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This analysis uses ABS Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2) boundaries, which can materially differ from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) even when sharing similar names.
SA2 boundaries are defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and are designed to represent communities for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP).
Suburbs and Localities (SAL) represent commonly-used suburb/locality names (postal-style areas) and may use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.
est. as @ -- *
ABS ERP | -- people | --
2021 Census | -- people
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Emerald - Cockatoo has an estimated 19,069 residents, up from 18,633 at the 2021 Census — a change of 436 people, or 2.3%. 105 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. Density is about 51 people per square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.
Detail
AreaSearch indicates that the population of Emerald - Cockatoo stands at approximately 19,069 as of May 2026. This represents an expansion of 436 individuals (2.3%) from the 18,633 residents documented in the 2021 Census. This adjustment is calculated using the June 2025 ABS estimated resident population of 19,043 combined with 105 validated new addresses registered after the Census. The resulting population density is 51 persons per square kilometer, which points to a low-density living environment. The primary driver of this demographic expansion was natural growth, which accounted for roughly 51.1% of the overall population rise in recent times.
AreaSearch incorporates regional projections published in 2024 by the ABS and Geoscience Australia, utilizing 2022 as the base year. For any SA2 localities missing from this dataset, projections are derived from the 2023 VIC State Government Regional/LGA figures, adjusted using a weighted aggregation method to translate growth from LGA to SA2 boundaries. Age bracket growth trends from these calculations are also projected forward for the years 2032 to 2041. Future demographic modeling indicates that population growth will rank slightly below the median of all statistical areas assessed by AreaSearch, with the locality projected to add 1,107 residents by 2041 when measured against the most recent annual ERP statistics, representing a total expansion of 5.7% over the 16 years.
Frequently Asked Questions - Population
153 new dwellings have been approved in Emerald - Cockatoo over the past five years, an average of 30 a year. That is 1.6 approvals per 1,000 residents. Of the 25 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 84% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Approvals are currently running at an annualised 17, well below that longer-run average. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this SA2 boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.
Detail
Emerald - Cockatoo averages approximately 30 residential building approvals annually, with a total of 153 dwellings approved during the last 5 financial years (from FY-21 to FY-25) and 16 recorded during FY-26 so far. The local market appears well balanced as new housing supply aligns with demand, averaging 1.3 new residents per approved dwelling over the 5 financial years from FY-21 to FY-25. The average estimated construction cost for these new homes stands at $498,000, pointing to developer activity focused on high-end, premium projects. Furthermore, local business confidence is highlighted by $53.8 million in commercial development approvals registered during the current financial year.
Building approvals in Emerald - Cockatoo are considerably subdued compared to Greater Melbourne, tracking 84.0% below the metropolitan per capita average. This constrained pipeline of new supply typically helps maintain demand and support values for established properties. Activity is also below the national benchmark, reflecting the built-out character of the area and potential planning constraints. Of the recent construction, standalone houses make up 84.0% while medium and high-density dwellings account for the remaining 16.0%, preserving the traditional low-density neighborhood feel that attracts families. This represents a distinct departure from the current housing stock, which is 99.0% houses, showing a decrease in available development sites and reflecting shifting buyer preferences toward diverse and affordable choices. The quiet nature of the local building sector is illustrated by a ratio of 682 residents for every single dwelling approval. According to the latest quarterly estimates from AreaSearch, the population of Emerald - Cockatoo is projected to grow by 1,081 residents by 2041. Given ongoing construction trends, the supply of new housing is expected to easily accommodate this demand, creating favorable purchasing conditions and potentially paving the way for demographic growth that exceeds current forecasts.
Frequently Asked Questions - Development
Development applications around Emerald - Cockatoo
SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.
AreaSearch tracks 56 current infrastructure and development projects close to Emerald - Cockatoo, worth an estimated $14.8 billion. 19 are already under construction and 23 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, transport & logistics and communities, precincts & urban renewal. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.
Detail
Local infrastructure projects, planning schemes, and major developments are key drivers of regional performance. AreaSearch has identified 17 active projects likely to influence the local area. Key developments include Kaduna Park Estate, Arbor Officer, Golden Win Estate (formerly Starling Road Residential Subdivision), and Ridgelea Estate - Pakenham East, with details provided below on the most relevant schemes.
Professional plan users can use the search below to filter and access additional projects.
