Wamberal

Suburb (SAL)

Greater Sydney / Gosford

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Data Sources ABSValuer GeneralRental BoardACARA Newest Aug 2026 · Refreshed ABS QuickStats SAL14140 How we calculate this
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Suburb (SAL) Boundary Analysis

This analysis uses Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, which can materially differ from Statistical Areas (SA2) even when sharing the same name.

SAL boundaries are defined by Australia Post and the Australian Bureau of Statistics to represent commonly-known suburb names used in postal addresses.

Statistical Areas (SA2) are designed for census data collection and may combine multiple suburbs or use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.

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Sales ActivityProperty Sales Trends in Wamberal

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The median house price in Wamberal is $1.81m, with units at $1.07m. House values have moved 0.7% a year compounded over five years.

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DemographicsPopulation Growth in Wamberal

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Wamberal has an estimated 7,123 residents, up from 6,991 at the 2021 Census — a change of 132 people, or 1.9%. That puts 812 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.

Detail

Based on an evaluation of ABS population updates for the wider region, and new addresses validated by AreaSearch since the Census, the population of the suburb of Wamberal is estimated to be approximately 7,123 as of May 2026. This represents an expansion of 132 people (1.9%) from the 2021 Census, which documented a population of 6,991 individuals. The shift is calculated from the resident population of 7,123, estimated by AreaSearch following an analysis of the most recent ERP data release by the ABS (June 2025) and an additional 3 validated new addresses since the Census date.

This population level translates to a density ratio of 812 persons per square kilometer, which aligns relatively closely with averages observed across places analyzed by AreaSearch. Over the last ten years, the suburb of Wamberal has shown steady growth trends with a 0.7% compound annual growth rate, exceeding the SA3 region. Population expansion for the locality was chiefly driven by overseas migration, which accounted for roughly 63.0% of total population gains in recent times. AreaSearch implements ABS/Geoscience Australia projections for each SA2 region, published in 2024 using 2022 as the base year. For any SA2 regions lacking this data, AreaSearch utilizes the NSW State Government's SA2 level projections, published in 2022 using 2021 as the base year. Growth rates by age category from these groupings are also applied to all regions for the years 2032 to 2041. Looking ahead to future population shifts, a population rise slightly below the median of Australian statistical areas is anticipated, with the area projected to expand by 478 persons to 2041 based on compiled SA2-level projections, representing a total increase of 6.7% over the 16 years.

Frequently Asked Questions - Population

What is the latest population estimate for the suburb of Wamberal?
Total population for the suburb of Wamberal was estimated to be approximately 7,123 as at May 26. This is based upon an estimated resident population of 7,123 from the ABS up to June 2025.
How has the population in the suburb of Wamberal changed since 2021?
The suburb of wamberal has added approximately 132 people and shown a 1.89% increase from the 6,991 people recorded at the 2021 Census period.
What is the population density in the suburb of Wamberal?
The population density in the suburb of Wamberal is estimated at 812 persons per square kilometer based on the latest population estimate.
How much has the population grown over the past 10 years in the suburb of Wamberal?
Over the past 10 years, the population in the suburb of Wamberal has shown a compound annual growth rate of 0.7% per annum.
What are the main drivers of population growth in the suburb of Wamberal?
Population growth in the suburb of Wamberal is driven by: Overseas migration (63.0%), Natural increase (37.0%), Interstate migration (0.0%). The primary driver is Overseas migration, contributing 63.0% of overall population gains.

Residential SupplyHousing Development & Building Approvals in Wamberal

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84 new dwellings have been approved in Wamberal over the past five years, an average of 16 a year. That is 2.4 approvals per 1,000 residents. Of the 20 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 70% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Approvals are currently running at an annualised 14, broadly in line with that longer-run average. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this Suburb (SAL) boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.

Detail

Based on AreaSearch analysis of ABS building approval statistics, distributed from statistical area data, Wamberal has averaged approximately 16 new dwelling approvals annually, summing to an estimated 84 homes over the past 5 financial years. Thus far in FY-26, 13 approvals have been documented. With an average of 1.4 people per year relocating to the area for each dwelling constructed over the past 5 financial years (between FY-21 and FY-25), supply and demand appear well-balanced, supporting steady market dynamics, while new properties are built at an average value of $741,000, indicating that developers are focusing on the premium market sector with higher-end properties.

There have also been $3.2 million in commercial approvals this financial year, pointing to the residential nature of the area. When compared to Greater Sydney, Wamberal displays approximately 63% of the construction activity per person, placing it in the 33rd percentile of areas evaluated nationwide, which implies somewhat restricted choices for buyers while reinforcing demand for existing properties. This level of activity is likewise below the national average, pointing to the established status of the area and suggesting potential planning constraints. New development is made up of 70.0% detached houses and 30.0% attached dwellings, indicating a growing selection of medium-density options that generate a blend of opportunities across different price points, from classic family housing to more affordable compact choices. This represents a notable shift from current housing configurations (presently 87.0% houses), indicating decreasing availability of developable land and responding to changing lifestyle preferences and housing affordability requirements. The estimated ratio of 508 people in the area for each dwelling approval indicates its quiet, low activity development environment. Population projections suggest Wamberal will add 478 residents through to 2041 (from the latest AreaSearch quarterly estimate). With current building rates, housing supply should sufficiently satisfy demand, producing positive conditions for buyers while potentially permitting growth that surpasses current forecasts.

