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This analysis uses Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, which can materially differ from Statistical Areas (SA2) even when sharing the same name.
SAL boundaries are defined by Australia Post and the Australian Bureau of Statistics to represent commonly-known suburb names used in postal addresses.
Statistical Areas (SA2) are designed for census data collection and may combine multiple suburbs or use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.
est. as @ -- *
2021 Census | -- people
The median house price in Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) is $1.11m, with units at $642k. House values have moved 6.7% a year compounded over five years.
Curious about local property values? Filter the chart to assess the volume and appreciation (including resales) trends and regional comparisons, or scroll to the map below view this information at an individual property level.
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Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) has an estimated 11,800 residents, up from 10,633 at the 2021 Census — a change of 1,167 people, or 11.0%. Growth has averaged 1.8% a year over five years. 334 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. Overseas migration accounts for 44.0% of that increase. That puts 2,149 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.
Detail
According to the evaluation of demographic updates from the ABS for the surrounding region alongside new addresses validated by AreaSearch since the Census, the resident count of the suburb of Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) is projected to be approximately 11,800 as of May 2026. This represents an expansion of 1,167 individuals (11.0%) relative to the 2021 Census, which documented a total of 10,633 people. The estimation is calculated from the resident population of 11,672 determined by AreaSearch via analysing the ABS June 2025 ERP release, combined with an extra 334 validated new addresses established after the Census.
This population level yields a density of 2,149 persons per square kilometer, exceeding the typical figures recorded across national locations assessed by AreaSearch. The growth rate of 11.0% in the suburb of Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) since the 2021 census outpaced the SA4 region (6.0%) and the state, positioning the locality as a leading growth area. This demographic expansion was primarily driven by arrivals from abroad, which comprised roughly 44.0% of the total population gains in recent times, though all other contributors such as natural increase and domestic arrivals also registered positive dynamics. AreaSearch incorporates projections from the ABS and Geoscience Australia for individual SA2 units, published in 2024 with 2022 serving as the baseline. For SA2 territories lacking this data, projections from the NSW State Government at the SA2 scale released in 2022 using 2021 as the baseline are applied. Demographic changes by age bracket derived from these models are also implemented across all locations for the period spanning 2032 to 2041. Looking at prospective demographic developments, a major increase in residency placing the area within the highest national quartile is anticipated, with expectations to add 3,496 residents by 2041 under combined SA2-level models, representing a total expansion of 28.5% over the 16 years.
Frequently Asked Questions - Population
452 new dwellings have been approved in Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) over the past five years, an average of 90 a year. That places the area in the 89th percentile for residential development activity nationally, about 8 approvals per 1,000 residents a year. Of the 104 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 76% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Approvals are currently running at an annualised 63, well below that longer-run average. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this Suburb (SAL) boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.
Detail
Based on analysis by AreaSearch of ABS building approvals mapped from statistical sectors, the locality has seen an average of roughly 90 residential approvals annually, totaling 452 residential properties approved during the previous 5 financial years (between FY-21 and FY-25) and 58 registered during FY-26 so far. Over the previous 5 financial years (between FY-21 and FY-25), the suburb has added 2.2 residents for each completed dwelling, reflecting healthy demand that helps sustain real estate values, with new residential projects carrying an average construction value of $402,000. Additionally, commercial building approvals have reached $58.8 million during this financial year, pointing to robust business activity locally.
Relative to Greater Sydney, construction volumes in this locality are moderately elevated, running 38.0% above the regional average per capita over the 5 year period, which provides options for purchasers while supporting current property values. Residential builds of late consist of 76.0% detached houses and 24.0% multi-unit projects or townhouses, which helps preserve the established suburban feel with an emphasis on spacious dwellings suited for families. Developers are focusing more on traditional houses than the existing dwelling profile suggests (45.0% at Census), showing that demand for detached homes remains strong despite densification trends. The ratio of 84 people per approval highlights the evolving nature of the suburb. Projecting forward, the suburb is set to add 3,368 residents by 2041, looking at the most recent quarterly estimates from AreaSearch. Residential construction is keeping pace with demographic forecasts, though prospective buyers might face stronger market rivalry as the population expands.
