Southern Highlands

SA2

Rest of NSW / Southern Highlands

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Data Sources ABSValuer GeneralRental BoardACARA Newest Sep 2026 · Refreshed ABS QuickStats 114021289 How we calculate this
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Statistical Area (SA2) Boundary Analysis

This analysis uses ABS Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2) boundaries, which can materially differ from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) even when sharing similar names.

SA2 boundaries are defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and are designed to represent communities for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP).

Suburbs and Localities (SAL) represent commonly-used suburb/locality names (postal-style areas) and may use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.

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Sales ActivityProperty Sales Trends in Southern Highlands

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The median house price in Southern Highlands is $1.25m, with units at $895k. House values have moved 1.7% a year compounded over five years.

Curious about local property values? Filter the chart to assess the volume and appreciation (including resales) trends and regional comparisons, or scroll to the map below view this information at an individual property level.

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DemographicsPopulation Growth in Southern Highlands

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Southern Highlands has an estimated 7,465 residents, up from 7,250 at the 2021 Census — a change of 215 people, or 3.0%. Growth has averaged 0.9% a year over five years. 128 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. Fewer than ten people live on each square kilometre, across a boundary that takes in surrounding rural land. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.

Detail

As of Aug 2026, AreaSearch estimates the population of Southern Highlands at roughly 7,465 residents. This represents an addition of 215 people (3.0%) relative to the 2021 Census tally of 7,250 people. The updated estimate is derived from the ABS estimated resident population of 7,453 recorded in June 2025 alongside 128 validated new addresses registered following the Census. The district maintains a low-density living environment with 5.3 persons per square kilometer, ensuring spacious residential settings. With a 3.0% expansion rate since the 2021 census, Southern Highlands outpaced the broader SA3 area (2.6%) to emerge as a local growth standout.

Net interstate migration served as the primary growth driver, accounting for roughly 69.2% of total population additions in recent times. SA2 geographic modeling incorporates ABS/Geoscience Australia projections released in 2024 (benchmarked to 2022), supplemented by 2022 NSW State Government SA2 series (using 2021 as the base year) wherever coverage gaps exist. In addition, age-specific growth trajectories from these sources are projected across all localities for the period spanning 2032 to 2041. Based on expected demographic trends, the locality is set to exceed the median expansion rate for regional Australian districts, expanding by 1,239 persons to 2041 according to recent annual ERP data, which equates to an overall gain of 16.4% over 16 years.

Frequently Asked Questions - Population

What is the latest population estimate for the Southern Highlands SA2?
Total population for the Southern Highlands SA2 was estimated to be approximately 7,465 as at Aug 26. This is based upon an estimated resident population of 7,453 from the ABS up to June 2025.
How has the population in the Southern Highlands SA2 changed since 2021?
The southern highlands sa2 has added approximately 215 people and shown a 2.97% increase from the 7,250 people recorded at the 2021 Census period.
What is the population density in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The population density in the Southern Highlands SA2 is estimated at 5 persons per square kilometer based on the latest population estimate.
How much has the population grown over the past 10 years in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Over the past 10 years, the population in the Southern Highlands SA2 has shown a compound annual growth rate of 1.2% per annum.
What are the main drivers of population growth in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Population growth in the Southern Highlands SA2 is driven by: Interstate migration (69.2%), Overseas migration (30.8%), Natural increase (0.0%). The primary driver is Interstate migration, contributing 69.2% of overall population gains.

Residential SupplyHousing Development & Building Approvals in Southern Highlands

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289 new dwellings have been approved in Southern Highlands over the past five years, an average of 57 a year. That places the area in the 55th percentile for residential development activity nationally, about 8 approvals per 1,000 residents a year. Of the 57 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 89% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this SA2 boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.

Detail

Residential planning permissions in Southern Highlands have tracked at approximately 57 dwellings annually, reaching 289 homes across the past 5 financial years. Local demand has aligned neatly with supply between FY-22 and FY-26, with 1.1 people arriving per year for each new dwelling constructed over those 5 financial years, reinforcing market equilibrium. New construction has centered heavily on high-end stock, featuring an average dwelling construction value of $636,000. On the commercial front, building approvals generated $1.8 million this financial year, reflecting subdued non-residential development. Per-capita development activity in Southern Highlands exceeded the Rest of NSW benchmark by 31.0% over the 5 year period, sustaining housing variety and protecting existing asset values despite a recent cooling in approval volumes.

The construction pipeline remains dominated by low-density housing forms, with standalone homes comprising 89.0% and townhouses or apartments making up 11.0%, catering directly to space-seeking family demographics. With approximately 221 people per approval, the district retains a distinctly low-density profile. According to the latest quarterly projections from AreaSearch, Southern Highlands is expected to add 1,227 residents through to 2041. The prevailing pace of residential construction appears well positioned to absorb this anticipated population expansion, creating favorable conditions for property purchasers and providing capacity to accommodate growth exceeding current projections.

