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This analysis uses ABS Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2) boundaries, which can materially differ from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) even when sharing similar names.
SA2 boundaries are defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and are designed to represent communities for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP).
Suburbs and Localities (SAL) represent commonly-used suburb/locality names (postal-style areas) and may use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.
est. as @ -- *
ABS ERP | -- people | --
2021 Census | -- people
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Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square has an estimated 21,449 residents, up from 21,043 at the 2021 Census — a change of 406 people, or 1.9%. 233 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. That puts 524 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.
Detail
According to research from AreaSearch, the resident count in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square stands at approximately 21,449 as of Aug 2026. This represents an addition of 406 people (1.9%) relative to the 2021 Census, when 21,043 people were recorded. This updated estimate is derived from the ABS estimated resident population of 21,370 registered as of June 2025 alongside 233 validated new addresses recorded following the Census. The resulting population density is 524 persons per square kilometer, indicating generous space per inhabitant and scope for additional building activity. With a 1.9% post-census rise, Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square trails the broader SA3 area (4.4%) by only 2.5 percentage points, highlighting sound growth momentum.
The primary catalyst for local demographic expansion was overseas migration, which made up roughly 79.2% of total recent population additions. Projections published by ABS/Geoscience Australia in 2024 using 2022 as their starting baseline have been incorporated by AreaSearch for each SA2. For SA2 territories where those figures are unavailable, AreaSearch applies the 2023 VIC State Government Regional/LGA projections, adjusting them through a weighted aggregation technique to translate LGA growth to the SA2 tier. Age-bracket expansion rates established through this process are similarly projected forward across all regions for the period spanning 2032 to 2041. Over the longer horizon, the region is projected to experience strong demographic growth placing it in the top quartile of non-metropolitan districts nationwide, with an estimated addition of 5,112 persons by 2041 according to the most recent annual ERP figures, translating to an overall expansion of 23.5% across the 16 years.
Frequently Asked Questions - Population
461 new dwellings have been approved in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square over the past five years, an average of 92 a year. That places the area in the 59th percentile for residential development activity nationally, about 4 approvals per 1,000 residents a year. Of the 92 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 64% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this SA2 boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.
Detail
Residential building approvals in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square have been running at an annual pace of roughly 92 dwellings, totaling 461 homes sanctioned over the past 5 financial years (between FY-22 and FY-26). Because the area welcomed an average of only 0.9 people per year for every dwelling constructed over the past 5 financial years (between FY-22 and FY-26), supply is keeping pace with or running ahead of local intake, broadening purchaser choice and creating capacity for demographic increases beyond present projections, with typical newly built homes carrying an expected construction cost of $369,000 in line with wider regional building levels.
Additionally, commercial development has remained moderate, supported by $21.0 million in commercial building approvals during this financial year. In comparison to Rest of Vic., per capita construction activity across Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square tracks at roughly 68%, ranking the locality within the 63rd percentile of evaluated areas across the country. Recent building approvals consist of 64.0% detached houses and 36.0% townhouses or apartments, demonstrating an increasing provision of medium-density formats that diversify price points between conventional standalone homes and lower-cost compact dwellings. This marks a notable pivot away from the existing housing stock (presently 91.0% houses), driven by a tightening supply of residential parcels while responding to evolving lifestyle preferences and purchasing power constraints. Yielding approximately 223 people per approval, Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square maintains low-density characteristics. According to the latest quarterly calculations from AreaSearch, Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square is projected to add 5,032 residents by 2041. If residential construction volumes do not accelerate beyond their current trajectory, local housing additions may fail to match population intake, potentially heightening competition among purchasers and sustaining upward pressure on values.
Frequently Asked Questions - Development
Development applications around Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square
SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.
AreaSearch tracks 17 current infrastructure and development projects inside Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square, worth an estimated $275 million. A further 71 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $5.21 billion. 32 are already under construction and 29 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, transport & logistics and education & training. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.
Detail
Urban performance is heavily guided by public works, capital investments, and strategic planning initiatives. AreaSearch has pinpointed a total of 36 key projects positioned to shape the locality. Notable developments include Kangaroo Flat Lifestyle Estate Expansion, Crusoe College Infrastructure, Kangaroo Flat Skate Park, and Flora Hill Housing Development, with the most critical works itemized below.
Professional plan users can use the search below to filter and access additional projects.
INFRASTRUCTURE SEARCH
Denotes AI-based impression for illustrative purposes only, not to be taken as definitive under any circumstances. Please follow links and conduct other investigations from the project's source for actual imagery. Developers and project owners wishing us to use original imagery please Contact Us and we will do so.
Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure
Kangaroo Flat Skate Park
New community skate park featuring beginner and intermediate skating zones with street-style elements, quarter pipes, ledges and rails. The project also includes seating, shelters, drinking fountains, shade structures, BBQ facilities and improved connections to the Bendigo Creek Trail and Gateway Park. Following Federal funding commitments, the City of Greater Bendigo has progressed the project into delivery, with construction now underway as part of the Council's active community infrastructure program.
Kangaroo Flat Lifestyle Estate Expansion
Expansion of the over-50s lifestyle estate adding 73 new units with stormwater infrastructure improvements. The $13.8 million development includes a new community centre, internal road, and amenities in a bushland setting. The project requires excavation of a stormwater basin due to 2022 flooding and involves removal of 1.2ha of native vegetation across the 5.84ha site. The existing estate has 249 homes with 300+ residents and features comprehensive facilities including clubhouse, heated pool, gym, bowling green and cinema.
Chum Street Remediation Project
Remediation and healing of Country for a 14-hectare former mining site in Golden Square, Bendigo, significantly degraded from gold mining activities since the 1850s. Delivered by Development Victoria in partnership with Dja Dja Wurrung Clans Aboriginal Corporation (DJAARA), City of Greater Bendigo, and the Environment Protection Authority Victoria. Detailed site investigations commenced in late March 2025 to better understand environmental and geotechnical challenges and to develop a Remediation Action Plan. Works will include remediation of mining-affected soil, capping of historic mineshafts, and rectification and naturalisation of the creek running across the site.Remediation works are scheduled for 2026, subject to change. Future community use of the site is yet to be determined.
Kangaroo Rise Estate
Boutique residential estate offering 55 lots over 2 stages ranging from 441mý to 1038mý for family homes, located on the Melbourne side of Bendigo with rural outlook and highway access. Services include power, town water, sewer and NBN with no onerous covenants.
Bendigo Depot Facility Redevelopment
Redevelopment and modernisation of the regional transport maintenance depot and operational facilities in Bendigo. The works include new bus and heavy vehicle maintenance bays, refurbished administrative offices, and upgraded operational staging infrastructure to support expanded public transport services.
Kangaroo Flat Mine Site Rehabilitation
Environmental rehabilitation of former mine sites in Kangaroo Flat area including soil remediation, revegetation, and conversion to recreational or community use spaces.
Golden Rise Bendigo
Golden Rise Bendigo is a masterplanned seniors living community by Mercy Health in Golden Square. Stage 1 is established and Stages 2 and 3 are now being released and sold, with contemporary two and three bedroom villas, a community hub, landscaped gardens and co-located aged care services at Mercy Place Bethlehem. The completed community is planned to provide around 185 independent living homes.
Former Golden Square Primary School Redevelopment
Redevelopment of the former 1.2ha Golden Square Primary School site. Planning Scheme Amendment C241gben, which rezoned part of the land from Public Use Zone to Residential Growth Zone to facilitate the sale of the surplus government land for residential development, was gazetted in June 2024. The development will include medium-density housing and retain the Victorian-era school building for non-residential use.
9,586 residents of Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square are employed, from a labour force of 10,095. Unemployment sits at 5.0%, with participation at 56.8%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.2% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
The local labour market in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square is characterized by qualified workers and solid representation across essential services, featuring a jobless rate of 5.0% alongside an estimated 1.0% expansion in employment over the preceding year. There were 9,586 employed residents as of March 2026, with unemployment tracking 1.4% higher than the Regional Vic. benchmark of 3.7% and overall labour force participation lagging behind at 56.8% versus 61.1% in Regional Vic.. Census returns indicated that only 13.3% of workers carried out their duties from home, though this figure was captured during Covid-19 restrictions.
The primary industry sectors employing local residents are health care & social assistance, retail trade, and manufacturing. Notably, the locality demonstrates strong specialization in manufacturing, where employment concentration is 1.4 times the regional standard. Conversely, agriculture, forestry & fishing accounts for a minor share, engaging only 1.5% of workers in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square against 7.5% across Regional Vic.. Comparing Census counts of resident workers with local operational jobs suggests an area with constrained domestic employment opportunities. According to AreaSearch evaluations of SALM and ABS figures, the period ending March 2026 saw a 1.0% rise in employment and a 0.8% expansion in the labour force, which pushed the unemployment rate down by 0.3 percentage points. In contrast, Regional Vic. experienced a 0.1% decline in employment, a 0.3% contraction of the labour force, and a 0.2 percentage point reduction in unemployment. Jobs and Skills Australia’s national employment projections from Mar-26 provide additional context regarding anticipated future demand in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square. These forecasts span five and ten year horizons and have been overlaid with the area’s existing employment composition to gauge likely growth trajectories. Nationally, employment is projected to grow by 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, though expansion varies considerably across different industry sectors. When these sectoral trends are applied to the employment structure of Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square, local employment is expected to rise by 6.2% over five years and 13.3% over ten years, though this represents a basic weighted extrapolation for demonstration only and does not incorporate localized population projections.