Frequently Asked Questions - Development

How many dwelling approvals have occurred in the suburb of Wamberal recently?
Dwelling approval activity in the the suburb of Wamberal area has seen 28 residential approvals over the past two financial years, based on AreaSearch's SA2 aggregation method. The suburb of Wamberal's current population of 7,123 has been supported by 16 approvals on average over recent years.
How does the suburb of Wamberal's development activity compare to the broader region?
The suburb of Wamberal has seen 0.24 approvals per 100 people in recent years, compared to 0.65 approvals in the broader region. This means that one dwelling has been approved for every 508 people in the suburb of Wamberal, compared to one for every 190 in the broader region.
Is the suburb of Wamberal keeping up with housing demand?
With the population expected to increase by 478 people by 2041, around 160 new dwellings will be necessary. Recent approval levels appear more than sufficient to meet these forecasts, considering the census average of 3.0 persons per dwelling. This suggests that population growth may exceed trend projections in the coming years, supported by a robust housing supply.
What has been the trend in development approvals over the past five years in the suburb of Wamberal?
Looking at development activity over the past five years, the suburb of Wamberal's approval levels have been below the yearly average of 16, indicating a recent decline in approval activity.
How many dwellings will be needed to accommodate future population growth in the suburb of Wamberal?
The population in the suburb of Wamberal is expected to grow by 478 people by 2041, necessitating approximately 160 new dwellings. This calculation is based on the current census average of 3.0 persons per dwelling in the area.
How does recent development compare to population growth in the suburb of Wamberal?
Over the past five years, the population in the suburb of Wamberal has grown by approximately 837 people, while 84 residential approvals were recorded. This equates to a ratio of 10.0 people added for each new dwelling approval. This high ratio suggests strong population growth relative to housing supply, potentially indicating unmet housing demand.
Are there opportunities for residential developers in the suburb of Wamberal?
With dwelling approval activity running at an average of 16 approvals per year and a population of 7,123, the market appears to be adequately supplied relative to projected housing demand in recent years, suggesting that developers should have a longer-term approach when considering new projects. With the population expected to increase by 478 people by 2041, around 160 new dwellings will be necessary. Recent approval levels appear more than sufficient to meet these forecasts, considering the census average of 3.0 persons per dwelling. This suggests that population growth may exceed trend projections in the coming years, supported by a robust housing supply.
Approvals Pipeline Development applications near Wamberal

Development applications around Wamberal

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SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.

Project PipelineInfrastructure & Major Projects in Wamberal

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AreaSearch tracks one current infrastructure or development project inside Wamberal, worth an estimated $66 million. A further 27 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $476 million. 4 are already under construction and 5 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans sports & recreation, environmental & disaster management and transport & logistics. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.

Detail

Few things impact an area's performance as much as changes to local infrastructure, major projects, and planning initiatives. In total, AreaSearch has identified 19 projects that are likely to have an impact on the area. Key projects include the Central Coast Highway Upgrade - Wamberal to Bateau Bay, Wamberal Beach Coastal Protection Works, Central Coast Highway Upgrade - Wamberal to Bateau Bay, and the Terrigal Public School Upgrade, with the below list detailing those likely to be of most relevance.

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Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure

What are some of the major infrastructure and planning changes likely to influence the suburb of Wamberal?
Key infrastructure and planning changes likely to influence the suburb of Wamberal include: Central Coast Highway Upgrade - Wamberal to Bateau Bay (Construction); Wamberal Beach Coastal Protection Works (Under Assessment); Central Coast Highway Upgrade - Wamberal to Bateau Bay (Planning); Terrigal Public School Upgrade (Completed); and Crowne Plaza Terrigal Pacific Hotel Refurbishment (Completed). These projects represent significant developments that will shape the area's future infrastructure landscape.
What types of infrastructure projects are impacting the suburb of Wamberal?
Infrastructure development impacting the suburb of Wamberal spans multiple sectors including Transport & Logistics, Environmental & Disaster Management, and Sports & Recreation, among others.
What is the scale of infrastructure investment impacting the suburb of Wamberal?
Infrastructure investment analysis indicates significant investment of approximately $318 million in infrastructure projects affecting the region, with a notable concentration of investment within the immediate the suburb of Wamberal vicinity.
How does the suburb of Wamberal's infrastructure development compare to other areas?
With an infrastructure score in the top 30%, the suburb of Wamberal demonstrates above-average development activity compared to national benchmarks.
Central Coast Highway Upgrade - Wamberal to Bateau Bay
Category: Transport & Logistics
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 2027
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

NSW Government program to widen approximately 3.6-3.8km of Central Coast Highway between Wamberal and Bateau Bay to two lanes each way, improve intersections, and enhance active transport and bus facilities. Current works are focused on the Central Coast Highway and Tumbi Road intersection, replacing the roundabout with traffic lights and widening approaches to address congestion and improve safety.

Transport & Logistics

Central Coast Highway Upgrade - Wamberal to Bateau Bay
Category: Transport & Logistics
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 2030
Source / Links: Link 1   

Transport for NSW is planning a major upgrade of the Central Coast Highway between Wamberal and Bateau Bay to improve traffic flow, safety and network resilience. The project includes corridor upgrades and has been prioritised in stages, with the Central Coast Highway and Tumbi Road intersection being delivered first under a separate construction package while planning continues for the broader corridor upgrade.