Frequently Asked Questions - Development

How many dwelling approvals have occurred in the Southern Highlands SA2 recently?
Dwelling approval activity in the the Southern Highlands SA2 area has seen 71 residential approvals over the past two financial years, based on AreaSearch's SA2 aggregation method. The Southern Highlands SA2's current population of 7,465 has been supported by 57 approvals on average over recent years.
How does the Southern Highlands SA2's development activity compare to the broader region?
The Southern Highlands SA2 has seen 0.8 approvals per 100 people in recent years, compared to 0.56 approvals in the broader region. This means that one dwelling has been approved for every 221 people in the Southern Highlands SA2, compared to one for every 183 in the broader region.
Is the Southern Highlands SA2 keeping up with housing demand?
With the population expected to increase by 1,227 people by 2041, around 614 new dwellings will be necessary. Recent approval levels appear broadly sufficient to meet these forecasts, considering the census average of 2.0 persons per dwelling.
What has been the trend in development approvals over the past five years in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Looking at development activity over the past five years, the Southern Highlands SA2's approval levels have been significantly below the yearly average of 57, showing a notable downturn in recent development.
How many dwellings will be needed to accommodate future population growth in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The population in the Southern Highlands SA2 is expected to grow by 1,227 people by 2041, necessitating approximately 614 new dwellings. This calculation is based on the current census average of 2.0 persons per dwelling in the area.
How does recent development compare to population growth in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Over the past five years, the population in the Southern Highlands SA2 has grown by approximately 1,902 people, while 289 residential approvals were recorded. This equates to a ratio of 6.6 people added for each new dwelling approval. This high ratio suggests strong population growth relative to housing supply, potentially indicating unmet housing demand.
Are there opportunities for residential developers in the Southern Highlands SA2?
With dwelling approval activity running at an average of 57 approvals per year and a population of 7,465, the market appears to be reasonably balanced between supply and demand, presenting moderate opportunities for well-positioned developments. With the population expected to increase by 1,227 people by 2041, around 614 new dwellings will be necessary. Current approval trends may be insufficient to meet forecast demand, indicating strong development opportunities.
Approvals Pipeline Development applications near Southern Highlands

Development applications around Southern Highlands

Development approvals is a new addition to AreaSearch. We’re actively expanding council coverage and refining the dataset — details and statuses for some councils may be partial. Check back regularly for the latest pipeline.
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SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.

Project PipelineInfrastructure & Major Projects in Southern Highlands

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AreaSearch tracks 2 current infrastructure and development projects inside Southern Highlands, worth an estimated $30 million. A further 125 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $18.3 billion. 39 are already under construction and 52 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, communities, precincts & urban renewal and transport & logistics. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.

Detail

Local capital works, master planning, and infrastructure upgrades play a decisive role in shaping the district's trajectory. AreaSearch has pinpointed 24 major projects positioned to influence the locality. Notable undertakings include the Moss Vale Bypass, Bundanoon Village Place Plan, Moss Vale Station and Stabling Yard Upgrade, and the Southern Highlands Innovation Park (SHIP), with detailed reviews of key developments set out below.

Professional plan users can use the search below to filter and access additional projects.

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Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure

What are some of the major infrastructure and planning changes likely to influence the Southern Highlands SA2?
Key infrastructure and planning changes likely to influence the Southern Highlands SA2 include: Bundanoon Village Place Plan (Planning); Southern Highlands Innovation Park (SHIP) (Planning); Moss Vale Bypass (Planning); Moss Vale Station and Stabling Yard Upgrade (Construction); and Argyle Street Terraces, Moss Vale (Approved). These projects represent significant developments that will shape the area's future infrastructure landscape.
What types of infrastructure projects are impacting the Southern Highlands SA2?
Infrastructure development impacting the Southern Highlands SA2 spans multiple sectors including Environmental & Disaster Management, Transport & Logistics, and Residential Development, among others.
What is the scale of infrastructure investment impacting the Southern Highlands SA2?
Infrastructure investment analysis indicates substantial capital deployment exceeding $1.0 billion in projects that will impact the extended area.
How does the Southern Highlands SA2's infrastructure development compare to other areas?
The Southern Highlands SA2 shows moderate infrastructure development relative to national averages, with opportunities for future growth and investment.
Bundanoon Village Place Plan
Category: Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Under Assessment | Est. Comp: 2026
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Strategic village place plan prepared by Wingecarribee Shire Council with the Bundanoon community to guide future housing, main street design, public spaces, traffic and the local economy for Bundanoon village. The Draft Place Plan completed a third round of engagement, Public Exhibition, from 25 May to 22 June 2026, following two earlier rounds held from December 2024 and in November 2025. Submissions are now being reviewed, after which the plan will be reported to Council seeking adoption.The plan will inform future zoning changes, infrastructure priorities and funding bids across the Bundanoon village centre and surrounding residential areas.

Precincts & Urban Renewal

Woodside Bundanoon
Category: Communities
Stage: Completed | Est. Comp: 2025
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Woodside Bundanoon is an architecturally designed strata title village for active over-55s in the Southern Highlands, offering 2 and 3 bedroom single-level homes with indoor and outdoor entertaining areas, double-glazed windows, European appliances, and underfloor heating. Communal facilities include landscaped gardens, a community garden with raised vegetable beds, and a pavilion for social gatherings. The village is pet-friendly and situated adjacent to Warrigal Bundanoon aged care services. Finished homes are available for inspection and purchase.