Frequently Asked Questions - Development
Development applications around Kingswood (Penrith - NSW)
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| Lodged | Address | Description | Type | Distance | Status |
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SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.
AreaSearch tracks 6 current infrastructure and development projects inside Kingswood (Penrith - NSW), worth an estimated $756 million. A further 80 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $75.3 billion. 33 are already under construction and 36 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, transport & logistics and communities, precincts & urban renewal. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.
Detail
Changes to local infrastructure, major developments, and urban planning decisions represent key drivers of real estate performance. AreaSearch has tracked a total of 25 projects expected to influence this locality. Notable initiatives include the upgrade of Mulgoa Road from Jeanette Street to Blaikie Road, the Sydney Metro Western Sydney Airport line at Orchard Hills Station, the upgrade of Dunheved Road, and the mixed-use development at the Kingswood Hotel, with details on the most significant projects listed below.
Professional plan users can use the search below to filter and access additional projects.
INFRASTRUCTURE SEARCH
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Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure
Dunheved Road Upgrade
Major upgrade of a 4-kilometre section of Dunheved Road between Richmond Road and Werrington Road/Christie Street. The project involves duplicating the road into a four-lane median-separated carriageway, upgrading 11 key intersections, constructing two new bridges across Werrington Creek, and adding active transport facilities including a 3-metre-wide shared user path.
Mulgoa Road Upgrade - Jeanette Street to Blaikie Road
The NSW Government is upgrading and widening Mulgoa Road to a six-lane divided road between Jeanette Street and Blaikie Road. The project includes bus priority lanes, shared active transport paths, noise walls, and upgraded M4 Motorway intersections to ease congestion and improve safety in Penrith.
Hilton Garden Inn Sydney Kingswood
Seven-storey, 140-room Hilton Garden Inn medi-hotel in the Nepean Health Hub, opposite Nepean Hospital. The development includes a full-service restaurant and bar, rooftop bar and seating with Blue Mountains views, meeting rooms, fitness room, food and beverage areas, a 24-hour grab-and-go retail store and three basement levels with 63 car spaces. It is being delivered by Boston Global, with Hilton to manage the hotel under the Hilton Garden Inn brand.
Caddens Corner Stage 2
Mixed-use precinct development featuring 477 residential dwellings, including townhouses and one, two, and three-bedroom apartments. It includes approximately 10,000 sqm of new commercial and retail space, a civic centre, and over 14,000 sqm of communal public space. The development will create a new civic heart at Caddens, extending the existing Caddens Corner Shopping Centre. Located within walking distance of Western Sydney University's Werrington and Kingswood campuses, and TAFE NSW Kingswood campus. Community consultations were completed in June 2025, with a State Significant Development Application (SSDA) planned for submission to the NSW Government.
Matilda Nepean Private Hospital
A 90-bed sub-acute private hospital located in the Penrith Health Precinct. The facility specializes in mental health, rehabilitation, medical, geriatrics, and palliative care. Features include a hydrotherapy pool, multiple gyms, a wellness centre, and premium patient rooms designed with a boutique hotel aesthetic. The hospital officially opened in February 2023 and is fully operational, providing Tier 1 no-gap arrangements with major health funds.
Sydney Metro Western Sydney Airport - Orchard Hills Station
Construction of the Orchard Hills Metro Station and the adjacent Stabling and Maintenance Facility (SMF) as part of the 23km Sydney Metro Western Sydney Airport line. As of May 2026, the project has reached advanced fit-out stages including the installation of platform screen doors, internal architectural finishes, and the completion of the 38-hectare maintenance hub structures. The station will serve as the gateway to a future Orchard Hills town centre, supporting thousands of new homes and jobs.Operational testing is slated for late 2026 ahead of the 2027 opening.
