Caringbah

SA2

Greater Sydney / Cronulla - Miranda - Caringbah

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Data Sources ABSValuer GeneralRental BoardACARA Newest Oct 2026 · Refreshed ABS QuickStats 128011602 How we calculate this
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Statistical Area (SA2) Boundary Analysis

This analysis uses ABS Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2) boundaries, which can materially differ from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) even when sharing similar names.

SA2 boundaries are defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and are designed to represent communities for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP).

Suburbs and Localities (SAL) represent commonly-used suburb/locality names (postal-style areas) and may use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.

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Sales ActivityProperty Sales Trends in Caringbah

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The median house price in Caringbah is $2.05m, with units at $945k. House values have moved 3.6% a year compounded over five years.

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DemographicsPopulation Growth in Caringbah

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Caringbah has an estimated 14,314 residents, up from 12,858 at the 2021 Census — a change of 1,456 people, or 11.3%. Growth has averaged 1.7% a year over five years, faster than 75% of areas nationally. 414 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. Overseas migration accounts for 55.1% of that increase. That puts 3,579 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.

Detail

Demographic evaluations from AreaSearch indicate that Caringbah had reached an estimated population of 14,314 by Aug 2026. Compared to the 12,858 residents recorded in the 2021 Census, this represents an addition of 1,456 people, or an expansion of 11.3%. This demographic shift incorporates the ABS estimated resident population figure of 14,011 as of June 2025 along with 414 validated new addresses registered following the Census date. The resulting density stands at 3,578 persons per square kilometer, positioning the suburb in the top quartile of assessed Australian regions. With its 11.3% gain since the 2021 census, Caringbah outperformed both the broader SA4 region (5.1%) and the surrounding SA3 area, establishing itself as a standout growth locality.

Net overseas arrivals served as the principal driver of this expansion, accounting for roughly 55.1% of recent population additions, while interstate migration and natural increase also delivered positive contributions. SA2 demographic modelling by AreaSearch draws upon ABS/Geoscience Australia forecasts released in 2024 (using 2022 as a base year), supplemented by NSW State Government SA2 projections published in 2022 (benchmarked to 2021) where required. These cohort-specific growth trajectories are extended across all areas for the period spanning 2032 to 2041. Looking ahead, Caringbah is slated to outpace the national median for statistical areas, with projections indicating an influx of 2,098 persons by 2041 relative to latest annual ERP statistics, representing a cumulative increase of 12.5% across the 16 years.

Frequently Asked Questions - Population

What is the latest population estimate for the Caringbah SA2?
Total population for the Caringbah SA2 was estimated to be approximately 14,314 as at Aug 26. This is based upon an estimated resident population of 14,011 from the ABS up to June 2025.
How has the population in the Caringbah SA2 changed since 2021?
The caringbah sa2 has added approximately 1,456 people and shown a 11.32% increase from the 12,858 people recorded at the 2021 Census period.
What is the population density in the Caringbah SA2?
The population density in the Caringbah SA2 is estimated at 3,578 persons per square kilometer based on the latest population estimate.
How much has the population grown over the past 10 years in the Caringbah SA2?
Over the past 10 years, the population in the Caringbah SA2 has shown a compound annual growth rate of 1.5% per annum.
What are the main drivers of population growth in the Caringbah SA2?
Population growth in the Caringbah SA2 is driven by: Overseas migration (55.1%), Natural increase (36.0%), Interstate migration (8.8%). The primary driver is Overseas migration, contributing 55.1% of overall population gains.

Residential SupplyHousing Development & Building Approvals in Caringbah

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1,012 new dwellings have been approved in Caringbah over the past five years, an average of 202 a year. That places the area in the 85th percentile for residential development activity nationally, about 14 approvals per 1,000 residents a year. Of the 202 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 4% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this SA2 boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.

Detail

Residential planning activity in Caringbah has generated approximately 202 dwelling approvals per year, totaling 1,012 approved homes across the past 5 financial years (between FY-22 and FY-26). With approximately 1.1 new residents added per approved dwelling over those same 5 financial years (between FY-22 and FY-26), local housing supply is keeping pace with demand to maintain balanced market fundamentals. The average expected construction cost for these newly approved residences sits at $416,000, aligning closely with broader regional standards. Furthermore, commercial building approvals have reached $41.0 million in the current financial year, underscoring substantial commercial development activity across the precinct.

On a per-capita basis, residential building approvals in Caringbah surpass Greater Sydney by 123.0%, ensuring strong future stock availability for prospective purchasers. This elevated building pipeline substantially exceeds national benchmarks and signals sustained developer confidence. High-density built forms dominate recent approvals, with townhouses or apartments making up 96.0% and standalone detached houses accounting for only 4.0%. This pronounced tilt toward medium- and high-density product provides accessible price points for first-home buyers, downsizers, and investors alike. It also contrasts sharply with the existing housing stock, where detached houses represent 28.0%, reflecting both constrained greenfield land and shifting community preferences toward compact living. The ratio of roughly 184 people per approved dwelling highlights Caringbah's active urban transformation. According to the latest quarterly estimates from AreaSearch, Caringbah is anticipated to expand by 1,795 residents leading into 2041. Ongoing construction volumes appear well-positioned to satisfy this anticipated residential demand, sustaining healthy market conditions for buyers and potentially supporting population growth beyond current baseline forecasts.

