Chart Color Schemes
This analysis uses Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, which can materially differ from Statistical Areas (SA2) even when sharing the same name.
SAL boundaries are defined by Australia Post and the Australian Bureau of Statistics to represent commonly-known suburb names used in postal addresses.
Statistical Areas (SA2) are designed for census data collection and may combine multiple suburbs or use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.
est. as @ -- *
2021 Census | -- people
Curious about local property values? Filter the chart to assess the volume and appreciation (including resales) trends and regional comparisons, or scroll to the map below view this information at an individual property level.
Find a Recent Sale
Sales Detail
Utakarra has an estimated 1,605 residents, up from 1,467 at the 2021 Census — a change of 138 people, or 9.4%. Growth has averaged 1.1% a year over five years. Natural increase accounts for 75.0% of that increase. That puts 326 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.
Detail
As of Aug 2026, the suburb of Utakarra has an estimated population of around 1,605, determined by AreaSearch through evaluating broader regional ABS updates alongside 5 validated new addresses since the Census. This represents an addition of 138 people (9.4%) compared to the 1,467 people recorded at the 2021 Census. AreaSearch arrived at this figure from an ERP benchmark of 1,604 drawn from the June 2025 ABS release combined with subsequent address additions. Outpacing both the wider SA3 area and the SA4 region (8.2%), the suburb of Utakarra's 9.4% expansion since the 2021 census establishes it as a regional growth leader.
Natural increase served as the primary demographic driver, generating approximately 75.0% of recent population gains. With a density ratio of 325 persons per square kilometer, the locality offers generous living space and capacity for future expansion. Future demographic modeling by AreaSearch incorporates ABS/Geoscience Australia SA2 projections published in 2024 (using 2022 as a baseline), supplemented by age cohort growth rates from the 2023 ABS Greater Capital Region release (utilising 2022 data) for uncovered localities and post-2032 modeling. Over the 16 years leading to 2041, aggregated SA2 projections indicate the suburb of Utakarra will gain 158 persons, translating to total growth of 9.8%. This projected expansion sits just under the national median for regional localities.
Frequently Asked Questions - Population
Detail
Residential building activity in Utakarra remains minimal, recording an average of 3 approvals per year and totalling 18 across the past five years. Such modest construction volumes highlight the rural character of the locality, where building activity responds primarily to specific local housing needs rather than general market demand. Because the overall volume is low, single development projects have the capacity to substantially shift annual growth figures and comparative metrics. Construction volumes in Utakarra trail significantly behind Rest of WA benchmarks and fall well short of nationwide patterns. Recent residential approvals have consisted entirely of standalone homes, catering to families desiring space and a rural lifestyle.
Generating approximately 226 people per dwelling approval, the local property landscape demonstrates characteristics of a developing market. Projections from the most recent AreaSearch quarterly update anticipate Utakarra expanding by 157 residents through to 2041. While ongoing residential construction is tracking at a reasonable pace alongside expected gains, prospective purchasers might encounter heightened competition as the population expands.
Frequently Asked Questions - Development
Development applications around Utakarra
Loading development applications…
| Lodged | Address | Description | Type | Distance | Status |
|---|
SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.
AreaSearch tracks 12 current infrastructure and development projects close to Utakarra, worth an estimated $55 million. 7 are already under construction and 4 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, communities and health & medical. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.
Detail
Changes to planning initiatives, major projects, and local infrastructure play a defining role in an area's trajectory. At present, AreaSearch has identified no projects that are likely to have a direct impact on the area. Major regional initiatives being monitored include the Geraldton Youth Precinct Masterplan Development, Dongara-Geraldton-Northampton Route (DGN Route), WA Police Satellite Technology Upgrade, and Regional And Rural Wa Road Network Safety Improvements, with key details provided below.
Professional plan users can use the search below to filter and access additional projects.
INFRASTRUCTURE SEARCH
Denotes AI-based impression for illustrative purposes only, not to be taken as definitive under any circumstances. Please follow links and conduct other investigations from the project's source for actual imagery. Developers and project owners wishing us to use original imagery please Contact Us and we will do so.
Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure
7-Eleven Service Station, Durlacher Street, Geraldton
Development of a 7-Eleven service station and convenience store at Lot 203 (179) Durlacher Street, Geraldton, on the southern portion of the Rigters IGA site. The 193 square metre store includes six refuelling bays, a fuel canopy, eight car parking bays, pylon signage, landscaping, and 24/7 operations. Approved by the Regional Development Assessment Panel (DAP/24/02803) in March 2025 with a development value of $2.7 million. The proponent is Dunmarra Pty Ltd, with Planning Solutions acting as planning consultant and Hindley & Associates as building designers.Early-stage construction was confirmed underway in April 2026, with the store expected to open later in 2026. The nearby Flores Road store (Webberton) opened in October 2025 as Geraldton's first 7-Eleven.