Kingswood Hotel Mixed-Use Development
Approved staged mixed-use redevelopment of the Kingswood Hotel site by Iris Capital. The project includes two residential towers with 133 apartments, a rebuilt hotel with licensed hospitality venues, ground-floor retail and commercial space, basement parking and public domain improvements. The Sydney Western City Planning Panel approved DA21/0945 in June 2023. As of mid-2026 the project remains approved, with the surrounding Kingswood precinct progressing through broader strategic planning by Penrith City Council.
The Quarter - Penrith Health and Education Precinct
The Quarter is a 400-hectare specialized health and education precinct in Western Sydney, integrating Nepean Public and Private Hospitals, Western Sydney University, and TAFE NSW. The centerpiece is the $1 billion Nepean Hospital Redevelopment. Stage 2 is currently in the final year of construction, involving a seven-story clinical building featuring an expanded ICU, medical imaging, nuclear medicine, and a neonatal intensive care unit. As of March 2026, the main entry and facade are complete, with internal fit-out and road upgrades on Barber Avenue progressing toward an expected late 2026 completion.
5,531 residents of Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) are employed, from a labour force of 5,918. Unemployment sits at 6.5%, with participation at 62.4%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.6% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
The local workforce displays a solid skill base with prominent representation in essential service sectors, alongside an unemployment rate of 6.5% compiled by AreaSearch from statistical data. As of March 2026, there are 5,531 working residents, while the joblessness rate is 2.4% higher than the Greater Sydney average of 4.1%, and the participation rate is notably lower (62.4% compared to 69.1% in Greater Sydney). Census figures show that a high proportion of employed residents (28.4%) performed their jobs from home, though this figure likely reflects the influence of pandemic restrictions.
The principal sectors employing local residents are healthcare & social assistance, retail trade, and construction. There is a particularly high concentration of workers in healthcare & social assistance, standing at 1.4 times the wider metropolitan average. Conversely, professional & technical services are underrepresented, accounting for only 4.7% of local workers compared to 11.5% in Greater Sydney. Although local jobs exist, census data matching working residents to local jobs suggests a significant portion of the workforce travels outside the suburb for employment. Based on AreaSearch research using SALM and ABS statistics for the broader region, the size of the labour force contracted by 5.1% during the year ending March 2026, while total employment fell by 5.5%, leading to a 0.3 percentage point rise in unemployment. In contrast, Greater Sydney recorded a 1.9% rise in employment, a 1.9% expansion of the labor force, and a minor reduction in unemployment. National occupational forecasts from Jobs and Skills Australia issued in May-25 offer additional clues on future local employment trends. These projections, covering five and ten-year horizons, have been adjusted to the local industry profile to estimate future trends. Nationally, employment is projected to grow by 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, though individual sector growth varies. Applying these trends to the local industry mix suggests employment among residents could rise by 6.6% over five years and 13.9% over ten years, assuming a basic weighted calculation that does not factor in specific local population changes.
Frequently Asked Questions - Employment
Median household income in Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) is $1,397 a week (about $73,000 a year), with median personal income at $747 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $47,666 a year against an average of $53,823. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.
Detail
According to the latest ATO tax statistics compiled by AreaSearch for financial year 2023, personal earnings in this area fall below the national benchmark. Taxpayers recorded a median income of $47,666 and an average income of $53,823, compared to Greater Sydney averages of $60,817 and $83,003 respectively. Adjusting for the Wage Price Index increase of 10.32% since financial year 2023, these figures are estimated to be roughly $52,585 for the median and $59,378 for the average as of March 2026. Looking at the 2021 Census, household, family, and individual incomes are all relatively low, positioning the suburb between the 28th and 38th percentiles nationally.