INFRASTRUCTURE SEARCH
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Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure
Officer Fields
Masterplanned residential community offering over 660 lots across four precincts including Robert's Run, the newest precinct now available. Features natural open spaces, Upper Gum Scrub Creek trail, and Pratincole Boulevard connecting the community. Development includes significant civil infrastructure upgrades to McMullen and Brown Roads.
The Rise Estate - Pakenham
Boutique greenfield subdivision in central Pakenham delivering 202 house and land lots alongside an 11,000 sqm local commercial precinct. Stages 1 and 2 were completed and handed over in November 2024, with many buyers already underway on their new homes. Stages 3 and 4 are in construction and progressing on schedule, with completion and handover anticipated across 2025 and 2026. The estate is marketed by KR Peters Real Estate with on-site sales at 110 Pakenham Road.
Maple Grove Estate
Masterplanned residential community in Pakenham East for approximately 3,200 residents. Features over 1,000 lots, 7.5 hectares of green space, a proposed primary school, community centre, and playgrounds. Located 550 metres from the new East Pakenham Train Station.
Arbor Officer
Premium residential development with 301 homes featuring six-leaf EnviroDevelopment certification, the only project in Cardinia Shire to achieve national certification in all six elements: ecosystems, waste, energy, materials, water and community. Located in Officer foothills with easy access to train station and town centre.
Ridgelea Estate - Pakenham East
Large masterplanned residential community in Pakenham East delivering 3,000+ lots with a future town centre, schools, community facilities and extensive open space. Early stages are under construction with Stage 7 and 10 selling. The estate connects to Princes Hwy and the new East Pakenham Station, with ongoing civil works and lot titling across multiple stages.
Berwick Village Major Activity Centre Structure Plan
City of Casey is progressing the Berwick Village Major Activity Centre Structure Plan to guide the long-term growth, land use, public realm, transport, heritage protection and housing outcomes for Berwick Village. Following community consultation on the draft plan during 2025, Council has continued refining the plan and associated planning scheme amendment, with adoption progressing through 2026 subject to State Government planning requirements.
Golden Win Estate (formerly Starling Road Residential Subdivision)
Golden Win Estate is a 36-lot residential subdivision on 3.53 hectares in central Officer. The development features lots averaging 382sqm and is positioned between Heritage College and Officer Recreation Reserve, 500 metres from the future Officer Town Centre. Infrastructure works are complete with individual lots being sold to builders and homebuyers.
Tivendale Road Residential Development
Permit approved 4.05 hectare residential subdivision site in Officer's high-growth corridor featuring endorsed plans for 55 residential lots with 195m frontage to Tivendale Road. The site has functional layout plans in place and is ready for development. Strategically positioned within walking distance to St Margarets Berwick Grammar, Officer Primary School, and Minaret College, with easy access to Princes Hwy, Officer Train Station (1.1km), and the future Officer Town Centre (520m).
11,244 residents of Emerald - Cockatoo are employed, from a labour force of 11,500. Unemployment sits at 2.2%, with participation at 74.5%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.2% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. The working-day population is estimated at 15,173, about 80% of the resident population, so more people leave the area for work than travel in. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
The local workforce is highly skilled, featuring strong representation in the construction sector, a low unemployment rate of 2.2%, and an estimated annual employment growth rate of 4.6%. By March 2026, there were 11,244 employed residents in the region, with the unemployment rate tracking 2.5% below the Greater Melbourne rate of 4.8%. The labor force participation rate stands at a standard 74.5%, compared to 70.2% across Greater Melbourne. Census data shows that 25.9% of the local workforce operated from home, though this figure was likely influenced by pandemic-related restrictions. The primary employment sectors for local residents are construction, health care & social assistance, and education & training.
The construction sector shows a particularly high concentration of workers, employing residents at 1.8 times the metropolitan average. Conversely, professional & technical services represent a relatively small share of employment at 6.2%, compared to the regional average of 10.1%. A comparison of the Census working population against the resident workforce suggests that local employment opportunities within the area are limited. AreaSearch analysis of SALM and ABS statistics shows that over the 12-month period, employment rose by 4.6% while the overall labor force grew by 4.5%, keeping the local unemployment rate stable. This contrasts with Greater Melbourne, which recorded employment growth of 2.1%, labor force expansion of 2.3%, and a 0.2 percentage point increase in its unemployment rate. National projections from Jobs and Skills Australia released in May-25 offer a baseline for future workforce demand in Emerald - Cockatoo. These five and ten-year forecasts have been applied to the local industry mix to model potential employment trends. Globally, national employment is projected to rise by 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, though individual sector growth rates vary. Projecting these industry-specific trends onto the local workforce mix suggests employment in Emerald - Cockatoo could grow by 6.2% over five years and 12.9% over ten years, representing a basic weighted extrapolation that does not account for specific local population forecasts.