Frequently Asked Questions - Development

How many dwelling approvals have occurred in the Caringbah SA2 recently?
Dwelling approval activity in the the Caringbah SA2 area has seen 468 residential approvals over the past two financial years, based on AreaSearch's SA2 aggregation method. The Caringbah SA2's current population of 14,314 has been supported by 202 approvals on average over recent years.
How does the Caringbah SA2's development activity compare to the broader region?
The Caringbah SA2 has seen 1.49 approvals per 100 people in recent years, compared to 0.62 approvals in the broader region. This means that one dwelling has been approved for every 184 people in the Caringbah SA2, compared to one for every 165 in the broader region.
Is the Caringbah SA2 keeping up with housing demand?
With the population expected to increase by 1,795 people by 2041, around 898 new dwellings will be necessary. Recent approval levels appear more than sufficient to meet these forecasts, considering the census average of 2.0 persons per dwelling. This suggests that population growth may exceed trend projections in the coming years, supported by a robust housing supply.
What has been the trend in development approvals over the past five years in the Caringbah SA2?
Looking at development activity over the past five years, the Caringbah SA2's approval levels have been slightly above the yearly average of 202, showing modest growth in recent years.
How many dwellings will be needed to accommodate future population growth in the Caringbah SA2?
The population in the Caringbah SA2 is expected to grow by 1,795 people by 2041, necessitating approximately 898 new dwellings. This calculation is based on the current census average of 2.0 persons per dwelling in the area.
How does recent development compare to population growth in the Caringbah SA2?
Over the past five years, the population in the Caringbah SA2 has grown by approximately 4,332 people, while 1,012 residential approvals were recorded. This equates to a ratio of 4.3 people added for each new dwelling approval. This high ratio suggests strong population growth relative to housing supply, potentially indicating unmet housing demand.
Are there opportunities for residential developers in the Caringbah SA2?
With dwelling approval activity running at an average of 202 approvals per year and a population of 14,314, the market appears to be adequately supplied relative to projected housing demand in recent years, suggesting that developers should have a longer-term approach when considering new projects. With the population expected to increase by 1,795 people by 2041, around 898 new dwellings will be necessary. Recent approval levels appear more than sufficient to meet these forecasts, considering the census average of 2.0 persons per dwelling. This suggests that population growth may exceed trend projections in the coming years, supported by a robust housing supply.
Approvals Pipeline Development applications near Caringbah

Development applications around Caringbah

Development approvals is a new addition to AreaSearch. We’re actively expanding council coverage and refining the dataset — details and statuses for some councils may be partial. Check back regularly for the latest pipeline.
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SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.

Project PipelineInfrastructure & Major Projects in Caringbah

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AreaSearch tracks 13 current infrastructure and development projects inside Caringbah, worth an estimated $1.09 billion. A further 124 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $21.8 billion. 30 are already under construction and 72 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, communities, precincts & urban renewal and sports & recreation. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.

Detail

Local infrastructure investment and strategic development initiatives play a critical role in shaping regional growth. AreaSearch has pinpointed 17 key planning and infrastructure projects expected to influence the locality. Significant developments include the Caringbah Pavilion, the Sutherland to Cronulla Active Transport Link (SCATL), Live Caringbah, and the Shop top housing with affordable housing project located at Willarong Road and President Avenue Caringbah.

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Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure

What are some of the major infrastructure and planning changes likely to influence the Caringbah SA2?
Key infrastructure and planning changes likely to influence the Caringbah SA2 include: Caringbah Pavilion (Construction); Sutherland to Cronulla Active Transport Link (SCATL) (Construction); Live Caringbah (Construction); Shop top housing with affordable housing - Willarong Road and President Avenue Caringbah (Approved); and Caringbah Marketplace Redevelopment (Proposed). These projects represent significant developments that will shape the area's future infrastructure landscape.
What types of infrastructure projects are impacting the Caringbah SA2?
Infrastructure development impacting the Caringbah SA2 spans multiple sectors including Precincts & Urban Renewal, Health & Medical, and Residential Development, among others.
What is the scale of infrastructure investment impacting the Caringbah SA2?
Infrastructure investment analysis indicates substantial capital deployment exceeding $1.5 billion in projects that will impact the extended area, with a notable concentration of investment within the immediate the Caringbah SA2 vicinity.
How does the Caringbah SA2's infrastructure development compare to other areas?
The Caringbah SA2 ranks in the top 20% nationally for infrastructure development, reflecting exceptional investment activity compared to similar areas across the country.
Caringbah Pavilion
Category: Communities
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 2026
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

A landmark mixed-use lifestyle precinct delivering 188 apartments above a Coles-anchored retail village in Caringbah. Building A rises 10 storeys with 116 market-rate apartments for sale; Building B is 6 storeys with 72 affordable housing units managed by Hume Community Housing for a minimum 15 years. The $80 million retail podium includes Coles, Liquorland, and specialty dining and wellness retailers. Resort-style resident amenities include rooftop gardens, pool, gym, and wellness zones. Designed by Conquest's in-house CQ Studio, residences range from 1-bedroom to 4-bedroom penthouses.Located 200 metres from Caringbah train station, the precinct combines coastal living with urban convenience in the heart of Sutherland Shire.