Communities

Southern Highlands Innovation Park (SHIP)
Category: Business Parks & Technology Hubs
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 2045
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

A regionally significant 1,053-hectare employment precinct located between Moss Vale and Berrima. Following the adoption of the Master Plan in March 2025, the project is currently undergoing a rezoning process to transition 56 hectares of land from E4 General Industrial to E3 Productivity Support. This rezoning aims to establish an Activity Node and Creative Hub to support small-to-medium enterprises and creative industries while providing a compatible transition to nearby residential areas.

Business Parks & Technology Hubs

Argyle Street Terraces, Moss Vale
Category: Communities
Stage: Approved | Est. Comp: 0
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

DA-approved medium density project in Moss Vale delivering 50 double-storey terraces and villas on a 2.1ha site at 603 Argyle Street. The approval, granted in early 2024 following a 2022 lodgement, provides for six free-standing homes fronting Argyle Street with townhouses and villas set behind, a central village green, and solar photovoltaic panels on each home. Architects Bonus + Associates and interior designer Duet were engaged by developer Traders In Purple. As of mid-2026 the project no longer appears on the developer's active project portfolio and the prior commercial listing for the site has been removed, consistent with the site having been marketed for sale in 2025.No construction start date or confirmed delivery timetable is currently available.

Communities

Ashbourne Moss Vale
Category: Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 2028
Source / Links: Link 1   

A master-planned residential community in Moss Vale, featuring over 1,200 prestige homes and land lots, more than 20% green open spaces, recreational areas, walking and cycling trails, and a village hub with specialty shops and potential childcare centre.

Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal

57-61 Throsby Street Moss Vale Development
Category: Residential Development
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 0

New residential development project in central Moss Vale location on Throsby Street providing additional housing opportunities for the growing Southern Highlands community.

Residential Development

Moss Vale Resource Recovery Facility
Category: Environmental & Disaster Management
Stage: Under Assessment | Est. Comp: 0
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

State Significant Development by Purple Cow Industries for construction and operation of resource recovery facility processing up to 200,000 tonnes per year of commercial and industrial, construction and demolition, household clean-up and tyre waste. Purple Cow Industries is a Sydney-based waste management company with $7.3M annual revenue led by CEO Alex Soukie.

Environmental & Disaster Management

Ashbourne Master-Planned Community
Category: Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 0
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

124 hectare master-planned residential community developed by Novm (formerly Aoyuan International). When complete, will feature over 1,200 prestige homes and land lots ranging from 450sqm to 2,000sqm with over 3.2 hectares of green open space and 7.7km of walkways and cycle paths. Stage 1 sold out with 143 lots in late 2021, Stage 2A land registration on track for first half of 2026. Located 3.5km from Moss Vale town centre with landscape-led masterplanning showcasing healthy lifestyle philosophy.Features planned village hub with specialty shops, potential childcare centre, playgrounds, and recreational facilities. Led by development manager Angela Villate and CEO Adrian Liaw.

Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal

Jobs & IndustryEmployment Trends in Southern Highlands

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3,487 residents of Southern Highlands are employed, from a labour force of 3,526. Unemployment sits at 1.1%, with participation at 55.0%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.3% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. The working-day population is estimated at 6,666, about 89% of the resident population, so more people leave the area for work than travel in. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.

Detail

The workforce in the Southern Highlands is notably well-educated, with the construction industry showing particularly strong representation. Unemployment remains low at 1.1%, and employment conditions have stayed relatively stable throughout the previous year. By March 2026, the number of residents employed stands at 3,487. This area's unemployment rate sits at 3.0%, which is 1.1 percentage points lower than the 4.1% rate recorded across Regional NSW. However, workforce participation is considerably lower than the regional average, standing at 55.0% versus 60.6% for Regional NSW. According to Census data, a substantial 30.5% of residents work from home, though this figure should be viewed with caution due to the lingering effects of Covid-19 lockdowns.

Resident employment centers primarily on construction, health care & social assistance, and professional & technical services. Professional & technical roles show exceptional representation, exceeding the regional average by 1.8 times. Conversely, health care & social assistance accounts for 12.3% of local employment against 16.9% regionally. A comparison between the Census local working population and resident counts highlights limited internal employment opportunities within the area. Analysis by AreaSearch using ABS and SALM series shows that during the 12 months to March 2026, local employment grew by 0.3% and the labor force grew by 1.0%, lifting unemployment by 0.7 percentage points. Over the same span, Regional NSW saw employment decline by 0.9% and labor force contract by 0.4%, alongside a 0.5 percentage point rise in unemployment. National outlooks published by Jobs and Skills Australia in Mar-26 provide forward visibility into potential workforce requirements for Southern Highlands across five- and ten-year horizons. Nationally, employment is projected to rise 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, though sectoral rates vary substantially. Extrapolating these industry trends against the local industry baseline suggests local employment growth of 6.3% over five years and 13.1% over ten years (note that this weighting exercise is illustrative and excludes local demographic forecasts).