Frequently Asked Questions - Employment
Median household income in Emerald - Cockatoo is $2,176 a week (about $113,000 a year), with median personal income at $870 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $57,595 a year against an average of $73,617. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.
Detail
The latest postcode-level ATO data released for the 2023 financial year indicates that taxpayers in the Emerald - Cockatoo SA2 earn a median income of $57,595 and an average income of $73,617. This exceeds the national average and compares to a median of $57,688 and an average of $75,164 across Greater Melbourne. Applying the Wage Price Index growth of 9.62% recorded since the 2023 financial year, current estimates as of March 2026 would be approximately $63,136 for the median and $80,699 for the average. Based on the 2021 Census, household, family, and individual incomes in the area sit around the 69th percentile nationwide.
The dominant income bracket is $1,500 - 2,999, containing 35.7% of residents (6,807 people), which is similar to the broader metropolitan region where 32.8% of the population falls into this range. Economic capacity is strong, with 30.3% of households earning weekly incomes above $3,000, which supports local retail spending. Residents retain 86.8% of their earnings after meeting housing costs, indicating high disposable income and placing the area in the 7th decile of the SEIFA income index.
Frequently Asked Questions - Income
Emerald - Cockatoo had 6,043 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 99% detached houses and 1% apartments. 57% are owned with a mortgage, 8% rented and 35% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $370 a week and the median mortgage repayment $1,980 a month. Rent absorbs 17.0% of household income here and mortgage repayments 21.0%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.
Detail
The local housing stock at the time of the latest Census consisted of 99.2% standalone houses and 0.9% other dwelling types like townhouses and apartments, compared to Greater Melbourne where houses make up 67.9% and other dwellings comprise 32.1%. Home ownership rates in Emerald - Cockatoo are significantly higher than the metropolitan average, with 35.4% of homes owned outright, 56.9% owned with a mortgage, and 7.6% rented. The median monthly mortgage payment was $1,980, which is below the metropolitan median of $2,000, while the median weekly rent was $370, compared to $390 across Greater Melbourne.
On a national scale, mortgage repayments in the area are higher than the Australian median of $1,863, whereas rents are lower than the national median of $375.
Frequently Asked Questions - Housing
Emerald - Cockatoo counted 6,043 households at the 2021 Census, averaging 2.9 people each. 44% are couples with children, more than in 86% of areas nationally, against 29% couples without children. 16% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.7 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Families make up the vast majority of local households at 82.0%, consisting of couples with children at 43.5%, couples without children at 29.0%, and single parents at 8.9%. Non-family households account for the remaining 18.0%, with single-person households representing 16.3% and group housing making up 1.7%. The median household size is 2.9 individuals, which is larger than the Greater Melbourne average of 2.6.
Frequently Asked Questions - Households
23.6% of adults in Emerald - Cockatoo hold a university qualification, including 16.1% with a bachelor degree and 4.3% with postgraduate qualifications. A further 28.4% hold a vocational qualification. 7 schools serve the area, with 2,226 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 1,036 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.
Detail
Educational attainment presents an area for development, as university qualification rates stand at 23.6%, which is lower than the Greater Melbourne average of 37.0%. Among these qualifications, bachelor degrees are the most common at 16.1%, followed by postgraduate degrees at 4.3% and graduate diplomas at 3.2%. Technical and trade qualifications are highly prevalent, with 41.3% of residents aged 15+ holding vocational credentials, consisting of advanced diplomas at 12.9% and certificates at 28.4%. Enrollment rates in formal education are high, with 31.5% of the population currently studying. This student population includes 11.3% in primary schools, 9.6% in secondary schools, and 4.1% enrolled in tertiary institutions.
Frequently Asked Questions - Education
Schools Detail
Public transport in Emerald - Cockatoo reaches 82 stops on 9 routes, timetabled for about 1,000 services a week. The typical home sits about 1,380 m from its nearest stop. Buses carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 2.2 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Public transport infrastructure consists of 82 active bus stops operating in Emerald - Cockatoo. These stops are served by 9 separate routes, which provide a total of 999 weekly passenger journeys. Public transport accessibility is low, with residents living an average of 1375 meters from the nearest stop. The area functions primarily as a residential commuter zone, with 95% of workers using private vehicles to travel. Households own an average of 2.2 vehicles, which is above the metropolitan average. A high proportion of residents (25.9%) worked from home, according to the 2021 Census, which may have been influenced by pandemic conditions.