Communities

Shop top housing with affordable housing - Willarong Road and President Avenue Caringbah
Category: Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 2026
Source / Links: Link 1   

State Significant Development (SSD-72600478) for two residential towers (Building A, 10 storeys, 116 apartments; Building B, 6 storeys, 72 apartments) totalling 188 apartments, including 42 affordable housing dwellings and a build-to-rent component, above a retail podium anchored by a new Coles supermarket and specialty retail. Marketed as Caringbah Pavilion by Conquest (applicant entity: NSW Housing Corporation Pty Ltd). SSD consent granted 23 April 2025. Construction is well advanced: demolition, excavation and podium works are complete, with the retail village scheduled to open 7 August 2026 and residents progressively moving into the apartments from mid-to-late 2026.Conquest has also lodged a development application to add a childcare centre to the precinct.

Precincts & Urban Renewal

Caringbah Marketplace Redevelopment
Category: Retail
Stage: Proposed | Est. Comp: 2028
Source / Links: Link 1   

A landmark mixed-use redevelopment of a 1,815 sqm derelict shopping mall site located 300m from Caringbah Station. The project is anchored by a new 10-year lease to ALDI and offers up to 5,445 sqm of gross floor area under E2 Commercial Centre zoning. Following decades of vacancy and multiple rejected planning proposals, the site was marketed for sale in late 2025 as a premium opportunity for retail combined with residential apartments or student accommodation.

Retail

Cronulla and Caringbah Place Plans
Category: Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 2027
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Strategic precinct planning framework by Sutherland Shire Council to guide future housing choice, streetscape revitalisation, active transport links, open space enhancements, and commercial growth across Caringbah and Cronulla town centres.

Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal

Caringbah Town Centre Park
Category: Sports & Recreation
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 2027
Source / Links: Link 1   

A new community park is being planned for the Caringbah Town Centre at the corner of Willarong Road and the Kingsway. Sutherland Shire Council purchased the residential land at 155 and 157 Willarong Road in 2022 using developer contributions, combining it with an adjoining council car park to create a 2,213 square metre site. The dwellings were demolished in February 2025 and the site has been re-turfed while planning continues. Community consultation on the park's use ran from March to April 2025, with results now informing a detailed concept design due for further community review by mid 2026.The park will provide additional open space, improved footpaths, a local ground or play space, seating, a bike rack and landscaping for the growing Caringbah community. Council has allocated 2.75 million AUD to the project in its 2026-27 capital works program, with construction expected to start in mid to late 2026.

Sports & Recreation

Live Caringbah
Category: Health
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 2027
Source / Links: Link 1   

Live Caringbah is a contemporary coastal mixed-use development by Landmark Group in the Caringbah Medical Precinct. The project features approximately 288 designer apartments (1, 2, and 3-bedroom) across two eight-storey towers, alongside a five-storey medical/health facility. Designed by DKO Architecture, amenities include rooftop gardens, yoga lawns, and work-from-home spaces. Originally approved in April 2024, construction commenced in August 2025. The development is backed by Landmark's 10-year Structural Guarantee.

Health

Kingsway Apartment Development
Category: Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Dev. Application | Est. Comp: 2028
Source / Links: Link 1   

A proposed 20-storey mixed-use development comprising approximately 250 residential apartments with 10% designated affordable housing, three ground-level retail shopfronts, and a commercial office building positioned directly opposite Caringbah railway station.

Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal

Caringbah Greens
Category: Residential Development
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 2025
Source / Links: Link 1   

A mixed-use redevelopment of the historic Caringbah Bowling Club featuring coastal-inspired apartments across three buildings designed by DKO Architecture. The project includes a new modern clubhouse, bistro, two bowling greens, central playground, and landscaped rooftop terraces.

Residential Development

Jobs & IndustryEmployment Trends in Caringbah

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7,999 residents of Caringbah are employed, from a labour force of 8,373. Unemployment sits at 4.5%, with participation at 72.3%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.7% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. The working-day population is estimated at 17,106, about 120% of the resident population, so the area draws in more workers than it sends out. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.

Detail

Caringbah features a highly educated local workforce with an established professional services footprint, a stable local job market, and an unemployment rate standing at 4.5%. Total employed residents numbered 7,999 as of March 2026. The local jobless rate sits 0.3% above the Greater Sydney benchmark of 4.1%, while the labour force participation rate reaches 72.3%, exceeding the metropolitan average of 68.9%. In addition, 37.9% of local workers reported working from home at the Census, although this proportion was influenced by prevailing Covid-19 pandemic movement restrictions. The primary sectors employing local residents are health care & social assistance, construction, and education & training.

Construction represents a distinct area of local specialization, employing workers at 1.5 times the regional concentration. Conversely, professional & technical roles account for 8.1% of employment locally, below the 11.5% regional share. A balance of 1.0 jobs located in the area for each resident worker at the Census demonstrates a solid local employment base. AreaSearch analysis of ABS and SALM figures indicates that across the preceding 12-month period, local employment expanded by 0.2% while the total workforce grew by 0.5%, resulting in a 0.3 percentage point increase in the unemployment rate. In comparison, Greater Sydney saw both employment and the labour force rise by 1.9%, with a slight decline in unemployment. National employment projections from Jobs and Skills Australia as of Mar-26 provide additional context regarding future labour trends. Nationally, jobs are projected to increase by 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, with distinct variations across different industries. Mapping these sector-level expectations against the local industry breakdown indicates that Caringbah employment could expand by 6.7% across five years and 13.6% over ten years (note that this illustrative calculation uses simple weighting extrapolation without adjusting for localized population trajectories).