Transport & Logistics

Coastal Cycleway Extension - Wamberal Section
Category: Sports & Recreation
Stage: Approved | Est. Comp: 0
Source / Links: Link 1   

Extension of the Central Coast coastal cycleway through Wamberal, connecting to existing paths and providing safe cycling infrastructure from Terrigal to The Entrance. The project includes new bridge crossings and improved lighting for enhanced safety.

Sports & Recreation

Wamberal Road Hazard Reduction Works
Category: Environmental & Disaster Management
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 0
Source / Links: Link 1   

Road safety improvement works along Wamberal Road including installation of safety barriers, improved signage, line marking upgrades, and vegetation clearing to enhance sight lines. The project addresses identified accident black spots.

Environmental & Disaster Management

Wamberal Beach Coastal Protection Works
Category: Environmental & Disaster Management
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 0
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Long-term coastal erosion protection strategy for Wamberal Beach on the NSW Central Coast, developed under Central Coast Council's Open Coast Coastal Management Program (CMP). Three development applications for a continuous 1.3km whole-of-embayment seawall were lodged by the Wamberal Protection Association and beachfront landowners, but were unanimously refused by the Hunter and Central Coast Regional Planning Panel on 16 June 2026 due to unresolved landowner consent issues and inadequate provision for sand nourishment. Council has directed the CEO to work with consultants and landowners on an alternative medium to long-term design.Separately, the broader Open Coast CMP, which covers engineering design requirements, sand nourishment, and land transfer actions for Wamberal, was adopted by Council in April 2026 and certified by the NSW Minister for the Environment in June 2026. Temporary emergency protection works continue to be carried out periodically by Council in response to storm events.

Environmental & Disaster Management

Wamberal Community Park Upgrade
Category: Sports & Recreation
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 0
Source / Links: Link 1   

Major upgrade to Wamberal Community Park including new playground equipment, improved sports facilities, additional parking, and enhanced landscaping. The project aims to provide better recreational facilities for the growing local community.

Sports & Recreation

Wamberal Lagoon Water Quality Improvement
Category: Environmental & Disaster Management
Stage: Approved | Est. Comp: 0
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Multi-phase project to improve water quality in Wamberal Lagoon through wetland restoration, sediment management, and pollution source control. The project includes community education programs and long-term monitoring systems.

Environmental & Disaster Management

The Entrance Road Sewer Rising Main Replacement - Wamberal
Category: Environmental & Disaster Management
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 0
Source / Links: Link 1   

Central Coast Council is replacing aging sewer infrastructure along The Entrance Road in Wamberal to improve reliability and environmental protection. The project involves installing new rising mains and pump station upgrades to serve the growing coastal community.

Environmental & Disaster Management

Jobs & IndustryEmployment Trends in Wamberal

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3,980 residents of Wamberal are employed, from a labour force of 4,045. Unemployment sits at 1.6%, with participation at 70.3%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 7.1% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. The working-day population is estimated at 5,512, about 77% of the resident population, so more people leave the area for work than travel in. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.

Detail

Wamberal features a highly educated workforce, with essential services sectors well represented, an unemployment rate of only 1.6%, and 3.0% in estimated employment growth over the past year, based on AreaSearch compilation of statistical area data. As of March 2026, 3,980 residents are employed, while the unemployment rate is 2.5% below the rate in Greater Sydney of 4.1%, and workforce participation is generally comparable to the figure for Greater Sydney of 69.1%. Based on Census replies, a high 38.0% of residents were recorded as working from home, although Covid-19 lockdown influences should be taken into account.

Employment among citizens is clustered in health care & social assistance, construction, and education & training. The area displays a specific employment specialization in health care & social assistance, with an employment share of 1.3 times the regional average. Conversely, finance & insurance employs only 4.1% of local workers, which is below the figure for Greater Sydney of 7.3%. The highly residential locality seems to provide restricted local job opportunities, as shown by the comparison of Census working population to resident population. Based on AreaSearch analysis of SALM and ABS data, compiled from wider statistical areas, over the 12 months to March 2026, employment rose by 3.0% while the labour force expanded by 3.3%, leading the unemployment rate to increase by 0.3 percentage points. This differs from Greater Sydney, where employment increased by 1.9%, the labour force expanded by 1.9%, and unemployment declined slightly. National employment forecasts from Jobs and Skills Australia dated May-25 can provide additional perspective on potential future demand in Wamberal. These projections, spanning five and ten-year periods, have been aligned with the local employment profile to estimate growth patterns. While national employment is projected to grow by 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, growth rates vary considerably across different industry sectors. Applying these industry-specific projections to the employment composition of Wamberal suggests local employment should expand by 7.1% over five years and 14.4% over ten years (please note this is a basic weighted extrapolation for illustrative purposes and does not account for local population projections).