Frequently Asked Questions - Employment

What is the employment situation in the Southern Highlands SA2?
As of March 2026, the Southern Highlands SA2 has approximately 3,487 employed residents with an unemployment rate of 1.1%. This very low unemployment rate indicates a tight labour market with strong demand for workers. The area ranks in the top 25% nationally for employment performance, indicating a robust job market.
How does the Southern Highlands SA2's unemployment rate compare to the broader region?
As of March 2026, the unemployment rate in the Southern Highlands SA2 stands at 1.1%, which is 3.0 percentage points below Regional NSW's rate of 4.1%. This lower unemployment rate suggests stronger local employment conditions. For comparison, the national unemployment rate is 4.2%.
What are the major employment sectors in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The employment landscape in the Southern Highlands SA2 is dominated by several key sectors. The largest employers are construction (13.7% of employment), health care & social assistance (12.3%), and professional & technical (9.4%). Other significant employers include education & training and retail trade.
How has employment changed recently in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Over the past year to March 2026, the Southern Highlands SA2 has experienced employment growth, with total employment increasing while the labour force increased. As a result, the unemployment rate has rise. By comparison, Regional NSW saw employment decreased and its unemployment rate rose.
What is the workforce participation rate in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The workforce participation rate in the Southern Highlands SA2 is 55.0%, which represents the proportion of working-age residents who are either employed or actively seeking work. This moderate participation rate suggests some residents may face barriers to workforce entry. The local rate trailing the Regional NSW average of 60.6%, suggesting potential for increased workforce participation.
Which industries are over-represented in the Southern Highlands SA2's employment market?
The southern highlands sa2 shows notable specialization in professional & technical, which employs 9.4% of the local workforce compared to 5.1% regionally. This concentration suggests the area has developed competitive advantages in this sector. The area also shows above-average employment in 1 other sectors, contributing to a distinctive economic profile.
What are the employment growth prospects for the Southern Highlands SA2?
Based on Jobs and Skills Australia projections applied to the Southern Highlands SA2's industry mix, employment is expected to grow by 6.3% over the next five years and 13.1% over ten years. This compares to national growth expectations of 6.6% over five years. Steady growth is anticipated across multiple sectors, providing diverse employment opportunities.
How does the job market in the Southern Highlands SA2 compare nationally?
The southern highlands sa2's employment market shows strong performance nationally, ranking in the top 25% of areas assessed by AreaSearch. This indicates robust employment conditions and economic vitality compared to other regions. Recent job advertisement trends show the broader employment region saw a 0.9% decline, ranking 18.0th out of 37 regions nationally.
What employment opportunities exist for skilled workers in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Skilled workers will find good opportunities in the Southern Highlands SA2, with skilled sectors accounting for 34.5% of employment. Key sectors for skilled workers include health care & social assistance (12.3%), professional & technical (9.4%), and education & training (9.1%). With projected employment growth of 6.3% over five years, demand for skilled workers is expected to remain strong.

EarningsHousehold Income in Southern Highlands

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Median household income in Southern Highlands is $1,574 a week (about $82,000 a year), with median personal income at $757 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $48,955 a year against an average of $73,010. The average runs 49% above the median, a wider spread than most areas and a sign of a concentrated group of high earners. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.

Detail

Postcode-level ATO statistics compiled by AreaSearch for financial year 2023 place the median taxpayer income in Southern Highlands SA2 at $48,955 and the average at $73,010, outstripping national benchmarks and contrasting with Regional NSW's median of $52,390 and average of $65,215. Applying cumulative Wage Price Index growth of 10.32% since financial year 2023 yields estimated values of roughly $54,007 (median) and $80,545 (average) as of March 2026. Per the 2021 Census, personal, family, and household income distributions fell between the 39th and 39th percentiles nationally. The $1,500 - 2,999 weekly earnings bracket accounts for 27.8% of local earners (2,075 individuals), close to the broader regional proportion of 29.9%.

Local households retain 86.7% of earnings after housing commitments, though disposable income tracks in the 43rd percentile and the SEIFA income metric sits in the 7th decile.

Frequently Asked Questions - Income

What is the median taxable income in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated median taxable income in the Southern Highlands SA2 is approximately $54,007. The official ATO data from FY-23 recorded a median of $48,955.
What is the average taxable income in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated average taxable income in the Southern Highlands SA2 is approximately $80,545. The official ATO data from FY-23 recorded an average of $73,010.
How does the median taxable income in the Southern Highlands SA2 compare to the region?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated median taxable income in the Southern Highlands SA2 is approximately $54,007 compared to $57,797 in Regional NSW. The official ATO data from FY-23 shows $48,955 and $52,390 respectively.
How does the average taxable income in the Southern Highlands SA2 compare to the region?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated average taxable income in the Southern Highlands SA2 is approximately $80,545 compared to $71,945 in Regional NSW. The official ATO data from FY-23 shows $73,010 and $65,215 respectively.
What are the main income cohorts in the Southern Highlands SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
As per the 2021 Census, the income bracket containing the largest proportion (~27.8% / 2,075 persons) of the Southern Highlands SA2's population is the $1,500 - 2,999 cohort.
How do the main income cohorts in the Southern Highlands SA2 compare to the region?
The largest income cohort in the Southern Highlands SA2 is the $1,500 - 2,999 group, representing about 27.8% of the population. In comparison, Regional NSW's largest income cohort is the $1,500 - 2,999 group, representing 29.9% of its population, according to the 2021 Census.
What is the median household income in the Southern Highlands SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
The 2021 Census data indicates that the median household income in the Southern Highlands SA2 is $1,574/wk.
What is the median family income in the Southern Highlands SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
According to the 2021 Census, the median family income in the Southern Highlands SA2 is $1,947/wk.
What is the median personal income in the Southern Highlands SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
The 2021 Census shows that the median personal income in the Southern Highlands SA2 is $757/wk.
How does the Southern Highlands SA2's income rank nationally?
AreaSearch's latest postcode level ATO data for FY-23 reveals that income in the Southern Highlands SA2 is higher than average nationally, with the median assessed at $48,955 while the average income stands at $73,010. This contrasts to Regional NSW's figures of a median income of $52,390 and an average income of $65,215. Based on Wage Price Index growth of 10.32% since FY-23, current estimates would be approximately $54,007 (median) and $80,545 (average) as of March 2026.
What is the disposable income in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The estimated disposable income in the Southern Highlands SA2 is $5,911 per year according to AreaSearch analysis.
How does the Southern Highlands SA2's disposable income compare to the region?
The southern highlands sa2's disposable income is $5,911 compared to $5,252 for Regional NSW, based on AreaSearch analysis.