Frequently Asked Questions - Employment

What is the employment situation in the Caringbah SA2?
As of March 2026, the Caringbah SA2 has approximately 7,999 employed residents with an unemployment rate of 4.5%. This healthy unemployment rate suggests a well-functioning labour market. Employment indicators are below the national average, suggesting room for improvement.
How does the Caringbah SA2's unemployment rate compare to the broader region?
As of March 2026, the unemployment rate in the Caringbah SA2 stands at 4.5%, which is broadly in line with Greater Sydney's rate of 4.1%. For comparison, the national unemployment rate is 4.2%.
What are the major employment sectors in the Caringbah SA2?
The employment landscape in the Caringbah SA2 is dominated by several key sectors. The largest employers are health care & social assistance (13.8% of employment), construction (12.7%), and education & training (9.2%). Other significant employers include retail trade and professional & technical.
How has employment changed recently in the Caringbah SA2?
Over the past year to March 2026, the Caringbah SA2 has experienced employment growth, with total employment increasing while the labour force increased. As a result, the unemployment rate has rise. By comparison, Greater Sydney saw employment increased and its unemployment rate dropped.
What is the workforce participation rate in the Caringbah SA2?
The workforce participation rate in the Caringbah SA2 is 72.3%, which represents the proportion of working-age residents who are either employed or actively seeking work. This high participation rate indicates strong workforce engagement and economic vitality. The local rate leading the Greater Sydney average of 68.9%, showing similar workforce dynamics to the broader region.
Which industries are over-represented in the Caringbah SA2's employment market?
The caringbah sa2 shows notable specialization in construction, which employs 12.7% of the local workforce compared to 8.6% regionally. This moderate specialization indicates some local strength in the sector. The area also shows above-average employment in 1 other sectors, contributing to a distinctive economic profile.
What are the employment growth prospects for the Caringbah SA2?
Based on Jobs and Skills Australia projections applied to the Caringbah SA2's industry mix, employment is expected to grow by 6.7% over the next five years and 13.6% over ten years. This exceeds the national forecast of 6.6% over five years, suggesting the area's industry composition is well-positioned for future growth. Steady growth is anticipated across multiple sectors, providing diverse employment opportunities.
How does the job market in the Caringbah SA2 compare nationally?
The caringbah sa2's employment market shows below-average performance in national comparisons. While employment opportunities exist, the area faces more challenges than many other regions. Recent job advertisement trends show the broader employment region saw a 5.9% decline, ranking 29.0th out of 37 regions nationally.
What employment opportunities exist for skilled workers in the Caringbah SA2?
Skilled workers will find good opportunities in the Caringbah SA2, with skilled sectors accounting for 38.4% of employment. Key sectors for skilled workers include health care & social assistance (13.8%), education & training (9.2%), and professional & technical (8.1%). With projected employment growth of 6.7% over five years, demand for skilled workers is expected to remain strong.

EarningsHousehold Income in Caringbah

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Median household income in Caringbah is $1,894 a week (about $98,000 a year), with median personal income at $1,020 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $67,364 a year against an average of $97,205. The average runs 44% above the median, a wider spread than most areas and a sign of a concentrated group of high earners. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.

Detail

According to AreaSearch's release of postcode ATO statistics for financial year 2023, taxpayers in the Caringbah SA2 recorded a median income of $67,364 and an average of $97,205, substantially outperforming national figures and exceeding the Greater Sydney median of $60,817 and average of $83,003. Applying cumulative Wage Price Index growth of 10.32% since financial year 2023 elevates estimated local figures to approximately $74,316 (median) and $107,237 (average) by March 2026. Census 2021 data placed individual weekly earnings at $1,020, sitting at the 80th percentile nationally. The $1,500 - 2,999 weekly bracket accounts for 31.2% of local earners (4,465 individuals), closely matching the regional proportion of 30.9%.

While housing costs take up 20.3% of earnings, elevated income levels place disposable earnings at the 53rd percentile, with the area ranking in the 7th decile of the SEIFA income index.

Frequently Asked Questions - Income

What is the median taxable income in the Caringbah SA2?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated median taxable income in the Caringbah SA2 is approximately $74,316. The official ATO data from FY-23 recorded a median of $67,364.
What is the average taxable income in the Caringbah SA2?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated average taxable income in the Caringbah SA2 is approximately $107,237. The official ATO data from FY-23 recorded an average of $97,205.
How does the median taxable income in the Caringbah SA2 compare to the region?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated median taxable income in the Caringbah SA2 is approximately $74,316 compared to $67,093 in Greater Sydney. The official ATO data from FY-23 shows $67,364 and $60,817 respectively.
How does the average taxable income in the Caringbah SA2 compare to the region?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated average taxable income in the Caringbah SA2 is approximately $107,237 compared to $91,569 in Greater Sydney. The official ATO data from FY-23 shows $97,205 and $83,003 respectively.
What are the main income cohorts in the Caringbah SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
As per the 2021 Census, the income bracket containing the largest proportion (~31.2% / 4,465 persons) of the Caringbah SA2's population is the $1,500 - 2,999 cohort.
How do the main income cohorts in the Caringbah SA2 compare to the region?
The largest income cohort in the Caringbah SA2 is the $1,500 - 2,999 group, representing about 31.2% of the population. In comparison, Greater Sydney's largest income cohort is the $1,500 - 2,999 group, representing 30.9% of its population, according to the 2021 Census.
What is the median household income in the Caringbah SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
The 2021 Census data indicates that the median household income in the Caringbah SA2 is $1,894/wk.
What is the median family income in the Caringbah SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
According to the 2021 Census, the median family income in the Caringbah SA2 is $2,531/wk.
What is the median personal income in the Caringbah SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
The 2021 Census shows that the median personal income in the Caringbah SA2 is $1,020/wk.
How does the Caringbah SA2's income rank nationally?
The Caringbah SA2 shows a median taxpayer income of $67,364 and an average of $97,205 according to the latest postcode level ATO data aggregated by AreaSearch for FY-23. This is among the top percentile nationally, contrasting with Greater Sydney's median income of $60,817 and average income of $83,003. Based on Wage Price Index growth of 10.32% since FY-23, current estimates would be approximately $74,316 (median) and $107,237 (average) as of March 2026.
What is the disposable income in the Caringbah SA2?
The estimated disposable income in the Caringbah SA2 is $6,541 per year according to AreaSearch analysis.
How does the Caringbah SA2's disposable income compare to the region?
The caringbah sa2's disposable income is $6,541 compared to $7,412 for Greater Sydney, based on AreaSearch analysis.