Mount Tarcoola Brand Highway Residential Development Plan
Local development plan and design guidelines applying to the hillside subdivision created from Lots 219 and 220 Brand Highway in Mount Tarcoola. The LDP, adopted by the City of Greater Geraldton, guides how approximately 18 ocean-facing residential lots and one public open space lot are developed under R20 and R40 densities, with controls on building envelopes, height, setbacks, noise mitigation from Brand Highway and protection of the vegetated rear slope. The estate is now largely subdivided, with individual coastal lots along Brand Highway being marketed and sold for new homes, so build-out is progressing on a lot-by-lot basis rather than through a single builder.:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0} :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}
Geraldton Homemaker Centre Expansion
A 30 million dollar expansion of the Geraldton Homemaker Centre on North West Coastal Highway that effectively doubles the precinct to 38,471 square metres of floor space across two parallel buildings. Construction is underway, with a relocated Bunnings Warehouse of 16,743 square metres taking the place of the existing Wonthella store, alongside a 5,072 square metre Harvey Norman, four additional bulky goods showrooms totalling 3,975 square metres, a vehicle service centre and a fast food outlet.A new KFC is part of the precinct upgrade and was reported as opening soon in early 2026. The works involve demolishing about 3,705 square metres of existing space while retaining 12,681 square metres, with the precinct extended toward Place Road and additional car parking added.
Youth Precinct Redevelopment Project
Redevelopment of the Youth Precinct on the Geraldton Foreshore, covering approximately 7,353 square metres of public open space on the site of the ageing existing precinct. The upgrade will deliver a skatepark, trampolines, a parkour course, a zipline, shaded seating areas, swings, and a renewed Rage Cage, along with lighting and CCTV. The Updated Masterplan was co-designed with local youth and endorsed by the City of Greater Geraldton Council in July 2025. Construction began the week of 27 July 2026 and is expected to take approximately six months to complete.
Mount Tarcoola Brand Highway (Lots 219 and 220) Local Development Plan
Local Development Plan and detailed design guidelines for residential lots created from Lots 219 and 220 Brand Highway, Mount Tarcoola. The plan has been adopted by the City of Greater Geraldton and prescribes additional requirements to the Residential Design Codes, including building envelopes, setbacks, height limits, noise and bushfire mitigation measures, and requirements to maintain views and ensure an attractive presentation to Brand Highway. The LDP remains listed as an operative planning document for the site in the Citys Local Development Plans register.
Geraldton Health Campus Redevelopment Project
The $188 million redevelopment of Geraldton Health Campus includes an expanded emergency department, a new intensive care unit and high dependency unit, a new integrated mental health service (with an adult mental health inpatient unit and a mental health short stay unit), and a reconfigured main entry. The project is being implemented in stages to minimize disruption. The Geraldton Health Campus will be redeveloped to provide Midwest residents with safe and efficient care closer to home.
Fenix Resources Worker Dwellings
Development of 60 quality dwellings for Fenix Resources workers, with a project value of $30 million.
Geraldton Port Maximisation Project (PMaxP)
A transformative infrastructure project to future-proof the port and drive economic growth in the Mid West. Includes a new $52 million bulk materials handling facility (completion late 2026) and a proposed Surge Protection Breakwater. Total project value is $350 million.
670 residents of Utakarra are employed, from a labour force of 732. Unemployment sits at 8.5%, with participation at 58.7%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.0% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. The working-day population is estimated at 1,258, about 78% of the resident population, so more people leave the area for work than travel in. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
According to AreaSearch statistical aggregations, Utakarra sustains an even balance between white and blue collar employment, alongside prominent retail and lifestyle representation, experiencing 2.9% estimated employment growth over the past year against an 8.5% unemployment rate. As of March 2026670 residents are in work; however, unemployment sat 5.0% higher than the Regional WA rate of 3.5%, and workforce participation lagged noticeably at 58.7% versus 65.4% regionally. Census returns revealed that only 3.6% of residents worked from home, though Covid-19 lockdown impacts should be considered. Workforce participation among residents is concentrated in retail trade, health care & social assistance, and transport, postal & warehousing.