Housing StockHousing & Dwellings in Southern Highlands

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Southern Highlands had 2,792 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 98% detached houses and 1% apartments. 33% are owned with a mortgage, 13% rented and 55% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $400 a week and the median mortgage repayment $2,108 a month. Rent absorbs 25.4% of household income here and mortgage repayments 30.9%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.

Detail

According to the most recent Census, the housing stock in Southern Highlands was heavily weighted toward separate houses at 98.0%, with semi-detached dwellings, apartments, and other housing types representing 2.0%, compared to Regional NSW's breakdown of 82.6% houses and 17.4% other dwellings. Outright property ownership reached 54.6%, substantially exceeding regional norms, while mortgaged homes accounted for 32.6% and rental properties made up 12.8%. Monthly median mortgage costs stood at $2,108 and median weekly rent was $400, both exceeding Regional NSW benchmarks of $1,733 and $330. On a nationwide scale, local mortgage repayments and rent levels also sit above Australian medians of $1,863 and $375.

Frequently Asked Questions - Housing

What percentage of homes are owned vs rented in the Southern Highlands SA2?
In the Southern Highlands SA2, 54.6% of homes are owned outright, 32.6% are owned with a mortgage, and 12.8% are rented.
What percentage of dwellings in the Southern Highlands SA2 are houses?
According to the latest data, 98.0% of dwellings in the Southern Highlands SA2 are houses.
What percentage of dwellings in the Southern Highlands SA2 are apartments or units?
In the Southern Highlands SA2, 0.8% of dwellings are apartments or units, with an additional 0.7% being semi-detached dwellings.
What is the level of outright home ownership in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Outright home ownership in the Southern Highlands SA2 stands at 54.6%, compared to 39.6% in Regional NSW.
What is the median monthly mortgage repayment in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The median monthly mortgage repayment in the Southern Highlands SA2 is $2,108, compared to $1,733 in Regional NSW.
What is the median weekly rent in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The median weekly rent in the Southern Highlands SA2 is $400, compared to $330 in Regional NSW.
What is the distribution of rental prices in the Southern Highlands SA2?
In the Southern Highlands SA2, 5.2% of rentals are $0-149/week, 33.7% are $150-349/week, 50.3% are $350-649/week, 8.5% are $650-949/week, and 2.3% are $950+/week.
What is the average monthly housing cost in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The aggregate monthly housing cost in the Southern Highlands SA2 is $909, which represents the average monthly cost across all housing types.
What percentage of income do residents spend on housing in the Southern Highlands SA2?
In the Southern Highlands SA2, households with mortgages typically spend 30.9% of their income on mortgage repayments, while renters spend 25.4% of their income on rent.
How crowded are homes in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The average persons per bedroom ratio in the Southern Highlands SA2 is 0.7, indicating the level of household density.
How does housing affordability in the Southern Highlands SA2 compare to the region?
Housing affordability in the Southern Highlands SA2 shows mortgage holders spending 30.9% of income on repayments (vs 27.9% regionally), while renters spend 25.4% of income on rent (vs 23.0% regionally).
What types of dwellings are most common in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The dwelling mix in the Southern Highlands SA2 consists of 98.0% detached houses, 0.7% semi-detached dwellings, 0.8% apartments, and 0.5% other dwelling types.
What is the weighted average housing cost based on tenure mix in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Considering the housing occupancy patterns, the weighted average monthly housing cost is approximately $909. This accounts for outright owners paying no housing costs, mortgage holders paying $2,108/month, and renters paying $1,732/month.
How affordable is housing in the Southern Highlands SA2 relative to local incomes?
Housing in Southern Highlands consumes approximately 13.3% of median household income ($6,815 monthly), indicating costs are highly affordable. The generally accepted benchmark is that housing should not exceed 30% of household income.
How do proposed developments compare to existing housing types in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Recent development applications in Southern Highlands show attached dwellings contributing 3% of approvals compared to 2% of existing stock, while detached houses represent 97% of applications versus 98% of current dwellings. This suggests development patterns consistent with existing housing mix. Density increases remain below national trends.

HouseholdsHousehold Composition in Southern Highlands

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Southern Highlands counted 2,792 households at the 2021 Census, averaging 2.4 people each. 25% are couples with children, against 39% couples without children. 25% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.7 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.