Housing StockHousing & Dwellings in Caringbah

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Caringbah had 5,323 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 28% detached houses and 44% apartments. 35% are owned with a mortgage, 39% rented and 27% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $470 a week and the median mortgage repayment $2,544 a month, a total housing cost higher than 89% of areas nationally. Rent absorbs 24.8% of household income here and mortgage repayments 31.0%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.

Detail

Census records indicate that the residential landscape in Caringbah is composed of 28.3% separate houses and 71.6% medium- to high-density dwellings (including semi-detached properties, apartments, and other configurations), diverging from the Sydney metro profile of 55.9% houses and 44.1% other dwellings. Outright home ownership stood at 26.8%, marginally lower than metropolitan benchmarks, with 34.7% of properties held under a mortgage and 38.5% occupied by renters. The median monthly mortgage repayment reached $2,544, higher than the Sydney metro median of $2,427 and significantly above the Australian median of $1,863. The median weekly rental rate was $470, matching Sydney metro's $470 while standing well above the national median of $375.

Frequently Asked Questions - Housing

What percentage of homes are owned vs rented in the Caringbah SA2?
In the Caringbah SA2, 26.8% of homes are owned outright, 34.7% are owned with a mortgage, and 38.5% are rented.
What percentage of dwellings in the Caringbah SA2 are houses?
According to the latest data, 28.3% of dwellings in the Caringbah SA2 are houses.
What percentage of dwellings in the Caringbah SA2 are apartments or units?
In the Caringbah SA2, 44.3% of dwellings are apartments or units, with an additional 27.3% being semi-detached dwellings.
What is the level of outright home ownership in the Caringbah SA2?
Outright home ownership in the Caringbah SA2 stands at 26.8%, compared to 28.7% in Greater Sydney.
What is the median monthly mortgage repayment in the Caringbah SA2?
The median monthly mortgage repayment in the Caringbah SA2 is $2,544, compared to $2,427 in Greater Sydney.
What is the median weekly rent in the Caringbah SA2?
The median weekly rent in the Caringbah SA2 is $470, compared to $470 in Greater Sydney.
What is the distribution of rental prices in the Caringbah SA2?
In the Caringbah SA2, 9.3% of rentals are $0-149/week, 13.7% are $150-349/week, 59.1% are $350-649/week, 15.8% are $650-949/week, and 2.0% are $950+/week.
What is the average monthly housing cost in the Caringbah SA2?
The aggregate monthly housing cost in the Caringbah SA2 is $1,666, which represents the average monthly cost across all housing types.
What percentage of income do residents spend on housing in the Caringbah SA2?
In the Caringbah SA2, households with mortgages typically spend 31.0% of their income on mortgage repayments, while renters spend 24.8% of their income on rent.
How crowded are homes in the Caringbah SA2?
The average persons per bedroom ratio in the Caringbah SA2 is 0.9, indicating the level of household density.
How does housing affordability in the Caringbah SA2 compare to the region?
Housing affordability in the Caringbah SA2 shows mortgage holders spending 31.0% of income on repayments (vs 27.0% regionally), while renters spend 24.8% of income on rent (vs 22.6% regionally).
What types of dwellings are most common in the Caringbah SA2?
The dwelling mix in the Caringbah SA2 consists of 28.3% detached houses, 27.3% semi-detached dwellings, 44.3% apartments, and 0.0% other dwelling types.
What is the weighted average housing cost based on tenure mix in the Caringbah SA2?
Considering the housing occupancy patterns, the weighted average monthly housing cost is approximately $1,666. This accounts for outright owners paying no housing costs, mortgage holders paying $2,544/month, and renters paying $2,035/month.
How affordable is housing in the Caringbah SA2 relative to local incomes?
Housing in Caringbah consumes approximately 20.3% of median household income ($8,201 monthly), indicating costs are highly affordable. The generally accepted benchmark is that housing should not exceed 30% of household income.
How do proposed developments compare to existing housing types in the Caringbah SA2?
Recent development applications in Caringbah show attached dwellings contributing 97% of approvals compared to 72% of existing stock, while detached houses represent 3% of applications versus 28% of current dwellings. This suggests increasing densification. Caringbah is experiencing exceptional growth in housing density, ranking in the top 10% nationally.