Retail trade represents a notable area of specialization, engaging an employment share of 1.7 times the regional level. Conversely, agriculture, forestry & fishing maintains a minor footprint at 1.2% employment compared to 9.3% regionally. As indicated by the disparity between the Census working population and resident counts, this predominantly residential locality provides limited local job opportunities. Synthesising SALM and ABS figures aggregated from broader statistical areas, AreaSearch identified a 2.9% rise in employment alongside a 2.4% expansion in the labour force over the 12-month period, which lowered the local unemployment rate by 0.5 percentage points. In contrast, Regional WA experienced a 0.1% contraction in employment, a 0.3% rise in the labour force, and a 0.4 percentage point uptick in unemployment. Looking ahead, Jobs and Skills Australia national forecasts from Mar-26 outline nationwide employment gains of 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years. Weighting these sector-level expectations against Utakarra's industry mix suggests local employment should increase by 6.0% over five years and 12.6% over ten years (a simple weighting extrapolation for illustrative purposes that excludes localised population projections).
Frequently Asked Questions - Employment
Median household income in Utakarra is $1,345 a week (about $70,000 a year), with median personal income at $631 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $48,779 a year against an average of $60,677. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.
Detail
Aggregated ATO data compiled by AreaSearch for financial year 2023 indicates that taxable earnings in the suburb of Utakarra sit below the national standard, with a taxpayer median income of $48,779 and an average income of $60,677, compared to Regional WA benchmarks of $59,973 and $74,392 respectively. Factoring in Wage Price Index growth of 10.93% since financial year 2023 yields updated estimates of approximately $54,111 (median) and $67,309 (average) as of March 2026. Data from the 2021 Census places personal, family, and household incomes between the 15th and 23rd percentiles across Australia.
Regarding earnings distribution, the largest cohort accounts for 31.0% of locals (497 people) in the $1,500 - 2,999 bracket, aligning closely with the wider region's 31.1% share. Housing affordability pressures are severe, leaving only 84.8% of income after housing expenses and ranking at the 25th percentile.
Frequently Asked Questions - Income
Utakarra had 495 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 94% detached houses and 1% apartments. 41% are owned with a mortgage, 34% rented and 25% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $240 a week and the median mortgage repayment $1,300 a month. Rent absorbs 17.8% of household income here and mortgage repayments 22.3%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.
Detail
Dwelling structure within Utakarra at the latest Census comprised 94.1% houses and 5.9% other dwellings (such as semi-detached, apartments, and 'other' dwellings), compared to 88.5% houses and 11.6% other dwellings across Regional WA. Outright home ownership trailed regional levels at 25.2%, with remaining properties either mortgaged (40.8%) or rented (34.0%). The median monthly mortgage repayment was well below Regional WA at $1,300, while the median weekly rent stood at $240, compared to Regional WA's $1,560 and $265. Across Australia, Utakarra's mortgage commitments sit significantly lower than the national average of $1,863, while rents remain substantially beneath the Australian benchmark of $375.
Frequently Asked Questions - Housing
Utakarra counted 495 households at the 2021 Census, an estimated 542 today, averaging 2.6 people each. 23% are couples with children, fewer than in 78% of areas nationally, against 25% couples without children. 25% of households are people living alone, and families average 2.0 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Family households represent the primary living arrangement at 71.1% of all local households, divided between couples without children (24.8%), couples with children (22.8%), and single parent families (22.2%). Non-family living situations make up the remaining 28.9%, driven by lone person households at 24.6% and group households at 3.2%. The median household size of 2.6 people exceeds the Regional WA average of 2.5.
Frequently Asked Questions - Households
5.0% of adults in Utakarra hold a university qualification, including 3.1% with a bachelor degree and 0.9% with postgraduate qualifications. A further 39.1% hold a vocational qualification. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Educational attainment in the area presents both a challenge and an opening for targeted initiatives, with university qualification levels (5.0%) sitting substantially beneath the Australian average of 30.4%. Bachelor degrees account for 3.1%, followed by graduate diplomas (1.0%) and postgraduate qualifications (0.9%). Conversely, technical and vocational qualifications are heavily represented, with 47.3% of residents aged 15+ holding vocational credentials, including certificates (39.1%) and advanced diplomas (8.2%). Formal study participation is notably strong across the locality, with 36.3% of residents actively enrolled in education. This proportion comprises 14.7% in primary education, 12.5% in secondary education, and 1.6% engaged in tertiary education.
Frequently Asked Questions - Education
Schools Detail
Getting around Utakarra means driving: households keep an average of 1.4 vehicles, and scheduled services reach only a handful of stops. Service data is built from operators' published GTFS timetables; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Utakarra contains 15 active public transport stops providing bus connectivity across 1 individual routes, delivering a combined total of 55 weekly passenger trips. Local transit accessibility is rated as good, with residents situated an average of 350 meters from their closest stop. As a predominantly residential suburb, outward travel is standard, with private vehicles serving as the primary mode for 94% of commuters. Household vehicle ownership averages 1.4 per dwelling, sitting below the regional norm, while 3.6% of residents worked from home during the 2021 Census (a figure that may reflect COVID-19 lockdown circumstances).