Frequently Asked Questions - Employment
Median household income in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square is $1,238 a week (about $64,000 a year), with median personal income at $676 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $50,274 a year against an average of $57,486. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.
Detail
According to the most recent postcode-based ATO figures released for financial year 2023 and analyzed by AreaSearch, taxpayers in the Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square SA2 recorded a median income of $50,274 alongside a mean of $57,486. These earnings sit below nationwide benchmarks, while comparing against a median of $50,954 and an average of $62,728 across Regional Vic.. Factoring in Wage Price Index growth of 9.62% recorded since financial year 2023, updated estimates reach roughly $55,110 for the median and $63,016 for the average as of March 2026. Based on 2021 Census data, local household, family, and individual income tiers sit between the 16th and 23rd percentiles across Australia.
The single largest income group, accounting for 29.5% (6,327 residents), earns between $1,500 - 2,999 weekly, which aligns with the regional proportion of 30.3%. Financial pressure related to housing is pronounced, with an income retention level of 84.8% placing the district in the 17th percentile.
Frequently Asked Questions - Income
Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square had 8,582 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 91% detached houses and 2% apartments. 32% are owned with a mortgage, 32% rented and 36% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $290 a week and the median mortgage repayment $1,300 a month. Rent absorbs 23.4% of household income here and mortgage repayments 24.2%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.
Detail
According to records from the most recent Census, the residential makeup of Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square consisted of 90.6% standalone houses and 9.3% alternative formats (including semi-detached units, apartments, and other dwellings), which aligns closely with the 90.1% houses and 9.9% other dwellings observed in Regional Vic.. Outright home ownership trailed the wider region, accounting for 36.3% of homes, while 32.2% were held under a mortgage and 31.5% were occupied by tenants. Typical monthly home loan payments in the district were lower than the Regional Vic. benchmark at $1,300, while median weekly rental costs stood at $290, against regional figures of $1,430 and $285 respectively.
Relative to Australian benchmarks, mortgage costs in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square remain well below the national median of $1,863, with rents also significantly under the nationwide figure of $375.
Frequently Asked Questions - Housing
Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square counted 8,582 households at the 2021 Census, averaging 2.2 people each. 22% are couples with children, fewer than in 80% of areas nationally, against 26% couples without children. 33% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.8 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Households structured around families constitute the majority at 63.2%, consisting of couples with children (22.2%), couples without children (26.3%), and single parent families (13.5%). The remaining 36.8% is made up of non-family living arrangements, where lone person households represent 33.4% and group shared households make up 3.4%. With a median of 2.2 people per residence, typical household size tracks below the Regional Vic. figure of 2.4.
Frequently Asked Questions - Households
18.6% of adults in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square hold a university qualification, including 12.6% with a bachelor degree and 3.3% with postgraduate qualifications. A further 28.2% hold a vocational qualification. 9 schools serve the area, with 2,492 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 958 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.
Detail
Tertiary educational attainment presents a distinct local challenge, as the share of residents holding university qualifications (18.6%) sits well below the VIC benchmark of 33.4%, highlighting a key focus area for targeted educational strategies. Attainment is led by bachelor degrees at 12.6%, alongside postgraduate qualifications at 3.3% and graduate diplomas at 2.7%. Vocational education maintains a substantial footprint, with 38.5% of people aged 15+ holding technical credentials, comprising advanced diplomas (10.3%) and certificates (28.2%). Enrolment across formal learning institutions remains strong, with 26.9% of all residents currently pursuing education. Broken down by level, primary schooling accounts for 9.6%, secondary schooling represents 7.3%, and tertiary studies engage 3.1% of the population.
Frequently Asked Questions - Education
Schools Detail
Public transport in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square reaches 134 stops on 14 routes, timetabled for about 3,300 services a week. The typical home sits about 300 m from its nearest stop. Buses carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 1.3 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
An assessment of public transit infrastructure identifies 134 active transit stops across Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square, encompassing train connectivity. Across 14 distinct routes, the network generates 3,293 weekly passenger trips. Overall transport access is favorable, with residents generally residing 295 meters from their nearest transit departure point. Outward commuting characterizes this largely residential area, where private vehicles serve as the principal transit mode at 94%. Households maintain an average of 1.3 vehicles, which is below the wider regional standard. Meanwhile, working from home was reported by 13.3% of the workforce (2021 Census; potentially influenced by COVID-19 settings).