Bus routes in the area provide an average of 142 daily services, which averages out to approximately 12 weekly trips per transit stop.
Frequently Asked Questions - Transport
Transport Stops Detail
68.6% of residents in Emerald - Cockatoo report no long-term health condition. 4.7% need daily assistance with core activities, and 55.4% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 5.1 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.
Detail
Health outcomes for the local population are generally positive. Analysis by AreaSearch of mortality rates and chronic conditions reveals results that align with national averages, showing low prevalence of common health problems among both younger and older cohorts. Additionally, private health insurance coverage is high, with approximately 55% of the population (~10,564 people) holding policies. Mental health conditions and asthma are the most common diagnoses, affecting 8.7% and 8.3% of the population, respectively. Meanwhile, 68.6% of residents reported having no chronic medical conditions, compared to 72.6% across Greater Melbourne. Health profiles for working-age residents are typical.
Residents aged 65 and over make up 18.4% of the population (3,512 people), which exceeds the 15.0% proportion seen in Greater Melbourne. Health outcomes among this older demographic are strong, ranking higher nationally than the general population.
Frequently Asked Questions - Health
Emerald - Cockatoo is largely Australian-born, at 85.3% of residents, with 4.7% speaking a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are English (30.8%) and Australian (30.0%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Cultural diversity in Emerald - Cockatoo tracks below the metropolitan average, with 85.3% of residents born in Australia, 89.5% holding citizenship, and 95.3% speaking only English at home. Christianity is the primary religious affiliation, representing 35.6% of the population. The most distinct relative overrepresentation is within the Jewish faith, which accounts for 0.2% of residents compared to 1.0% across Greater Melbourne. In terms of parental heritage, the three most common ancestries are English at 30.8% of the population (higher than the regional average of 20.1%), Australian at 30.0% (higher than the regional average of 18.4%), and Scottish at 8.1%.
Notable variations in other ancestries include Dutch representation at 3.1% (compared to 1.2% regionally), Hungarian at 0.5% (compared to 0.3% regionally), and Welsh at 0.7% (compared to 0.4% regionally).
Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity
The median resident of Emerald - Cockatoo is 41. 20.6% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.
Detail
The median age of residents is 41 years, which is higher than the Greater Melbourne average of 37 and the national median of 38. The local population has a high proportion of people in the 55 - 64 age bracket (14.0%) compared to the metropolitan average, while young adults aged 25 - 34 are underrepresented at 7.8%. Since the 2021 Census, the 75 to 84 age cohort has increased from 4.3% to 6.0% of the population, while the 25 to 34 age cohort has dropped from 9.9% to 7.8%. Future projections suggest significant demographic shifts by 2041.
The 75 to 84 age bracket is expected to grow the fastest, rising by 50% or 569 residents to reach 1,708. Residents aged 65 and over are projected to account for 68% of the total growth. Conversely, population numbers in the 15 to 24 and 25 to 34 cohorts are projected to shrink.
Frequently Asked Questions - Age
Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Emerald - Cockatoo
9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Aug 2026.
Everything is aggregated to the SA2 boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.
The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section
| Section | Source & update cycle | Currency |
|---|---|---|
| Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections | ||
| Population | ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to May 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline. | ||
| Age profile | ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to May 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate. | ||
| Development & approvals | ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) | Jun 2026 2 months ago headline measures · May 2026 baseline |
| Property sales & rents | Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents | Aug 2026 this month all 21 measures |
| Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Aug 2026. | ||
| Infrastructure projects | Infrastructure Australia, Local governments Daily | May 2026 3 months ago all 2 projects tracked here |
| Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated May 2026. | ||
| Employment | ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) | Mar 2026 5 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census. | ||
| Education | ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) | Aug 2026 this month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Transport | ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release | Jul 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Services & amenities | Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous | Jul 2026 last month all 14 measures |
| Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections | ||
| Income | ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) | FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail. | ||
| Health | ABS, ATO Annual | 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current. | ||
| Housing | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures |
| Households | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures |
| Cultural diversity | ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures |
"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.
How the numbers are built
Population
The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 105 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for May 2026, not a 2021 count (18,633 at the 2021 Census → 19,069 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.
Age profile
Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to May 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".
Property sales
Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.
Rents
Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.
Development & infrastructure
Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.
Employment & income
Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.
Education, transport & amenities
School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.
Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.
Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.
Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (212011289). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.