HouseholdsHousehold Composition in Caringbah

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Caringbah counted 5,323 households at the 2021 Census, an estimated 5,926 today, averaging 2.3 people each. 28% are couples with children, against 23% couples without children. 33% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.4 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.

Detail

Families make up the majority of households at 63.6%, consisting of couples with children (27.9%), couples without children (23.0%), and single parent families (11.7%). The remaining 36.4% comprises non-family living arrangements, primarily lone person households at 33.0% along with group households at 3.4%. Average household occupancy sits at 2.3 people, which is smaller than the Greater Sydney benchmark of 2.7.

Frequently Asked Questions - Households

How many households are in the Caringbah SA2?
As of the 2021 Census, the Caringbah SA2 had 5,323 households. Based on population growth patterns, this has grown by approximately 11.3% to an estimated 5,926 households today.
What is the typical household size?
The median household size in the Caringbah SA2 is 2.3 people. This compares to 2.7 in Greater Sydney and reflects the area's household composition mix.
What types of households are most common?
Family households dominate at 63.6% of all households. The remaining households consist of lone person households (33.0%), group households (3.4%), and other household types (0.0%).
How are families structured in the area?
Among the 3,385 family households, 27.9% are couples with children, 23.0% are couples without children at home, and 11.7% are single parent families. This mix shapes local demand for schools, family services, and housing types.
How does the Caringbah SA2 compare to regional household patterns?
Compared to Greater Sydney, the Caringbah SA2 shows distinct household patterns. Lone person households are notably over-represented at 33.0% (versus 23.2% regionally). Conversely, family households are under-represented at 63.6% compared to the regional 72.6%. This higher proportion of single-person households drives demand for smaller dwellings and different community services.
What is the average family size?
Families in the Caringbah SA2 have an average of 1.4 children, slightly below the Greater Sydney average of 1.5. This influences local demand for child-related services and larger family homes.
What are the marriage patterns in the Caringbah SA2?
Marriage patterns reveal 41.0% of the adult population are currently married, while 38.6% have never married. This compares to 48.3% married and 36.4% never married across Greater Sydney.
How significant are single-person households?
Single-person households represent 33.0% of all households in the Caringbah SA2, higher than the regional average of 23.2%. This affects demand for smaller dwellings and single-person accommodation.
Are shared living arrangements common?
Group households (unrelated people sharing) account for 3.4% of households, well below the Greater Sydney average of 4.2%. This low rate suggests limited student or young professional shared accommodation.
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EducationSchools & Education in Caringbah

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28.5% of adults in Caringbah hold a university qualification, including 20.1% with a bachelor degree and 5.9% with postgraduate qualifications, higher than 84% of areas nationally. A further 25.6% hold a vocational qualification. 7 schools serve the area, with 3,951 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 1,095 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.

Detail

Educational attainment among Caringbah residents aged 15+ shows lower tertiary rates than the broader metropolitan area, with 28.5% possessing university qualifications compared to 38.0% across Greater Sydney. Bachelor degrees constitute the largest share of higher education credentials at 20.1%, followed by postgraduate degrees at 5.9% and graduate diplomas at 2.5%. Conversely, vocational and technical qualifications are widespread, with 38.3% of residents aged 15+ holding trade credentials, comprising certificates (25.6%) and advanced diplomas (12.7%). A significant portion of the local community is engaged in study, with 28.1% of residents enrolled in an educational program.

Specifically, 9.4% attend primary school, 6.4% are in secondary school, and 4.9% are enrolled in tertiary study.

Frequently Asked Questions - Education

What percentage of people in the Caringbah SA2 have university qualifications?
28.5% of people aged 15 and over in the Caringbah SA2 have university qualifications, compared to 38.0% in the broader region.
What percentage of people in the Caringbah SA2 have no formal qualifications?
33.3% of people aged 15 and over in the Caringbah SA2 have no formal qualifications, compared to 34.2% regionally.
How does the Caringbah SA2's education level compare to national averages?
The caringbah sa2 ranks in the 84th percentile nationally for education based on AreaSearch's analysis of qualification and performance metrics.
What types of qualifications are most common in the Caringbah SA2?
The most common qualifications in the Caringbah SA2 are: Certificate (25.6%), Bachelor Degree (20.1%), Advanced Diploma (12.7%).
What proportion of the Caringbah SA2's population is currently attending educational institutions?
28.1% of the population in the Caringbah SA2 is currently engaged in formal education, with 9.4% in primary school, 6.4% in secondary school, 4.9% at university.
What is the ICSEA score for schools in the Caringbah SA2?
The average ICSEA (Index of Community Socio-Educational Advantage) score for schools in the Caringbah SA2 is 1095, indicating average socio-educational advantage (national average is 1000).
How many schools are located within the Caringbah SA2?
There are 7 schools within the Caringbah SA2, with a combined enrollment of approximately 3,951 students.
What types of schools are available in the Caringbah SA2?
The caringbah sa2 includes 3 primary schools, 3 secondary schools, 1 combined school.

Schools Detail

AmenitiesServices & Amenities in Caringbah

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Getting AroundTransport & Commuting in Caringbah

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Public transport in Caringbah reaches 101 stops on 37 routes, timetabled for about 3,600 services a week. The typical home sits about 130 m from its nearest stop. Buses carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 1.0 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.