Frequently Asked Questions - Employment

What is the employment situation in the suburb of Wamberal?
As of March 2026, the suburb of Wamberal has approximately 3,980 employed residents with an unemployment rate of 1.6%. This very low unemployment rate indicates a tight labour market with strong demand for workers. The area ranks in the top 25% nationally for employment performance, indicating a robust job market.
How does the suburb of Wamberal's unemployment rate compare to the broader region?
As of March 2026, the unemployment rate in the suburb of Wamberal stands at 1.6%, which is 2.5 percentage points below Greater Sydney's rate of 4.1%. This lower unemployment rate suggests stronger local employment conditions. For comparison, the national unemployment rate is 4.2%.
What are the major employment sectors in the suburb of Wamberal?
The employment landscape in the suburb of Wamberal is dominated by several key sectors. The largest employers are health care & social assistance (18.4% of employment), construction (12.4%), and education & training (10.6%). Other significant employers include retail trade and professional & technical.
How has employment changed recently in the suburb of Wamberal?
Over the past year to March 2026, the suburb of Wamberal has experienced employment growth, with total employment increasing while the labour force increased. As a result, the unemployment rate has rise. By comparison, Greater Sydney saw employment increased and its unemployment rate dropped.
What is the workforce participation rate in the suburb of Wamberal?
The workforce participation rate in the suburb of Wamberal is 70.3%, which represents the proportion of working-age residents who are either employed or actively seeking work. This high participation rate indicates strong workforce engagement and economic vitality. The local rate leading the Greater Sydney average of 69.1%, showing similar workforce dynamics to the broader region.
Which industries are over-represented in the suburb of Wamberal's employment market?
The suburb of wamberal shows notable specialization in health care & social assistance, which employs 18.4% of the local workforce compared to 14.1% regionally. This moderate specialization indicates some local strength in the sector. The area also shows above-average employment in 2 other sectors, contributing to a distinctive economic profile.
What are the employment growth prospects for the suburb of Wamberal?
Based on Jobs and Skills Australia projections applied to the suburb of Wamberal's industry mix, employment is expected to grow by 7.1% over the next five years and 14.4% over ten years. This exceeds the national forecast of 6.6% over five years, suggesting the area's industry composition is well-positioned for future growth. Steady growth is anticipated across multiple sectors, providing diverse employment opportunities.
How does the job market in the suburb of Wamberal compare nationally?
The suburb of wamberal's employment market shows strong performance nationally, ranking in the top 25% of areas assessed by AreaSearch. This indicates robust employment conditions and economic vitality compared to other regions. Recent job advertisement trends show the broader employment region experienced 2.1% growth, ranking 8.0th out of 37 regions nationally.
What employment opportunities exist for skilled workers in the suburb of Wamberal?
Skilled workers will find excellent opportunities in the suburb of Wamberal, with knowledge-intensive sectors comprising 43.8% of local employment. Key sectors for skilled workers include health care & social assistance (18.4%), education & training (10.6%), and professional & technical (8.7%). With projected employment growth of 7.1% over five years, demand for skilled workers is expected to remain strong.

EarningsHousehold Income in Wamberal

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Median household income in Wamberal is $2,407 a week (about $125,000 a year), with median personal income at $944 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $57,465 a year against an average of $86,724. The average runs 51% above the median, a wider spread than most areas and a sign of a concentrated group of high earners. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.

Detail

According to the latest ATO statistics compiled by AreaSearch for financial year 2023, the income level in the suburb of Wamberal is among the highest in Australia. The median income among taxpayers in the suburb of Wamberal is $57,465 and the average income is $86,724, which compares to figures of $60,817 and $83,003 respectively for Greater Sydney. Based on Wage Price Index growth of 10.32% since financial year 2023, current estimates would be approximately $63,395 for the median and $95,674 for the average as of March 2026. Census statistics show household incomes rank exceptionally at the 88th percentile ($2,407 weekly).

The earnings distribution shows 27.8% of the population (1,980 individuals) fall within the $1,500 - 2,999 income range, closely matching the region where 30.9% occupy this bracket. The large proportion of high earners (40.1% above $3,000/week) shows strong economic capacity across Wamberal. Housing costs account for 14.3% of income, while solid earnings place residents in the 88th percentile for disposable income, and the area's SEIFA income ranking places it in the 9th decile.

Frequently Asked Questions - Income

What is the median taxable income in the suburb of Wamberal?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated median taxable income in the suburb of Wamberal is approximately $63,395. The official ATO data from FY-23 recorded a median of $57,465.
What is the average taxable income in the suburb of Wamberal?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated average taxable income in the suburb of Wamberal is approximately $95,674. The official ATO data from FY-23 recorded an average of $86,724.
How does the median taxable income in the suburb of Wamberal compare to the region?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated median taxable income in the suburb of Wamberal is approximately $63,395 compared to $67,093 in Greater Sydney. The official ATO data from FY-23 shows $57,465 and $60,817 respectively.
How does the average taxable income in the suburb of Wamberal compare to the region?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated average taxable income in the suburb of Wamberal is approximately $95,674 compared to $91,569 in Greater Sydney. The official ATO data from FY-23 shows $86,724 and $83,003 respectively.
What are the main income cohorts in the suburb of Wamberal according to the 2021 Census?
As per the 2021 Census, the income bracket containing the largest proportion (~27.8% / 1,980 persons) of the suburb of Wamberal's population is the $1,500 - 2,999 cohort.
How do the main income cohorts in the suburb of Wamberal compare to the region?
The largest income cohort in the suburb of Wamberal is the $1,500 - 2,999 group, representing about 27.8% of the population. In comparison, Greater Sydney's largest income cohort is the $1,500 - 2,999 group, representing 30.9% of its population, according to the 2021 Census.
What is the median household income in the suburb of Wamberal according to the 2021 Census?
The 2021 Census data indicates that the median household income in the suburb of Wamberal is $2,407/wk.
What is the median family income in the suburb of Wamberal according to the 2021 Census?
According to the 2021 Census, the median family income in the suburb of Wamberal is $2,730/wk.
What is the median personal income in the suburb of Wamberal according to the 2021 Census?
The 2021 Census shows that the median personal income in the suburb of Wamberal is $944/wk.
How does the suburb of Wamberal's income rank nationally?
According to AreaSearch's aggregation of the latest postcode level ATO data released for FY-23, the suburb of Wamberal had a median income among taxpayers of $57,465 with the average level standing at $86,724. This is extremely high nationally and compares to levels of $60,817 and $83,003 across Greater Sydney respectively. Based on Wage Price Index growth of 10.32% since FY-23, current estimates would be approximately $63,395 (median) and $95,674 (average) as of March 2026.
What is the disposable income in the suburb of Wamberal?
The estimated disposable income in the suburb of Wamberal is $8,936 per year according to AreaSearch analysis.
How does the suburb of Wamberal's disposable income compare to the region?
The suburb of wamberal's disposable income is $8,936 compared to $7,412 for Greater Sydney, based on AreaSearch analysis.