Detail

Family dwellings make up 72.9% of local households, consisting of couples without children (39.4%), couples with children (25.3%), and single parent families (7.9%). The remaining 27.1% consists of non-family living arrangements, primarily lone person dwellings at 25.0% alongside group households at 1.9%. The median household size of 2.4 people equals the Regional NSW average.

Frequently Asked Questions - Households

How many households are in the Southern Highlands SA2?
As of the 2021 Census, the Southern Highlands SA2 had 2,792 households. Based on population growth patterns, this has grown by approximately 3.0% to an estimated 2,875 households today.
What is the typical household size?
The median household size in the Southern Highlands SA2 is 2.4 people. This compares to 2.4 in Regional NSW and reflects the area's household composition mix.
What types of households are most common?
Family households dominate at 72.9% of all households. The remaining households consist of lone person households (25.0%), group households (1.9%), and other household types (0.0%).
How are families structured in the area?
Among the 2,035 family households, 25.3% are couples with children, 39.4% are couples without children at home, and 7.9% are single parent families. This mix shapes local demand for schools, family services, and housing types.
How does the Southern Highlands SA2 compare to regional household patterns?
Compared to Regional NSW, the Southern Highlands SA2 shows distinct household patterns. This family-oriented profile influences local demand for family homes, schools, and children's services.
What is the average family size?
Families in the Southern Highlands SA2 have an average of 1.7 children, slightly below the Regional NSW average of 1.8. This influences local demand for child-related services and larger family homes.
What are the marriage patterns in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Marriage patterns reveal 53.7% of the adult population are currently married, while 26.7% have never married. This compares to 45.6% married and 34.3% never married across Regional NSW.
How significant are single-person households?
Single-person households represent 25.0% of all households in the Southern Highlands SA2, similar to the regional average of 27.9%. This affects demand for smaller dwellings and single-person accommodation.
Are shared living arrangements common?
Group households (unrelated people sharing) account for 1.9% of households, well below the Regional NSW average of 3.3%. This low rate suggests limited student or young professional shared accommodation.
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EducationSchools & Education in Southern Highlands

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32.4% of adults in Southern Highlands hold a university qualification, including 21.1% with a bachelor degree and 7.9% with postgraduate qualifications. A further 26.0% hold a vocational qualification. 4 schools serve the area, with 287 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 1,032 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.

Detail

Educational attainment levels in Southern Highlands outpace broader benchmarks, with 32.4% of residents aged 15+ holding tertiary degrees, compared to 21.3% across Rest of NSW and 22.4% across the SA4 region. Bachelor degrees form the largest segment at 21.1%, followed by postgraduate qualifications at 7.9% and graduate diplomas at 3.4%. Technical and trade credentials are also widespread, with 38.5% of the population aged 15+ having completed vocational pathways, including certificates (26.0%) and advanced diplomas (12.5%). Participation in study is robust, with 26.0% of local residents enrolled in formal education. Primary school attendees comprise 9.2% of the population, secondary students represent 7.5%, and tertiary education students account for 3.4%.

Frequently Asked Questions - Education

What percentage of people in the Southern Highlands SA2 have university qualifications?
32.4% of people aged 15 and over in the Southern Highlands SA2 have university qualifications, compared to 21.3% in the broader region.
What percentage of people in the Southern Highlands SA2 have no formal qualifications?
29.0% of people aged 15 and over in the Southern Highlands SA2 have no formal qualifications, compared to 39.1% regionally.
How does the Southern Highlands SA2's education level compare to national averages?
The southern highlands sa2 ranks in the 67th percentile nationally for education based on AreaSearch's analysis of qualification and performance metrics.
What types of qualifications are most common in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The most common qualifications in the Southern Highlands SA2 are: Certificate (26.0%), Bachelor Degree (21.1%), Advanced Diploma (12.5%).
What proportion of the Southern Highlands SA2's population is currently attending educational institutions?
26.0% of the population in the Southern Highlands SA2 is currently engaged in formal education, with 9.2% in primary school, 7.5% in secondary school, 3.4% at university.
What is the ICSEA score for schools in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The average ICSEA (Index of Community Socio-Educational Advantage) score for schools in the Southern Highlands SA2 is 1032, indicating average socio-educational advantage (national average is 1000).
How many schools are located within the Southern Highlands SA2?
There are 4 schools within the Southern Highlands SA2, with a combined enrollment of approximately 287 students.
What types of schools are available in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The southern highlands sa2 includes 4 primary schools.

Schools Detail

AmenitiesServices & Amenities in Southern Highlands

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Getting AroundTransport & Commuting in Southern Highlands

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Public transport in Southern Highlands reaches 217 stops on 29 routes, timetabled for about 840 services a week. The typical home sits about 270 m from its nearest stop. Trains carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 1.7 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.

Detail

The public transit network across Southern Highlands comprises 217 operational train and bus stops. A total of 29 routes service these facilities, delivering 840 weekly scheduled passenger departures. Network connectivity is solid, with local dwellings situated an average of 267 meters from their nearest transit stop. Reflecting the area's commuter orientation, private vehicles represent the main mode of travel at 92%, with 5% of commuters walking. Vehicle density stands above regional averages at 1.7 per dwelling. According to the 2021 Census, 30.5% of working residents worked from home, influenced in part by COVID-19 settings.