Analysis of income distribution shows that the cohort earning between $1,500 and $2,999 is the largest, representing 34.1% of residents (4,023 people), which matches the wider region where this group makes up 30.9%. Affordability pressures are significant, leaving residents with only 78.1% of their income after housing costs, placing the area in the 21st percentile.
Frequently Asked Questions - Income
Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) had 4,003 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 45% detached houses and 20% apartments. 26% are owned with a mortgage, 57% rented and 18% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $355 a week and the median mortgage repayment $1,755 a month. Rent absorbs 25.4% of household income here and mortgage repayments 29.0%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.
Detail
The composition of residential properties at the time of the latest Census stood at 44.8% standalone houses and 55.3% other types of housing, including apartments and townhouses, compared to the broader Sydney metropolitan breakdown of 55.9% houses and 44.1% other dwellings. The rate of home ownership was lower than the Sydney metropolitan average, sitting at 17.6%, with the remaining properties occupied by residents with a mortgage (25.8%) or renting (56.6%). Monthly mortgage costs were lower than the metropolitan average at a median of $1,755, and weekly rent stood at a median of $355, compared to metropolitan figures of $2,427 and $470 respectively.
Nationally, local mortgage commitments are lower than the Australian average of $1,863, and rent levels sit below the countrywide average of $375.
Frequently Asked Questions - Housing
Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) counted 4,003 households at the 2021 Census, an estimated 4,442 today, averaging 2.4 people each. 25% are couples with children, against 18% couples without children. 35% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.6 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Families make up the majority of households at 60.6%, which is composed of couples with children (24.7%), couples without children (17.8%), and single parent households (16.1%). Non-family households account for 39.4% of the total, with lone person households representing 35.0% and group households making up 4.4%. The average household size stands at 2.4 residents, which is smaller than the Greater Sydney average of 2.7.
Frequently Asked Questions - Households
25.4% of adults in Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) hold a university qualification, including 16.3% with a bachelor degree and 7.5% with postgraduate qualifications. A further 25.2% hold a vocational qualification. 5 schools serve the area, with 3,060 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 998 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.
Detail
The locality displays lower levels of tertiary education, with university degree holders making up 25.4% of the population, which is considerably below the Greater Sydney average of 38.0%. Among those with university credentials, bachelor degrees are the most common at 16.3%, followed by postgraduate degrees at 7.5% and graduate diplomas at 1.6%. Vocational and technical training is highly prevalent, with 35.3% of residents aged 15+ holding qualifications in these fields, split between advanced diplomas (10.1%) and certificates (25.2%). A high proportion of the local population is engaged in study, with 33.9% of residents enrolled in an educational institution.
This includes 11.4% attending primary school, 6.5% in secondary education, and 6.5% enrolled in higher education.
Frequently Asked Questions - Education
Schools Detail
Public transport in Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) reaches 106 stops on 64 routes, timetabled for about 5,600 services a week. The typical home sits about 150 m from its nearest stop. Buses carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 0.9 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Public transit infrastructure includes 106 active stops throughout the area, consisting of bus and rail options. These stops service 64 distinct routes, delivering a combined 5,574 passenger trips weekly. Transit access is highly convenient, with residents living an average of 146 meters from the nearest stop. The suburb is primarily residential, and most workers commute to external areas, with private vehicles remaining the primary mode of travel at 78%, followed by trains at 11% and walking at 5%. Car ownership is below the metropolitan average, sitting at 0.9 vehicles per household.
Working from home was recorded for 28.4% of residents at the 2021 Census, which may reflect pandemic-era workplace restrictions. Transit services average 796 daily runs across the network, translating to roughly 52 passenger services per week at each individual stop. The adjacent map displays the 100 closest stops relative to the central point of the suburb.
Frequently Asked Questions - Transport
Transport Stops Detail
65.2% of residents in Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) report no long-term health condition, a less healthy profile than 92% of areas nationally. 7.1% need daily assistance with core activities, and 48.3% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 7.0 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.