Housing StockHousing & Dwellings in Wamberal

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Wamberal had 2,322 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 87% detached houses and 8% apartments. 45% are owned with a mortgage, 18% rented and 38% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $500 a week and the median mortgage repayment $2,500 a month, a total housing cost higher than 80% of areas nationally. Rent absorbs 20.8% of household income here and mortgage repayments 24.0%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.

Detail

Dwelling structure within Wamberal, as assessed at the most recent Census, consisted of 87.4% houses and 12.7% other dwellings (semi-detached, apartments, 'other' dwellings), compared to the Sydney metro profile of 55.9% houses and 44.1% other dwellings. Meanwhile, the level of home ownership in Wamberal was well above that of Sydney metro, standing at 38.0%, with the remaining dwellings being either mortgaged (44.6%) or rented (17.5%). The median monthly mortgage repayment in the locality was above the Sydney metro average at $2,500, while the median weekly rent figure was recorded at $500, compared to Sydney metro's $2,427 and $470.

Nationwide, Wamberal's mortgage repayments are significantly higher than the Australian average of $1,863, while rents are substantially above the national figure of $375.

Frequently Asked Questions - Housing

What percentage of homes are owned vs rented in the suburb of Wamberal?
In the suburb of Wamberal, 38.0% of homes are owned outright, 44.6% are owned with a mortgage, and 17.5% are rented.
What percentage of dwellings in the suburb of Wamberal are houses?
According to the latest data, 87.4% of dwellings in the suburb of Wamberal are houses.
What percentage of dwellings in the suburb of Wamberal are apartments or units?
In the suburb of Wamberal, 7.9% of dwellings are apartments or units, with an additional 4.8% being semi-detached dwellings.
What is the level of outright home ownership in the suburb of Wamberal?
Outright home ownership in the suburb of Wamberal stands at 38.0%, compared to 28.7% in Greater Sydney.
What is the median monthly mortgage repayment in the suburb of Wamberal?
The median monthly mortgage repayment in the suburb of Wamberal is $2,500, compared to $2,427 in Greater Sydney.
What is the median weekly rent in the suburb of Wamberal?
The median weekly rent in the suburb of Wamberal is $500, compared to $470 in Greater Sydney.
What is the distribution of rental prices in the suburb of Wamberal?
In the suburb of Wamberal, 0.0% of rentals are $0-149/week, 10.7% are $150-349/week, 62.1% are $350-649/week, 23.6% are $650-949/week, and 3.6% are $950+/week.
What is the average monthly housing cost in the suburb of Wamberal?
The aggregate monthly housing cost in the suburb of Wamberal is $1,494, which represents the average monthly cost across all housing types.
What percentage of income do residents spend on housing in the suburb of Wamberal?
In the suburb of Wamberal, households with mortgages typically spend 24.0% of their income on mortgage repayments, while renters spend 20.8% of their income on rent.
How crowded are homes in the suburb of Wamberal?
The average persons per bedroom ratio in the suburb of Wamberal is 0.8, indicating the level of household density.
How does housing affordability in the suburb of Wamberal compare to the region?
Housing affordability in the suburb of Wamberal shows mortgage holders spending 24.0% of income on repayments (vs 27.0% regionally), while renters spend 20.8% of income on rent (vs 22.6% regionally).
What types of dwellings are most common in the suburb of Wamberal?
The dwelling mix in the suburb of Wamberal consists of 87.4% detached houses, 4.8% semi-detached dwellings, 7.9% apartments, and 0.0% other dwelling types.
What is the weighted average housing cost based on tenure mix in the suburb of Wamberal?
Considering the housing occupancy patterns, the weighted average monthly housing cost is approximately $1,494. This accounts for outright owners paying no housing costs, mortgage holders paying $2,500/month, and renters paying $2,165/month.
How affordable is housing in the suburb of Wamberal relative to local incomes?
Housing in Wamberal consumes approximately 14.3% of median household income ($10,422 monthly), indicating costs are highly affordable. The generally accepted benchmark is that housing should not exceed 30% of household income.
How do proposed developments compare to existing housing types in the suburb of Wamberal?
Recent development applications in Wamberal show attached dwellings contributing 0% of approvals compared to 13% of existing stock, while detached houses represent 100% of applications versus 87% of current dwellings. This suggests development patterns consistent with existing housing mix. Housing density growth is around the national average.

HouseholdsHousehold Composition in Wamberal

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Wamberal counted 2,322 households at the 2021 Census, averaging 2.9 people each. 42% are couples with children, more than in 83% of areas nationally, against 28% couples without children. 17% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.7 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.