Detail

Public transport connectivity in Caringbah comprises 101 operational transit stops across rail and bus networks, served by 37 distinct routes delivering a combined 3,593 weekly trips. Commuter access is rated as excellent, with dwellings positioned an average of 125 meters from their nearest transit point. Given the predominantly residential character of the suburb, outward commuting is standard: private vehicles account for 82% of travel, while 7% commute by train and 6% walk. Household motor vehicle ownership sits at 1.0 vehicle per home, beneath regional levels. Furthermore, 37.9% of residents worked from home during the 2021 Census, reflecting prevailing COVID-19 conditions.

Transit networks operate an average of 513 daily scheduled trips across all routes, providing roughly 35 trips weekly per transit stop. The local network structure reflects close access across the 100 nearest transit stops surrounding the suburb centrepoint.

Frequently Asked Questions - Transport

How many public transport stops are in Caringbah?
There are 101 public transport stops within the Caringbah SA2.
How frequent are the transport services in Caringbah?
the Caringbah SA2 has 3,593 weekly trips across 37 routes, averaging 513 trips per day.
How far are residents from public transport in Caringbah?
On average, residential properties are 125 meters from the nearest transport stop.

Transport Stops Detail

HealthcareHealth Services in Caringbah

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72.4% of residents in Caringbah report no long-term health condition. 4.5% need daily assistance with core activities, and 69.7% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 5.2 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.

Detail

AreaSearch evaluations of mortality statistics and chronic disease rates show that Caringbah maintains above-average health metrics, displaying typical incidence rates for general health conditions across all age demographics. A notable 70% of residents (9,976 people) hold private health insurance, a rate well above the Greater Sydney average of 59.9% and the national figure of 55.7%. Mental health disorders and arthritis represent the most prevalent diagnosed conditions, affecting 7.5 and 7.3% of the community respectively, whereas 72.4% of residents reported having no chronic medical ailments, compared to 74.6% across Greater Sydney.

Overall health among residents aged under 65 trends higher than average. Residents aged 65 and over make up 16.2% of the population (2,321 people) and exhibit favorable health metrics that align with broader national rankings.

Frequently Asked Questions - Health

How many people in the Caringbah SA2 have private health insurance?
Around 69.7% of people in the Caringbah SA2 are covered by private health insurance, which compares to 59.9% in the broader region of Greater Sydney.
What percentage of the population requires ongoing medical assistance in the Caringbah SA2?
In the Caringbah SA2, 4.5% of the population is identified as requiring ongoing medical assistance. This figure is slightly different from the regional average, where 5.2% of people in Greater Sydney require similar assistance.
How prevalent is asthma in the Caringbah SA2?
6.9% of people in the Caringbah SA2 are diagnosed with asthma. In comparison, 6.4% of the population across Greater Sydney is affected by asthma.
What percentage of people have diabetes in the Caringbah SA2?
Diabetes affects 3.5% of the the Caringbah SA2 population, while in the surrounding region, 4.3% of people are diagnosed with diabetes.
What is the percentage of people with heart disease in the Caringbah SA2?
3.4% of people in the Caringbah SA2 have heart disease. Across the region of Greater Sydney, 3.2% of the population is affected by heart disease.
How does the Caringbah SA2 compare to the region in terms of overall private health coverage?
In the Caringbah SA2, 69.7% of the population are estimated to have private health insurance. Comparatively, Greater Sydney sees an estimated private health coverage rate of 59.9%.

Ancestry & LanguageCultural Diversity in Caringbah

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Caringbah is largely Australian-born, at 77.6% of residents, with 15.8% speaking a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are English (26.9%) and Australian (25.4%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.

Detail

Caringbah exhibits higher cultural diversity than average, with 22.4% of its resident base born abroad and 15.8% speaking a language other than English in their households. Christianity is the predominant religious affiliation, claimed by 57.5% of residents, in comparison to 49.2% across Greater Sydney. Regarding parental lineage, English ancestry leads at 26.9% of the population, well above the 19.0% recorded across Greater Sydney, followed by Australian ancestry at 25.4% compared to the regional 17.8%, and Irish ancestry at 8.9%. Other cultural backgrounds also show distinct local variations, including Greek ancestry at 2.3% (vs 1.9% regionally), Russian at 0.9% (vs 0.4%), and Serbian at 0.5% (vs 0.5%).

Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity

What is the level of cultural diversity in the Caringbah SA2?
Caringbah was found to be above average in terms of cultural diversity, with 22.4% of its population born overseas and 15.8% speaking a language other than English at home.
What is the most common religion in the Caringbah SA2?
The main religion in Caringbah was found to be Christianity, which makes up 57.5% of people in Caringbah. This compares to 49.2% across Greater Sydney.
What are the top countries of origin in the Caringbah SA2?
In terms of ancestry (country of birth of parents), the top three represented groups in Caringbah are English, comprising 26.9% of the population, which is substantially higher than the regional average of 19.0%, Australian, comprising 25.4% of the population, which is substantially higher than the regional average of 17.8%, and Irish, comprising 8.9% of the population. Additionally, there are notable divergences in the representation of certain other ethnic groups: Russian is notably overrepresented at 0.9% of Caringbah (vs 0.4% regionally), Serbian at 0.5% (vs 0.5%) and Greek at 2.3% (vs 1.9%).
How does the percentage of people born overseas compare to the regional average?
22.4% of the the Caringbah SA2 population was born overseas, compared to 40.5% regionally.
What percentage of the the Caringbah SA2 population speaks a language other than English at home?
15.8% of the population in the Caringbah SA2 speaks a language other than English at home, compared to 39.5% in the wider region.
How many people in the Caringbah SA2 identify as Australian Aboriginal?
1.2% of the the Caringbah SA2 population identifies as Australian Aboriginal, compared to 1.3% in the region.
What is the citizenship status of the population in the Caringbah SA2?
88.2% of the the Caringbah SA2 population holds citizenship, compared to 80.8% in the wider region.