Across all transit lines, scheduling frequency averages 120 departures each day, translating to roughly 3 weekly services per individual stop. The accompanying mapping highlights the 100 closest transit stops relative to the area's central coordinates.

Frequently Asked Questions - Transport

How many public transport stops are in Southern Highlands?
There are 217 public transport stops within the Southern Highlands SA2.
How frequent are the transport services in Southern Highlands?
the Southern Highlands SA2 has 840 weekly trips across 29 routes, averaging 120 trips per day.
How far are residents from public transport in Southern Highlands?
On average, residential properties are 267 meters from the nearest transport stop.

Transport Stops Detail

HealthcareHealth Services in Southern Highlands

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64.7% of residents in Southern Highlands report no long-term health condition. 4.7% need daily assistance with core activities, and 55.4% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 4.9 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.

Detail

Health indicators for Southern Highlands reflect favorable community outcomes, with mortality rates and illness incidence closely mirroring national figures. The prevalence of common medical ailments remains low across both older and younger demographics, while private health insurance uptake is notably high at approximately 55% of all residents (~4,135 people), compared to 51.9% throughout Regional NSW. Arthritis (11.0%) and asthma (7.2%) represent the most prevalent diagnosed conditions among residents, while 64.7% reported no chronic medical issues, exceeding the Regional NSW proportion of 63.3%. Working-age health outcomes track standard baselines. Seniors aged 65 and over constitute 32.6% of the population (2,435 people), well above the 23.3% regional level, and demonstrate exceptionally positive health metrics relative to national averages.

Frequently Asked Questions - Health

How many people in the Southern Highlands SA2 have private health insurance?
Around 55.4% of people in the Southern Highlands SA2 are covered by private health insurance, which compares to 51.9% in the broader region of Regional NSW.
What percentage of the population requires ongoing medical assistance in the Southern Highlands SA2?
In the Southern Highlands SA2, 4.7% of the population is identified as requiring ongoing medical assistance. This figure is slightly different from the regional average, where 6.8% of people in Regional NSW require similar assistance.
How prevalent is asthma in the Southern Highlands SA2?
7.2% of people in the Southern Highlands SA2 are diagnosed with asthma. In comparison, 8.4% of the population across Regional NSW is affected by asthma.
What percentage of people have diabetes in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Diabetes affects 4.4% of the the Southern Highlands SA2 population, while in the surrounding region, 4.7% of people are diagnosed with diabetes.
What is the percentage of people with heart disease in the Southern Highlands SA2?
4.4% of people in the Southern Highlands SA2 have heart disease. Across the region of Regional NSW, 4.4% of the population is affected by heart disease.
How does the Southern Highlands SA2 compare to the region in terms of overall private health coverage?
In the Southern Highlands SA2, 55.4% of the population are estimated to have private health insurance. Comparatively, Regional NSW sees an estimated private health coverage rate of 51.9%.

Ancestry & LanguageCultural Diversity in Southern Highlands

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Southern Highlands is largely Australian-born, at 81.1% of residents, with 5.2% speaking a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are English (31.7%) and Australian (27.7%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.

Detail

Cultural diversity in Southern Highlands remains below broader averages, with Australian-born individuals comprising 81.1% of the community, Australian citizens making up 89.8%, and 94.8% speaking only English at home. Christianity is the predominant religious affiliation, practiced by 56.8% of the local population compared to 55.9% in Regional NSW. Looking at parental ancestry, the three most widespread heritage groups are English (31.7%), Australian (27.7%), and Scottish (10.7%). Specific background differences also emerge when compared with regional profiles, including Hungarian ancestry at 0.4% (against 0.2% regionally), Irish ancestry at 10.3% (against 8.8%), and Welsh ancestry at 0.6% (against 0.5%).

Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity

What is the level of cultural diversity in the Southern Highlands SA2?
Southern Highlands was found to be below average in terms of cultural diversity, with 81.1% of its population born in Australia, 89.8% being citizens, and 94.8% speaking English only at home.
What is the most common religion in the Southern Highlands SA2?
The main religion in Southern Highlands was found to be Christianity, which makes up 56.8% of people in Southern Highlands. This compares to 55.9% across Regional NSW.
What are the top countries of origin in the Southern Highlands SA2?
In terms of ancestry (country of birth of parents), the top three represented groups in Southern Highlands are English, comprising 31.7% of the population, Australian, comprising 27.7% of the population, and Scottish, comprising 10.7% of the population. Additionally, there are notable divergences in the representation of certain other ethnic groups: Hungarian is notably overrepresented at 0.4% of Southern Highlands (vs 0.2% regionally), Irish at 10.3% (vs 8.8%) and Welsh at 0.6% (vs 0.5%).
How does the percentage of people born overseas compare to the regional average?
18.9% of the the Southern Highlands SA2 population was born overseas, compared to 13.0% regionally.
What percentage of the the Southern Highlands SA2 population speaks a language other than English at home?
5.2% of the population in the Southern Highlands SA2 speaks a language other than English at home, compared to 7.1% in the wider region.
How many people in the Southern Highlands SA2 identify as Australian Aboriginal?
1.2% of the the Southern Highlands SA2 population identifies as Australian Aboriginal, compared to 4.6% in the region.
What is the citizenship status of the population in the Southern Highlands SA2?
89.8% of the the Southern Highlands SA2 population holds citizenship, compared to 89.2% in the wider region.