Detail

Family households are dominant at 80.3% of all households, consisting of 42.0% couples with children, 28.1% couples without children, and 9.9% single parent families. Non-family households account for the remaining 19.7%, with lone person households at 16.7% and group households making up 2.9% of the total. The median household size of 2.9 people is larger than the Greater Sydney average of 2.7.

Frequently Asked Questions - Households

How many households are in the suburb of Wamberal?
As of the 2021 Census, the suburb of Wamberal had 2,322 households. Based on population growth patterns, this has grown by approximately 1.9% to an estimated 2,366 households today.
What is the typical household size?
The median household size in the suburb of Wamberal is 2.9 people. This compares to 2.7 in Greater Sydney and reflects the area's household composition mix.
What types of households are most common?
Family households dominate at 80.3% of all households. The remaining households consist of lone person households (16.7%), group households (2.9%), and other household types (0.0%).
How are families structured in the area?
Among the 1,864 family households, 42.0% are couples with children, 28.1% are couples without children at home, and 9.9% are single parent families. This mix shapes local demand for schools, family services, and housing types.
How does the suburb of Wamberal compare to regional household patterns?
Compared to Greater Sydney, the suburb of Wamberal shows distinct household patterns. Family households are notably over-represented at 80.3% (versus 72.6% regionally). Conversely, lone person households are under-represented at 16.7% compared to the regional 23.2%. This family-oriented profile influences local demand for family homes, schools, and children's services.
What is the average family size?
Families in the suburb of Wamberal have an average of 1.7 children, slightly above the Greater Sydney average of 1.5. This influences local demand for child-related services and larger family homes.
What are the marriage patterns in the suburb of Wamberal?
Marriage patterns reveal 53.7% of the adult population are currently married, while 31.3% have never married. This compares to 48.3% married and 36.4% never married across Greater Sydney.
How significant are single-person households?
Single-person households represent 16.7% of all households in the suburb of Wamberal, notably lower than the regional average of 23.2%. This affects demand for smaller dwellings and single-person accommodation.
Are shared living arrangements common?
Group households (unrelated people sharing) account for 2.9% of households, well below the Greater Sydney average of 4.2%. This low rate suggests limited student or young professional shared accommodation.
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EducationSchools & Education in Wamberal

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31.4% of adults in Wamberal hold a university qualification, including 22.2% with a bachelor degree and 6.3% with postgraduate qualifications, higher than 79% of areas nationally. A further 23.6% hold a vocational qualification. 1 school serves the area, with 522 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 1,051 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.

Detail

Educational attainment in Wamberal greatly exceeds broader benchmarks, with 31.4% of residents aged 15+ holding university qualifications compared to 20.8% in the SA4 region. This significant educational lead positions the area well for knowledge-based opportunities. Bachelor degrees are the most common at 22.2%, followed by postgraduate qualifications (6.3%) and graduate diplomas (2.9%). Trade and technical skills are also prominent, with 36.7% of residents aged 15+ holding vocational credentials – advanced diplomas (13.1%) and certificates (23.6%). Educational participation is remarkably high, with 32.5% of residents currently enrolled in formal studies. This includes 10.7% in primary school, 9.9% in high school, and 5.1% undertaking tertiary education.

Frequently Asked Questions - Education

What percentage of people in the suburb of Wamberal have university qualifications?
31.4% of people aged 15 and over in the suburb of Wamberal have university qualifications, compared to 38.0% in the broader region.
What percentage of people in the suburb of Wamberal have no formal qualifications?
31.9% of people aged 15 and over in the suburb of Wamberal have no formal qualifications, compared to 34.2% regionally.
How does the suburb of Wamberal's education level compare to national averages?
The suburb of wamberal ranks in the 79th percentile nationally for education based on AreaSearch's analysis of qualification and performance metrics.
What types of qualifications are most common in the suburb of Wamberal?
The most common qualifications in the suburb of Wamberal are: Certificate (23.6%), Bachelor Degree (22.2%), Advanced Diploma (13.1%).
What proportion of the suburb of Wamberal's population is currently attending educational institutions?
32.5% of the population in the suburb of Wamberal is currently engaged in formal education, with 10.7% in primary school, 9.9% in secondary school, 5.1% at university.
What is the ICSEA score for schools in the suburb of Wamberal?
The average ICSEA (Index of Community Socio-Educational Advantage) score for schools in the suburb of Wamberal is 1051, indicating average socio-educational advantage (national average is 1000).
How many schools are located within the suburb of Wamberal?
There are 1 schools within the suburb of Wamberal, with a combined enrollment of approximately 522 students.
What types of schools are available in the suburb of Wamberal?
The suburb of wamberal includes 1 primary school.

Schools Detail

AmenitiesServices & Amenities in Wamberal

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Getting AroundTransport & Commuting in Wamberal

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Public transport in Wamberal reaches 70 stops on 83 routes, timetabled for about 1,200 services a week. The typical home sits about 160 m from its nearest stop. Buses carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 1.8 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.

Detail

Public transport analysis shows 70 active transport stops operating within Wamberal, consisting of a mix of buses. These stops are serviced by 83 individual routes, collectively providing 1,246 weekly passenger trips. Transport accessibility is rated as excellent, with residents typically located 155 meters from the nearest transport stop. As a primarily residential area, most residents commute outward - car remains the dominant mode at 95%. Vehicle ownership averages 1.8 per dwelling, above the regional average. A high 38.0% of residents work from home (2021 Census; may reflect COVID-19 conditions). Service frequency averages 178 trips per day across all routes, equating to approximately 17 weekly trips per individual stop.

