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This analysis uses ABS Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2) boundaries, which can materially differ from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) even when sharing similar names.
SA2 boundaries are defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and are designed to represent communities for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP).
Suburbs and Localities (SAL) represent commonly-used suburb/locality names (postal-style areas) and may use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.
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ABS ERP | -- people | --
2021 Census | -- people
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Pakenham - South East has an estimated 6,799 residents, up from 6,439 at the 2021 Census — a change of 360 people, or 5.6%. Growth has averaged 1.7% a year over five years. 758 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. Overseas migration accounts for 53.8% of that increase. That puts 220 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.
Detail
According to findings from AreaSearch, the resident count of Pakenham - South East reaches approximately 6,799 in May 2026. This represents an addition of 360 individuals (5.6%) from the 2021 Census, which recorded 6,439 people. This shift is calculated using the June 2025 ABS estimated resident population of 6,778 alongside 758 validated new addresses detected after the Census. The resulting density sits at 219 persons per square kilometer, which indicates low density and possibilities for future expansion. Over the previous ten years, Pakenham - South East registered steady expansion with a 3.3% compound annual growth rate, exceeding the broader SA4 region.
This population expansion was mostly driven by overseas migration, which made up about 53.8% of the total demographic growth in recent times. AreaSearch utilizes projections from the ABS and Geoscience Australia published in 2024 with a 2022 baseline. In instances where SA2 areas lack this coverage, projections from the VIC State Government released in 2023 are used, with adjustments made by aggregating municipal growth patterns to the SA2 level. Age-specific growth distributions from these aggregations are also applied for the period spanning 2032 to 2041. Looking forward, substantial growth is anticipated, placing the district in the upper tier of areas analyzed by AreaSearch, with an estimated addition of 2,804 persons by 2041 compared to the most recent annual ERP data, which equals a 40.9% rise over the 16 years.
Frequently Asked Questions - Population
445 new dwellings have been approved in Pakenham - South East over the past five years, an average of 89 a year. That places the area in the 82nd percentile for residential development activity nationally, about 13 approvals per 1,000 residents a year. Of the 79 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 48% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Approvals are currently running at an annualised 265, running ahead of that longer-run average. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this SA2 boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.
Detail
Pakenham - South East records roughly 89 residential building approvals annually, with 445 dwellings approved throughout the last 5 financial years (from FY-21 to FY-25) and 243 during FY-26 so far. An average of 1.3 individuals relocated to the district for every completed home during the 5 financial years from FY-21 to FY-25, pointing to balanced supply and demand conditions, though recent data indicates this dropped to 0.3 people per dwelling over the last 2 financial years, indicating higher supply availability. Residential construction projects average a building value of $272,000—below regional benchmarks—indicating more budget-friendly purchasing options.
Additionally, commercial building approvals reached $2.9 million this financial year, which highlights the predominantly residential nature of the locality. In comparison to Greater Melbourne, Pakenham - South East displays slightly elevated building volumes (30.0% higher than the regional average per capita over the 5 year period), giving purchasers variety while supporting existing property valuations. This building rate is well above the national benchmark, showing strong builder interest in the locality. Recent residential construction comprises 48.0% standalone houses and 52.0% semi-detached dwellings or apartments. This preference for medium and high-density options offers cheaper entry points for purchasers, fitting downsizers, investors, and first-time buyers. This marks a clear transition from the historical housing mix (currently 66.0% houses), showing a reduction in vacant land and reflecting modern lifestyle preferences and the demand for more varied, economical housing. An estimated 489 people per dwelling approval indicates a quiet, low-volume construction setting. Future projections indicate Pakenham - South East will add 2,783 residents by 2041 (calculated from the most recent AreaSearch quarterly estimation). While construction rates match these growth forecasts, prospective buyers might face increased competition as the population expands.
Frequently Asked Questions - Development
Development applications around Pakenham - South East
SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.
AreaSearch tracks 3 current infrastructure and development projects inside Pakenham - South East, worth an estimated $456 million. A further 85 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $35 billion. 37 are already under construction and 44 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans communities, precincts & urban renewal, residential development and transport & logistics. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.
Detail
Local infrastructure projects, major planning initiatives, and developments are key drivers of regional performance. AreaSearch has identified 12 active projects poised to influence this locality. Primary developments include Kala Estate, the Pakenham Roads Upgrade, Enterprise Industry Park, and the Pakenham Revitalisation Project - Stage 1 (Main Street Gateway), with key details provided below for the most significant works.
Professional plan users can use the search below to filter and access additional projects.