Age StructureAge Profile of Caringbah

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The median resident of Caringbah is 37. 27.2% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.

Detail

The demographic profile of Caringbah aligns closely with Greater Sydney, showing a maximum variation of 3.4 percentage points across age cohorts. As of August 2026, the estimated median age is 37, matching the 2021 Census figure as well as the Greater Sydney median of 37 at that Census. The most noticeable adjustment since the Census is within the 0 - 24 age bracket, which declined from 28.7% to an estimated 27.1% of the population. By 2041, seniors aged 65+ are expected to drive growth by adding 950 residents (a 41% increase) to reach 3,272, while younger and middle-aged adult brackets are projected to contract.

Frequently Asked Questions - Age

What is the median age in the Caringbah SA2?
AreaSearch estimates the median age in the Caringbah SA2 at 37 years as at August 2026. That is in line with the 2021 Census figure of 37 years, on an age profile AreaSearch re-estimates for population change recorded since the Census.
How does the Caringbah SA2's median age compare to broader areas?
At an estimated 37 years as at August 2026, Caringbah is equal to the Greater Sydney 2021 Census average and similarly aligned with comparable to the national Census average (38 years).
What age groups are over-represented in the Caringbah SA2?
On AreaSearch estimates updated to August 2026, the most over-represented age group in the Caringbah SA2 compared to the Greater Sydney region is the 0 - 4 group, making up 6.8% of the population.
What age groups are under-represented in the Caringbah SA2?
On AreaSearch estimates updated to August 2026, the most under-represented age group in the Caringbah SA2 compared to the Greater Sydney region is the 15 - 24 group, making up 9.7% of the population.
Are there age groups with notable population variances?
No, the age distribution in the Caringbah SA2 is broadly in line with the Greater Sydney region.
What is the percentage of children (0-14 years) in the Caringbah SA2?
AreaSearch estimates children aged 0-14 years at 17.3% of the population in the Caringbah SA2 as at August 2026.
What is the percentage of older people (65+ years) in the Caringbah SA2?
AreaSearch estimates people aged 65 and over at 16.2% of the population in the Caringbah SA2 as at August 2026.

Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Caringbah

Data currency Refreshed

9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Oct 2026.

Everything is aggregated to the SA2 boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.

The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section

Section Source & update cycle Currency
Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections
Population ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) Aug 2026 2 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to Aug 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline.
Age profile ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual Aug 2026 2 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to Aug 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate.
Development & approvals ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) Aug 2026 2 months ago headline measures · Jul 2026 baseline
Property sales & rents Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents Oct 2026 this month headline measures · Sep 2026 baseline
Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Oct 2026.
Infrastructure projects Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily Aug 2026 2 months ago all 13 projects tracked here
Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Aug 2026.
Employment ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) Mar 2026 7 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census.
Education ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) Sep 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Transport ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release Jul 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Services & amenities Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous Sep 2026 last month all 14 measures
Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections
Income ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail.
Health ABS, ATO Annual 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current.
Housing ABS 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures
Households ABS 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures
Cultural diversity ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures

"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.

How the numbers are built

Population

The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 414 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for Aug 2026, not a 2021 count (12,858 at the 2021 Census → 14,314 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.

Age profile

Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to Aug 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".

Property sales

Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.

Rents

Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.

Development & infrastructure

Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.

Employment & income

Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.

Education, transport & amenities

School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.

Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.

Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.

Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (128011602). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.

Common questions about this page

Why can the Caringbah SA2 boundary differ from the suburb boundary?
This page uses ABS Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) boundaries for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP). SA2 areas can differ materially from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, even when they share similar names, because they are defined for different purposes and often use different geographic boundaries.
Where does the data on this Caringbah page come from?
AreaSearch compiles this page from official and industry sources — including ABS, Geoscience Australia, Valuer General, Provider directories, DEWR, JSA, State Transport Departments and ACARA — then aggregates them to the boundary shown and calculates the rankings, growth rates and benchmarks itself. Property sales come from the state valuation authority, rents from state rental bond lodgements, development applications from council and state planning portals, school data from ACARA, and public transport from state transport departments.
Is the Caringbah data on this page just from the 2021 Census?
No. Most of this page is maintained well beyond the Census. Sourced entirely from current releases: development & approvals (Aug 2026), property sales & rents (Oct 2026), infrastructure projects (Aug 2026) and services & amenities (Sep 2026). Built on a Census baseline but carrying newer measures on top: population (to Aug 2026), age profile (to Aug 2026), employment (to Mar 2026), income (to FY 2023), education (to Sep 2026), transport (to Jul 2026) and health (to 2024). Population and age cohorts in particular are re-based to the latest ABS Estimated Resident Population rather than left at 2021 counts. Only housing, households and cultural diversity remain wholly Census-based, because no more current small-area dataset exists for those measures.

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