Frequently Asked Questions - Transport

How many public transport stops are in Wamberal?
There are 70 public transport stops within the suburb of Wamberal.
How frequent are the transport services in Wamberal?
the suburb of Wamberal has 1,246 weekly trips across 83 routes, averaging 178 trips per day.
How far are residents from public transport in Wamberal?
On average, residential properties are 155 meters from the nearest transport stop.

Transport Stops Detail

HealthcareHealth Services in Wamberal

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72.4% of residents in Wamberal report no long-term health condition, a healthier profile than 76% of areas nationally. 3.8% need daily assistance with core activities, and 61.2% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 4.9 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.

Detail

Analysis of health metrics indicates strong performance throughout Wamberal, based on AreaSearch's evaluation of mortality rates and chronic condition prevalence, with both young and old age cohorts showing low prevalence of common health conditions, and the rate of private health insurance found to be exceptionally high at approximately 61% of the total population (4,355 people). The national average is 55.7%. The most common medical conditions in the area were found to be asthma and arthritis, affecting 7.3 and 7.0% of residents, respectively, while 72.4% reported being completely free of medical ailments compared to 74.6% across Greater Sydney.

Working-age residents are particularly healthy, with low chronic condition prevalence. The area has 20.3% of residents aged 65 and over (1,445 people), which is higher than the 15.5% in Greater Sydney. Health outcomes among seniors are above average, with national rankings generally in line with the general population.

Frequently Asked Questions - Health

How many people in the suburb of Wamberal have private health insurance?
Around 61.1% of people in the suburb of Wamberal are covered by private health insurance, which compares to 59.9% in the broader region of Greater Sydney.
What percentage of the population requires ongoing medical assistance in the suburb of Wamberal?
In the suburb of Wamberal, 3.8% of the population is identified as requiring ongoing medical assistance. This figure is slightly different from the regional average, where 5.2% of people in Greater Sydney require similar assistance.
How prevalent is asthma in the suburb of Wamberal?
7.3% of people in the suburb of Wamberal are diagnosed with asthma. In comparison, 6.4% of the population across Greater Sydney is affected by asthma.
What percentage of people have diabetes in the suburb of Wamberal?
Diabetes affects 2.7% of the the suburb of Wamberal population, while in the surrounding region, 4.3% of people are diagnosed with diabetes.
What is the percentage of people with heart disease in the suburb of Wamberal?
3.6% of people in the suburb of Wamberal have heart disease. Across the region of Greater Sydney, 3.2% of the population is affected by heart disease.
How does the suburb of Wamberal compare to the region in terms of overall private health coverage?
In the suburb of Wamberal, 61.1% of the population are estimated to have private health insurance. Comparatively, Greater Sydney sees an estimated private health coverage rate of 59.9%.

Ancestry & LanguageCultural Diversity in Wamberal

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Wamberal is largely Australian-born, at 84.1% of residents, with 5.2% speaking a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are English (31.6%) and Australian (30.1%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.

Detail

Wamberal was found to have lower than average cultural diversity, with 84.1% of its population born in Australia, 92.2% holding citizenship, and 94.8% speaking only English at home. The predominant religion in Wamberal was Christianity, accounting for 52.8% of the population. However, the most notable overrepresentation was in Judaism, which makes up 0.1% of the population, compared to 0.8% across Greater Sydney. In terms of ancestry (the country of birth of parents), the top three represented groups in Wamberal are English, representing 31.6% of the population, which is substantially higher than the regional average of 19.0%, Australian, representing 30.1% of the population, which is substantially higher than the regional average of 17.8%, and Irish, representing 9.2% of the population.

Additionally, there are notable differences in the representation of certain other ethnic groups: Welsh is notably overrepresented at 1.0% of Wamberal (compared to 0.4% regionally), South Australian at 0.6% (compared to 0.5%) and Lebanese at 0.4% (compared to 2.6%).

Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity

What is the level of cultural diversity in the suburb of Wamberal?
Wamberal was found to be below average in terms of cultural diversity, with 84.1% of its population born in Australia, 92.2% being citizens, and 94.8% speaking English only at home.
What is the most common religion in the suburb of Wamberal?
The main religion in Wamberal was found to be Christianity, which makes up 52.8% of people in Wamberal. However, the most apparent overrepresentation was in Judaism, which comprises 0.1% of the population, compared to 0.8% across Greater Sydney.
What are the top countries of origin in the suburb of Wamberal?
In terms of ancestry (country of birth of parents), the top three represented groups in Wamberal are English, comprising 31.6% of the population, which is substantially higher than the regional average of 19.0%, Australian, comprising 30.1% of the population, which is substantially higher than the regional average of 17.8%, and Irish, comprising 9.2% of the population. Additionally, there are notable divergences in the representation of certain other ethnic groups: Welsh is notably overrepresented at 1.0% of Wamberal (vs 0.4% regionally), South African at 0.6% (vs 0.5%) and Lebanese at 0.4% (vs 2.6%).
How does the percentage of people born overseas compare to the regional average?
15.9% of the the suburb of Wamberal population was born overseas, compared to 40.5% regionally.
What percentage of the the suburb of Wamberal population speaks a language other than English at home?
5.2% of the population in the suburb of Wamberal speaks a language other than English at home, compared to 39.5% in the wider region.
How many people in the suburb of Wamberal identify as Australian Aboriginal?
1.7% of the the suburb of Wamberal population identifies as Australian Aboriginal, compared to 1.3% in the region.
What is the citizenship status of the population in the suburb of Wamberal?
92.2% of the the suburb of Wamberal population holds citizenship, compared to 80.8% in the wider region.