INFRASTRUCTURE SEARCH
Denotes AI-based impression for illustrative purposes only, not to be taken as definitive under any circumstances. Please follow links and conduct other investigations from the project's source for actual imagery. Developers and project owners wishing us to use original imagery please Contact Us and we will do so.
Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure
Pakenham Revitalisation Project - Stage 1 (Main Street Gateway)
Stage 1 delivers the Main Street Gateway streetscape upgrade between Drake Place and the Henty Street roundabout. Works include wider footpaths, new pedestrian crossings, upgraded lighting, street furniture, landscaping, updated parking layouts and improved outdoor dining and community spaces. Council endorsed detailed design in June 2024. Tendering is active July to August 2025 with contractor appointment targeted for September 2025. Construction is expected October 2025 to April 2026.
Pakenham Community Hospital
The Pakenham Community Hospital is a public healthcare facility providing non-emergency urgent care, chemotherapy, dialysis, and diagnostic services. Managed by Monash Health and built by Lendlease, the three-level facility reached structural completion in November 2025. It is designed to alleviate pressure on Casey and Dandenong Hospitals by offering 114,000 annual patient treatments across two levels of clinical space, supported by 150 parking spaces.
Pakenham Roads Upgrade
Three-stage road upgrade in Pakenham comprising upgrades to the Princes Freeway interchanges, McGregor Road and Racecourse Road. The project delivered additional traffic lanes, upgraded freeway ramps and bridges, signalised intersections, improved bus access, and new walking and cycling paths. The final Racecourse Road stage was completed ahead of schedule in mid-2026.
Pakenham Place Shopping Centre Redevelopment
Approved redevelopment and refurbishment of Pakenham Place Shopping Centre by Banco Group and Leaf Corporation. The concept retains Coles and adds Aldi as a second supermarket, fresh food, cafes, restaurants, specialty shops and a laneway-style Eat Street food precinct between the car park and main centre. The developer and centre websites still promote the redevelopment and leasing, but recent reporting indicates the broader centre has remained partly vacant and stalled, so timing is uncertain rather than active construction.
Kala Estate
A masterplanned residential community in Pakenham East featuring 500+ homes with a central park, playground, green belt, and natural wetlands. Construction is actively underway with Stages 1 and 2 nearing completion and strong progress along Mount Ararat South Road as of April 2026.
Pakenham Central Marketplace Redevelopment
Major redevelopment of Pakenham Central Marketplace completed in late 2025. Works included a full interior mall refresh, new central hub with seating and food kiosk, expanded indoor kids play area, upgraded amenities (larger parents room, additional all-gender toilets), new landscaping, and car park improvements. The centre is now fully open with all new facilities operational.
The Rise Estate - Pakenham
Boutique greenfield subdivision in central Pakenham delivering 202 house and land lots alongside an 11,000 sqm local commercial precinct. Stages 1 and 2 were completed and handed over in November 2024, with many buyers already underway on their new homes. Stages 3 and 4 are in construction and progressing on schedule, with completion and handover anticipated across 2025 and 2026. The estate is marketed by KR Peters Real Estate with on-site sales at 110 Pakenham Road.
Ridgelea Estate - Pakenham East
Large masterplanned residential community in Pakenham East delivering 3,000+ lots with a future town centre, schools, community facilities and extensive open space. Early stages are under construction with Stage 7 and 10 selling. The estate connects to Princes Hwy and the new East Pakenham Station, with ongoing civil works and lot titling across multiple stages.
3,312 residents of Pakenham - South East are employed, from a labour force of 3,566. Unemployment sits at 7.1%, with participation at 64.1%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.1% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. The working-day population is estimated at 8,004, about 118% of the resident population, so the area draws in more workers than it sends out. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Pakenham - South East has a qualified labour force, with the construction sector showing significant representation, an unemployment rate of 7.1%, and a yearly jobs growth rate of 6.0%. By March 2026, 3,312 residents were employed, with unemployment tracking 2.4% higher than the Greater Melbourne average of 4.8%, and labor participation being notably lower (64.1% compared to 70.2% in Greater Melbourne). Census returns show a moderate 15.1% of workers performed duties from home, though this may have been influenced by COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. The primary employment fields for local residents are health care & social assistance, construction, and manufacturing.