Across the entire network, service operations run at an average rate of 470 trips per day, which translates to roughly 24 weekly trips per individual stop. The accompanying mapping illustrates the 100 nearest transit stops surrounding the focal centerpoint.
Frequently Asked Questions - Transport
Transport Stops Detail
58.1% of residents in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square report no long-term health condition, a less healthy profile than 83% of areas nationally. 9.0% need daily assistance with core activities, and 47.6% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 5.9 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.
Detail
AreaSearch evaluations of mortality statistics and chronic health patterns indicate meaningful health headwinds in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square, with widespread instances of standard health conditions apparent among younger and older demographics alike. Private health insurance participation is particularly low, covering roughly 48% of the local population (~10,209 people), which sits below the Regional Vic. rate of 50.5% and the national standard of 55.7%. Mental health conditions and arthritis represent the two most prevalent diagnosed ailments locally, impacting 11.5 and 11.3% of the community respectively, while 58.1% of residents reported having no long-term health conditions, compared to 63.4% across Regional Vic..
Chronic ailments are notably elevated among residents of working age. Furthermore, seniors aged 65 and over account for 24.6% of the population (5,285 people), facing specific health pressures while tracking broadly in line with nationwide age-matched indicators.
Frequently Asked Questions - Health
Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square is largely Australian-born, at 88.8% of residents, with 8.0% speaking a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are English (32.7%) and Australian (30.2%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Cultural diversity measures in Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square track below broader averages, with 89.3% holding Australian citizenship, 88.8% born domestically, and 92.0% communicating solely in English at home. The most widely reported faith is Christianity, accounting for 46.2% of residents. The most noticeable elevated representation appears in the Other category, which represents 1.0% of local residents against 0.8% across Regional Vic.. Looking at parental lineage, the leading ancestry backgrounds recorded across Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square are English (32.7%), Australian (30.2%), and Irish (9.0%). Clear variations emerge among other backgrounds as well: Scottish ancestry is notably represented at 8.7% of the community (versus 8.8% regionally), Welsh accounts for 0.5% (versus 0.4%), and Serbian represents 0.2% (versus 0.2%).
Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity
The median resident of Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square is 42. 24.1% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.
Detail
Demographically, Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square exhibits a younger profile than Regional Vic. taken together. Residents aged 25 - 44 represent 26.8% of the community as at August 2026, compared to 23.1% throughout Regional Vic., while those in the 45 - 64 bracket constitute 21.2% versus a regional proportion of 24.4%. AreaSearch calculates the median age at 42 as at August 2026, matching the 2021 Census baseline and sitting 1 year below the Regional Vic. level of 43 observed in that Census. The most pronounced shift across major age categories since the Census is the reduction in mature adults and younger retirees, declining from 22.7% to an estimated 21.2%.
Projections to 2041 indicate that the 25 - 44 age cohort will drive the bulk of expansion, adding 2,574 residents (45%) to reach 8,312.
Frequently Asked Questions - Age
Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Kangaroo Flat - Golden Square
9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Oct 2026.
Everything is aggregated to the SA2 boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.
The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section
| Section | Source & update cycle | Currency |
|---|---|---|
| Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections | ||
| Population | ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) | Aug 2026 2 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to Aug 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline. | ||
| Age profile | ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual | Aug 2026 2 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to Aug 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate. | ||
| Development & approvals | ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) | Aug 2026 2 months ago headline measures · Jul 2026 baseline |
| Property sales & rents | Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents | Oct 2026 this month headline measures · Sep 2026 baseline |
| Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Oct 2026. | ||
| Infrastructure projects | Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily | Aug 2026 2 months ago all 17 projects tracked here |
| Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Aug 2026. | ||
| Employment | ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) | Mar 2026 7 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census. | ||
| Education | ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) | Sep 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Transport | ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release | Jul 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Services & amenities | Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous | Sep 2026 last month all 14 measures |
| Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections | ||
| Income | ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) | FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail. | ||
| Health | ABS, ATO Annual | 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current. | ||
| Housing | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures |
| Households | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures |
| Cultural diversity | ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures |
"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.
How the numbers are built
Population
The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 233 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for Aug 2026, not a 2021 count (21,043 at the 2021 Census → 21,449 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.
Age profile
Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to Aug 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".
Property sales
Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.
Rents
Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.
Development & infrastructure
Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.
Employment & income
Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.
Education, transport & amenities
School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.
Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.
Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.
Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (202011022). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.