Age StructureAge Profile of Wamberal

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The median resident of Wamberal is 40. 20.7% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.

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With a median age of 40, Wamberal is slightly higher than the Greater Sydney figure of 37, and similarly slightly higher than Australia's 38 years. Compared to the Greater Sydney average, the 55 - 64 cohort is notably over-represented (13.0% locally), while 25 - 34 year-olds are under-represented (7.6%). In the period since 2021, the 75 to 84 age group has grown from 5.1% to 6.7% of the population, while the 85+ cohort increased from 1.9% to 3.4%. Conversely, the 25 to 34 cohort has declined from 8.9% to 7.6% and the 5 to 14 group dropped from 14.9% to 13.8%.

Demographic modeling suggests Wamberal's age profile will evolve significantly by 2041. The 85+ age cohort is projected to surge dramatically, expanding by 279 people (116%) from 242 to 522. Notably, the combined 65+ age groups will account for 75% of total population growth, reflecting the area's aging demographic profile. Meanwhile, the 5 to 14 and 0 to 4 cohorts are expected to experience population declines.

Frequently Asked Questions - Age

What is the median age in the suburb of Wamberal?
According to the latest data, the median age in the suburb of Wamberal is 40 years.
How does the suburb of Wamberal's median age compare to broader areas?
At 40 years, Wamberal is 3 years older than the Greater Sydney average (37 years) and 2 years older than the national average (38 years).
What age groups are over-represented in the suburb of Wamberal?
The most over-represented age group in the suburb of Wamberal compared to the Greater Sydney region is the 55 - 64 group, making up 13.0% of the population.
What age groups are under-represented in the suburb of Wamberal?
The most under-represented age group in the suburb of Wamberal compared to the Greater Sydney region is the 25 - 34 group, making up 7.6% of the population.
Are there age groups with notable population variances?
Yes, certain age groups in the suburb of Wamberal show significant variance compared to the Greater Sydney region. The most over-represented age group is 85+ year-olds (3.4% vs 2.1%). The most under-represented age group is 25-34 year-olds (7.6% vs 16.1%).
What is the percentage of children (0-14 years) in the suburb of Wamberal?
The percentage of children aged 0-14 years in the suburb of Wamberal is 19.4%.
What is the percentage of older people (65+ years) in the suburb of Wamberal?
The percentage of people aged 65 and over in the suburb of Wamberal is 20.3%.

Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Wamberal

Data currency Refreshed

9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Aug 2026.

Everything is aggregated to the Suburb (SAL) boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.

The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section

Section Source & update cycle Currency
Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections
Population ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to May 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline.
Age profile ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to May 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate.
Development & approvals ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) Jun 2026 2 months ago headline measures · May 2026 baseline
Property sales & rents Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents Aug 2026 this month all 21 measures
Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Aug 2026.
Infrastructure projects Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily Oct 2025 10 months ago all 1 projects tracked here
Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Oct 2025.
Employment ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) Mar 2026 5 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census.
Education ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) Aug 2026 this month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Transport ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release Jul 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Services & amenities Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous Jul 2026 last month all 14 measures
Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections
Income ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail.
Health ABS, ATO Annual 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current.
Housing ABS 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures
Households ABS 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures
Cultural diversity ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures

"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.

How the numbers are built

Population

The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 3 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for May 2026, not a 2021 count (6,991 at the 2021 Census → 7,123 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.

Age profile

Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to May 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".

Property sales

Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.

Rents

Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.

Development & infrastructure

Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.

Employment & income

Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.

Education, transport & amenities

School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.

Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.

Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.

Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (SAL14140). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.

Common questions about this page

How do Wamberal suburb boundaries differ from Statistical Areas?
This page uses Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries (suburb-style geography). SAL represents commonly-known suburb names used in addresses, while Statistical Areas (SA2) are designed for census/statistical reporting. Even when sharing the same name, SAL and SA2 boundaries often cover different geographic areas with different populations.
Where does the data on this Wamberal page come from?
AreaSearch compiles this page from official and industry sources — including ABS, Geoscience Australia, Valuer General, Provider directories, DEWR, JSA, State Transport Departments and ACARA — then aggregates them to the boundary shown and calculates the rankings, growth rates and benchmarks itself. Property sales come from the state valuation authority, rents from state rental bond lodgements, development applications from council and state planning portals, school data from ACARA, and public transport from state transport departments.
Is the Wamberal data on this page just from the 2021 Census?
No. Most of this page is maintained well beyond the Census. Sourced entirely from current releases: development & approvals (Jun 2026), property sales & rents (Aug 2026), infrastructure projects (Oct 2025) and services & amenities (Jul 2026). Built on a Census baseline but carrying newer measures on top: population (to May 2026), age profile (to May 2026), employment (to Mar 2026), income (to FY 2023), education (to Aug 2026), transport (to Jul 2026) and health (to 2024). Population and age cohorts in particular are re-based to the latest ABS Estimated Resident Population rather than left at 2021 counts. Only housing, households and cultural diversity remain wholly Census-based, because no more current small-area dataset exists for those measures.

Nearby Areas