The locality displays a high concentration of construction workers, employing 1.4 times the regional proportion. Conversely, professional & technical roles account for only 4.1% of the workforce, below the Greater Melbourne level of 10.1%. A ratio of 0.9 jobs for every resident at the time of the Census indicates strong local employment availability. According to AreaSearch analysis of SALM and ABS statistics, during the 12 months leading to March 2026, employment grew by 6.0% and the workforce expanded by 4.4%, leading to a decrease in unemployment by 1.4 percentage points. In comparison, Greater Melbourne registered jobs growth of 2.1% and a workforce expansion of 2.3%, with its unemployment rate rising by 0.2 percentage points. National forecasts from Jobs and Skills Australia dated May-25 offer additional perspective on prospective local demand. These five and ten-year projections have been applied to the local workforce structure to model future patterns. Although national employment is predicted to rise by 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, trends vary widely by industry. Applying these sectoral projections to the employment composition of Pakenham - South East suggests local employment will rise by 6.1% over five years and 12.9% over ten years (note that this is a simple weighted calculation for illustrative purposes and does not incorporate local demographic forecasts).
Frequently Asked Questions - Employment
Median household income in Pakenham - South East is $1,235 a week (about $64,000 a year), with median personal income at $674 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $54,227 a year against an average of $60,857. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.
Detail
Taxpayer income statistics for Pakenham - South East SA2 show a median of $54,227 and an average of $60,857, according to postcode-level ATO records compiled by AreaSearch for financial year 2023. These figures are below the national average, differing from Greater Melbourne's median of $57,688 and average of $75,164. Adjusting for a Wage Price Index rise of 9.62% since financial year 2023, estimates for March 2026 are approximately $59,444 for the median and $66,711 for the average. Census data places household, family, and personal incomes in Pakenham - South East within the 15th to 23rd percentiles across the country.
The most common weekly household income bracket is $1,500 - 2,999, containing 31.7% of households (2,155 people), which matches the Greater Melbourne proportion of 32.8%. Housing affordability challenges are high, with only 79.0% of household income remaining after housing costs, putting the area in the 12th percentile.
Frequently Asked Questions - Income
Pakenham - South East had 2,581 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 66% detached houses and 2% apartments. 32% are owned with a mortgage, 44% rented and 24% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $335 a week and the median mortgage repayment $1,517 a month. Rent absorbs 27.1% of household income here and mortgage repayments 28.3%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.
Detail
The dwelling mix in Pakenham - South East at the time of the Census consisted of 65.8% standalone houses and 34.3% alternative housing types (including townhouses, units, and other dwellings), compared to the Melbourne metropolitan profile of 67.9% houses and 32.1% alternative types. Home ownership levels in Pakenham - South East lagged the Melbourne metropolitan average, sitting at 24.1%, with the rest of the properties either mortgaged (32.1%) or leased (43.9%). The median monthly home loan repayment was $1,517, which is notably lower than the Melbourne metropolitan average of $2,000, while the median weekly rent was $335, compared to $390 across metropolitan Melbourne.
Nationally, mortgage costs in Pakenham - South East are lower than the Australian average of $1,863, and rents are below the national average of $375.
Frequently Asked Questions - Housing
Pakenham - South East counted 2,581 households at the 2021 Census, an estimated 2,725 today, averaging 2.3 people each. 23% are couples with children, fewer than in 76% of areas nationally, against 25% couples without children. 33% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.6 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Families make up 63.9% of local households, consisting of 23.2% couples with children, 25.4% couples without children, and 13.7% single parent households. The remaining 36.1% are non-family households, with single person households accounting for 32.7% and group households making up 3.3%. The median household occupancy of 2.3 residents is lower than the Greater Melbourne average of 2.6.
Frequently Asked Questions - Households
19.5% of adults in Pakenham - South East hold a university qualification, including 11.9% with a bachelor degree and 5.4% with postgraduate qualifications. A further 27.1% hold a vocational qualification. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Educational outcomes in the area show room for improvement, with university graduation rates at 19.5%, which is well below the Greater Melbourne average of 37.0%. This highlights a potential area for targeted educational programs. Bachelor degrees are the most common higher education qualification at 11.9%, followed by postgraduate degrees at 5.4% and graduate diplomas at 2.2%. Vocational qualifications are prominent, with 39.1% of residents aged 15 and over holding technical credentials, consisting of advanced diplomas at 12.0% and certificate level qualifications at 27.1%. A significant proportion of the population is engaged in study, with 29.5% of residents enrolled in an educational program.
This is composed of 10.0% attending primary school, 5.9% in high school, and 4.4% enrolled in higher education courses.
Frequently Asked Questions - Education
Schools Detail
Public transport in Pakenham - South East reaches 38 stops on 12 routes, timetabled for about 3,300 services a week. The typical home sits about 250 m from its nearest stop. Buses carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 1.1 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Analysis of the local network shows 38 active public transport nodes in Pakenham - South East, consisting of train and bus services. These locations are served by 12 distinct routes, which provide a total of 3,311 passenger services weekly. Local access is good, with residents living an average of 253 meters from the nearest stop. Due to the residential profile of the suburb, most workers commute out of the area, with private vehicles remaining the primary choice at 85%, and train travel at 8%. Car ownership averages 1.1 vehicles per household, which is lower than the metropolitan average.