Age StructureAge Profile of Southern Highlands

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The median resident of Southern Highlands is 53, older than 95% of areas nationally. 16.7% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.

Detail

Southern Highlands displays a mature demographic profile relative to the broader region. Based on estimates to August 2026, seniors and retirees aged 65+ make up 32.6% of the population (versus 23.3% in Regional NSW), while young to middle-aged adults aged 25 - 44 represent 16.3% (versus 23.5% regionally). The median age of 53 as at August 2026 matches the 2021 Census figure, remaining 10 years older than the Regional NSW median of 43 and above the national Census median of 38. Since the 2021 Census, middle-aged adults and early retirees aged 45 - 64 have reduced from 29.4% to an estimated 27.0%.

Forecasts to 2041 indicate that the young to middle-aged adult group will experience the greatest expansion, rising by 355 residents (29%) to reach 1,571.

Frequently Asked Questions - Age

What is the median age in the Southern Highlands SA2?
AreaSearch estimates the median age in the Southern Highlands SA2 at 53 years as at August 2026. That is in line with the 2021 Census figure of 53 years, on an age profile AreaSearch re-estimates for population change recorded since the Census.
How does the Southern Highlands SA2's median age compare to broader areas?
At an estimated 53 years as at August 2026, Southern Highlands is 10 years older than the Regional NSW 2021 Census average (43 years) and 15 years older than the national Census average (38 years).
What age groups are over-represented in the Southern Highlands SA2?
On AreaSearch estimates updated to August 2026, the most over-represented age group in the Southern Highlands SA2 compared to the Regional NSW region is the 65 - 74 group, making up 17.0% of the population.
What age groups are under-represented in the Southern Highlands SA2?
On AreaSearch estimates updated to August 2026, the most under-represented age group in the Southern Highlands SA2 compared to the Regional NSW region is the 25 - 34 group, making up 6.5% of the population.
Are there age groups with notable population variances?
Yes, certain age groups in the Southern Highlands SA2 show significant variance compared to the Regional NSW region. The most over-represented age groups are 75-84 year-olds (12.7% vs 8.2%) and 65-74 year-olds (17.0% vs 12.3%). The most under-represented age group is 25-34 year-olds (6.5% vs 11.5%).
What is the percentage of children (0-14 years) in the Southern Highlands SA2?
AreaSearch estimates children aged 0-14 years at 13.9% of the population in the Southern Highlands SA2 as at August 2026.
What is the percentage of older people (65+ years) in the Southern Highlands SA2?
AreaSearch estimates people aged 65 and over at 32.6% of the population in the Southern Highlands SA2 as at August 2026.

Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Southern Highlands

Data currency Refreshed

9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Sep 2026.

Everything is aggregated to the SA2 boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.

The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section

Section Source & update cycle Currency
Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections
Population ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to Aug 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline.
Age profile ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to Aug 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate.
Development & approvals ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) Aug 2026 last month headline measures · Jul 2026 baseline
Property sales & rents Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents Sep 2026 this month all 21 measures
Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Sep 2026.
Infrastructure projects Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily Aug 2026 last month all 2 projects tracked here
Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Aug 2026.
Employment ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) Mar 2026 6 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census.
Education ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Transport ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release Jul 2026 2 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Services & amenities Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous Jul 2026 2 months ago all 14 measures
Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections
Income ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail.
Health ABS, ATO Annual 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current.
Housing ABS 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures
Households ABS 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures
Cultural diversity ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures

"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.

How the numbers are built

Population

The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 128 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for Aug 2026, not a 2021 count (7,250 at the 2021 Census → 7,465 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.

Age profile

Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to Aug 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".

Property sales

Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.

Rents

Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.

Development & infrastructure

Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.

Employment & income

Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.

Education, transport & amenities

School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.

Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.

Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.

Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (114021289). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.

Common questions about this page

Why can the Southern Highlands SA2 boundary differ from the suburb boundary?
This page uses ABS Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) boundaries for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP). SA2 areas can differ materially from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, even when they share similar names, because they are defined for different purposes and often use different geographic boundaries.
Where does the data on this Southern Highlands page come from?
AreaSearch compiles this page from official and industry sources — including ABS, Geoscience Australia, Valuer General, Provider directories, DEWR, JSA, State Transport Departments and ACARA — then aggregates them to the boundary shown and calculates the rankings, growth rates and benchmarks itself. Property sales come from the state valuation authority, rents from state rental bond lodgements, development applications from council and state planning portals, school data from ACARA, and public transport from state transport departments.
Is the Southern Highlands data on this page just from the 2021 Census?
No. Most of this page is maintained well beyond the Census. Sourced entirely from current releases: development & approvals (Aug 2026), property sales & rents (Sep 2026), infrastructure projects (Aug 2026) and services & amenities (Jul 2026). Built on a Census baseline but carrying newer measures on top: population (to Aug 2026), age profile (to Aug 2026), employment (to Mar 2026), income (to FY 2023), education (to Aug 2026), transport (to Jul 2026) and health (to 2024). Population and age cohorts in particular are re-based to the latest ABS Estimated Resident Population rather than left at 2021 counts. Only housing, households and cultural diversity remain wholly Census-based, because no more current small-area dataset exists for those measures.

Nearby Areas