Bus services run at an average frequency of 7 trips per day across all routes, translating to approximately 3 weekly trips per individual stop.
Frequently Asked Questions - Transport
Transport Stops Detail
63.5% of residents in Utakarra report no long-term health condition, a less healthy profile than 91% of areas nationally. 6.3% need daily assistance with core activities, and 51.3% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 8.3 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.
Detail
AreaSearch evaluations of chronic condition prevalence and mortality rates indicate critical health challenges across Utakarra, with conditions having marked impacts across both older and younger age groups. Furthermore, the uptake of private health cover remains relatively low at approximately 51% of the total population (~823 people), compared to 56.4% across Regional WA. Mental health issues and asthma represent the most widespread medical conditions in the area, affecting 10.5 and 10.0% of residents respectively, whereas 63.5% reported no chronic medical conditions compared to 69.3% across Regional WA. The working-age population faces notable health challenges associated with elevated chronic disease rates.
Residents aged 65 and over comprise 14.5% of the community (232 people), lower than the 19.1% recorded in Regional WA, with senior health outcomes presenting distinct challenges that rank even higher nationally than the general population.
Frequently Asked Questions - Health
Utakarra is largely Australian-born, at 89.4% of residents, with 7.5% speaking a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are Australian (30.3%) and English (26.0%). 18.0% of residents identify as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander. Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Utakarra demonstrates below-average levels of cultural diversity, with 89.4% of residents born in Australia, 82.6% holding citizenship, and 92.5% speaking English exclusively at home. Christianity forms the predominant religion, representing 44.9% of people in Utakarra. The most evident overrepresentation occurs in Other religions, accounting for 1.0% of the population compared to 0.7% across Regional WA. In terms of ancestral background, the leading represented groups in Utakarra are Australian (30.3%), English (26.0%, noticeably below the regional average of 31.3%), and Australian Aboriginal (18.0%, substantially above the 6.1% regional mark). Other distinct variations in heritage representation include Filipino at 1.6% (compared to 1.2% regionally), Maori at 0.8% (versus 1.0% regionally), and Lebanese at 0.4% (against none recorded regionally).
Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity
The median resident of Utakarra is 34, younger than 82% of areas nationally. 29.7% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.
Detail
The age structure of Utakarra skews younger than Regional WA. Children and young adults aged 0 - 24 represent 36.9% of residents as at August 2026, compared to 29.1% across Regional WA, while middle aged and young retiree cohorts (45 - 64) make up 20.2% locally versus 25.2% regionally. The estimated median age is 34 as at August 2026, identical to the 2021 Census and 6 years below the Regional WA figure of 40 at that Census. Since the Census, the 45 - 64 cohort has declined from 23.4% to an estimated 20.2%.
Through to 2041, the largest projected expansion will occur among young to middle aged adults (25 - 44), rising by 134 residents (29%) to 591, while retiree and elderly cohorts are expected to contract over that period.
Frequently Asked Questions - Age
Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Utakarra
9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Aug 2026.
Everything is aggregated to the Suburb (SAL) boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.
The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section
| Section | Source & update cycle | Currency |
|---|---|---|
| Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections | ||
| Population | ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) | Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to Aug 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline. | ||
| Age profile | ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual | Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to Aug 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate. | ||
| Development & approvals | ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) | Aug 2026 last month headline measures · Jun 2026 baseline |
| Property sales & rents | Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents | Aug 2026 last month all 21 measures |
| Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Aug 2026. | ||
| Infrastructure projects | Infrastructure Australia, Local governments Daily | May 2026 4 months ago all 2 projects tracked here |
| Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated May 2026. | ||
| Employment | ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) | Mar 2026 6 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census. | ||
| Education | ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) | Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Transport | ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release | Jul 2026 2 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Services & amenities | Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous | Jul 2026 2 months ago all 14 measures |
| Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections | ||
| Income | ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) | FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail. | ||
| Health | ABS, ATO Annual | 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current. | ||
| Housing | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures |
| Households | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures |
| Cultural diversity | ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures |
"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.
How the numbers are built
Population
The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 5 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for Aug 2026, not a 2021 count (1,467 at the 2021 Census → 1,605 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.
Age profile
Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to Aug 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".
Property sales
Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.
Rents
Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.
Development & infrastructure
Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.
Employment & income
Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.
Education, transport & amenities
School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.
Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.
Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.
Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (SAL51486). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.