Approximately 15.1% of residents worked from home at the time of the 2021 Census, which may reflect pandemic-era travel guidelines. Service frequency averages 473 daily trips across all public transport routes, which translates to about 87 weekly departures per active stop.
Frequently Asked Questions - Transport
Transport Stops Detail
64.0% of residents in Pakenham - South East report no long-term health condition. 6.2% need daily assistance with core activities, and 49.2% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 5.2 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.
Detail
Pakenham - South East faces notable health challenges, based on mortality and chronic illness statistics from AreaSearch, with general health conditions common across the population, though concentrated in older age groups. Additionally, private health insurance coverage is low at roughly 49% of the population (~3,345 people), compared to 56.7% in Greater Melbourne and a national average of 55.7%. Mental health concerns and arthritis represent the most prevalent diagnoses, affecting 9.8% and 9.4% of the population respectively, while 64.0% of residents reported having no long-term medical conditions, compared to 72.6% in Greater Melbourne.
The local working-age demographic faces significant health pressures with high rates of chronic illness. Residents aged 65 and over make up 19.8% of the local population (1,342 people), which is higher than the 15.0% average for Greater Melbourne. Health profiles among older residents present difficulties, though they rank more favorably on a national scale than the broader local community.
Frequently Asked Questions - Health
32.1% of Pakenham - South East residents were born overseas and 24.5% speak a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are English (27.5%) and Australian (24.1%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Cultural diversity in Pakenham - South East is higher than in most Australian suburbs, with 32.1% of residents born overseas and 24.5% speaking a language other than English in their homes. Christianity is the primary religion, followed by 42.6% of the local population. The most prominent religious variance is in the Other category, which represents 5.7% of the population compared to 2.3% across Greater Melbourne. Regarding parent birthplaces, the most common ancestries in Pakenham - South East are English at 27.5% (exceeding the regional average of 20.1%), Australian at 24.1% (exceeding the regional average of 18.4%), and Other at 14.1%.
There are also distinct concentrations of other communities: Dutch background makes up 2.2% of Pakenham - South East (compared to 1.2% regionally), Sri Lankan background is at 1.2% (compared to 0.8%), and Hungarian background is at 0.5% (compared to 0.3%).
Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity
The median resident of Pakenham - South East is 35, younger than 79% of areas nationally. 28.2% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.
Detail
The median age in Pakenham - South East is 35 years, which is slightly younger than Greater Melbourne's median of 37 and the national average of 38 years. The 75 - 84 age cohort is well represented at 8.2% of the population compared to Greater Melbourne, while the 15 - 24 age bracket is less common at 10.5%. Since 2021, the 35 to 44 age cohort has increased from 12.2% to 14.5% of the total population, whereas the 25 to 34 age bracket has fallen from 19.8% to 17.7%. Projections for 2041 indicate significant shifting demographics, with the 65 to 74 age group expected to grow by 381 people (69%) from 554 to 936.
Frequently Asked Questions - Age
Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Pakenham - South East
9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Aug 2026.
Everything is aggregated to the SA2 boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.
The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section
| Section | Source & update cycle | Currency |
|---|---|---|
| Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections | ||
| Population | ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to May 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline. | ||
| Age profile | ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to May 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate. | ||
| Development & approvals | ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) | Jun 2026 2 months ago headline measures · May 2026 baseline |
| Property sales & rents | Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents | Aug 2026 this month all 21 measures |
| Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Aug 2026. | ||
| Infrastructure projects | Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily | Aug 2026 this month all 3 projects tracked here |
| Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Aug 2026. | ||
| Employment | ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) | Mar 2026 5 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census. | ||
| Education | ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) | Aug 2026 this month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Transport | ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release | Jul 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Services & amenities | Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous | Jul 2026 last month all 14 measures |
| Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections | ||
| Income | ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) | FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail. | ||
| Health | ABS, ATO Annual | 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current. | ||
| Housing | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures |
| Households | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures |
| Cultural diversity | ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures |
"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.
How the numbers are built
Population
The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 758 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for May 2026, not a 2021 count (6,439 at the 2021 Census → 6,799 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.
Age profile
Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to May 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".
Property sales
Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.
Rents
Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.
Development & infrastructure
Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.
Employment & income
Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.
Education, transport & amenities
School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.
Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.
Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.
Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (212011551). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.