Detail
Key health issues are prominent in the community, based on AreaSearch assessments of mortality patterns and the occurrence of chronic illnesses affecting both younger and older cohorts, alongside a very low rate of private health insurance, which covers only about 48% of the population (~5,695 people). This rate is lower than the Greater Sydney figure of 59.9% and the national average of 55.7%. Mental health concerns and asthma are the most prevalent conditions reported, affecting 11.2 and 9.7% of the community respectively, while 65.2% of residents reported having no chronic health conditions, compared to 74.6% across Greater Sydney.
The working-age cohort exhibits elevated levels of chronic disease. Residents aged 65 and older make up 13.2% of the population (1,557 people), which is lower than the Greater Sydney average of 15.5%. Health outcomes for local seniors are generally consistent with national trends.
Frequently Asked Questions - Health
32.3% of Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) residents were born overseas and 29.6% speak a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are Australian (23.2%) and English (21.5%). 4.1% of residents identify as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander. Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
The neighborhood displays higher levels of cultural diversity than most local markets, with 32.3% of residents born outside Australia and 29.6% using a non-English language at home. Christianity is the primary religious affiliation, representing 49.7% of residents. The most pronounced difference from the metropolitan average is in the Other category, which accounts for 3.4% of local residents compared to 1.4% across Greater Sydney. Looking at ancestral background, the most common responses are Australian at 23.2% (above the regional average of 17.8%), English at 21.5%, and Other at 15.4%. There are also distinct concentrations of specific background groups compared to the wider region, with Filipino residents representing 3.2% (compared to 2.0% regionally), Polish at 1.0% (compared to 0.6%), and Maltese at 1.3% (compared to 1.0%).
Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity
The median resident of Kingswood (Penrith - NSW) is 34, younger than 82% of areas nationally. 30.4% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.
Detail
The median age of residents is 34 years, which is younger than the Greater Sydney average of 37 and the national average of 38 years. Compared to Greater Sydney, the area has a larger share of residents aged 25 - 34 (17.4%) but fewer people in the 55 - 64 age bracket (9.1%). Since the 2021 Census, the proportion of residents aged 35 to 44 increased from 15.4% to 16.5%. Conversely, the 25 to 34 age group shrank from 18.5% to 17.4% and the 0 to 4 group declined from 7.3% to 6.2%.
Future projections for 2041 indicate significant changes, with the 45 to 54 cohort expected to grow by 39%, adding 551 people to reach 1,979. In contrast, the youngest age group of 0 to 4 is expected to grow by only 8% (58 people).
Frequently Asked Questions - Age
Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Kingswood (Penrith - NSW)
9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Aug 2026.
Everything is aggregated to the Suburb (SAL) boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.
The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section
| Section | Source & update cycle | Currency |
|---|---|---|
| Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections | ||
| Population | ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to May 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline. | ||
| Age profile | ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to May 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate. | ||
| Development & approvals | ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) | Jun 2026 2 months ago headline measures · May 2026 baseline |
| Property sales & rents | Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents | Aug 2026 this month all 21 measures |
| Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Aug 2026. | ||
| Infrastructure projects | Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily | Jul 2026 last month all 6 projects tracked here |
| Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Jul 2026. | ||
| Employment | ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) | Mar 2026 5 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census. | ||
| Education | ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) | Aug 2026 this month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Transport | ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release | Jul 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Services & amenities | Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous | Jul 2026 last month all 14 measures |
| Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections | ||
| Income | ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) | FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail. | ||
| Health | ABS, ATO Annual | 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current. | ||
| Housing | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures |
| Households | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures |
| Cultural diversity | ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures |
"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.
How the numbers are built
Population
The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 334 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for May 2026, not a 2021 count (10,633 at the 2021 Census → 11,800 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.
Age profile
Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to May 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".
Property sales
Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.
Rents
Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.
Development & infrastructure
Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.
Employment & income
Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.
Education, transport & amenities
School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.
Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.
Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.
Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (SAL12171). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.