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This analysis uses Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, which can materially differ from Statistical Areas (SA2) even when sharing the same name.
SAL boundaries are defined by Australia Post and the Australian Bureau of Statistics to represent commonly-known suburb names used in postal addresses.
Statistical Areas (SA2) are designed for census data collection and may combine multiple suburbs or use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.
est. as @ -- *
2021 Census | -- people
The median house price in Gwandalan is $890k, with units at $742k. House values have moved 4.8% a year compounded over five years.
Curious about local property values? Filter the chart to assess the volume and appreciation (including resales) trends and regional comparisons, or scroll to the map below view this information at an individual property level.
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Sales Detail
Gwandalan has an estimated 3,850 residents, up from 3,785 at the 2021 Census — a change of 65 people, or 1.7%. Growth has averaged 0.8% a year over five years, slower than 82% of areas nationally. That puts 1,342 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.
Detail
As of Aug 2026, the suburb of Gwandalan has an estimated population of around 3,850, according to AreaSearch research incorporating wider ABS regional updates and 9 validated new addresses confirmed since the Census. This represents a gain of 65 people (1.7%) relative to the 2021 Census tally of 3,785 people. AreaSearch established the 3,850 resident figure by assessing the ABS June 2025 ERP release alongside post-Census address additions. The resulting density stands at 1,341 persons per square kilometer, exceeding the typical benchmark across AreaSearch's national study locations. Across the prior decade, the suburb of Gwandalan exhibited steady expansion with a 1.6% compound annual growth rate that surpassed the broader SA3 area.
Recent population growth has been propelled predominantly by interstate migration, which accounted for approximately 67.0% of net population additions, alongside positive contributions from natural growth and overseas migration. Population projections for the suburb of Gwandalan utilise ABS/Geoscience Australia SA2 modeling published in 2024 with a 2022 baseline, supplemented where needed by NSW State Government SA2 figures released in 2022 based on 2021. For the period spanning 2032 to 2041, cohort growth patterns derived from these data sets are applied across all locations. Forward-looking aggregated SA2 projections indicate above median population growth relative to statistical areas nationally, with the suburb of Gwandalan anticipated to add 665 persons by 2041, translating to a cumulative expansion of 17.3% across the 16 years.
Frequently Asked Questions - Population
33 new dwellings have been approved in Gwandalan over the past five years, an average of 6 a year. That is 2.1 approvals per 1,000 residents. Approvals are currently running at an annualised 6, broadly in line with that longer-run average. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this Suburb (SAL) boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.
Detail
Residential building approvals in Gwandalan average around 6 dwellings annually based on AreaSearch allocations of ABS statistics, with an estimated 33 homes sanctioned across the past 5 financial years (between FY-21 and FY-25) and 6 recorded to date in FY-25. With an influx averaging 3.8 new residents per year for each residential dwelling built across the past 5 financial years (between FY-21 and FY-25), structural housing demand comfortably exceeds additions, generating upward pressure on local pricing and buyer competition, while newly approved dwellings carry an average construction cost of $486,000.
On the commercial front, approvals total $368,000 for this financial year, pointing to very limited non-residential building activity. Per capita residential construction in Gwandalan is considerably subdued, tracking 52.0% below regional average rates across Greater Sydney and falling short of national benchmarks, highlighting its established urban footprint and prospective planning constraints. Constrained construction volumes have served to underpin demand and values across the existing residential market. Recent building consents comprise 75.0% detached dwellings alongside 25.0% medium and high-density housing, preserving a low-density character appealing to buyers seeking space. This development composition represents a meaningful shift from the prevailing dwelling stock of 97.0% houses, reflecting tighter land availability, evolving lifestyle preferences, and housing affordability needs. With around 639 people per approval, Gwandalan reflects a mature residential landscape. Urban growth forecasts indicate Gwandalan will expand by 665 residents through to 2041 according to recent quarterly modeling from AreaSearch. If residential construction proceeds at prevailing rates, new dwelling supply could lag population growth, reinforcing competition for housing and bolstering asset values.
Frequently Asked Questions - Development
Development applications around Gwandalan
Loading development applications…
| Lodged | Address | Description | Type | Distance | Status |
|---|
SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.
AreaSearch tracks 28 current infrastructure and development projects close to Gwandalan, worth an estimated $1.52 billion. 7 are already under construction and 15 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, sports & recreation and transport & logistics. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.
Detail
Strategic planning, infrastructure additions, and major projects exert a powerful influence on community development. While AreaSearch has identified no projects with a direct local footprint, significant regional initiatives of interest include the Crangan Bay Residential Estate, South East Growth Area Plan, Draft Greater Newcastle Metropolitan Plan 2036, and the High Speed Rail - Newcastle to Sydney (Line 1) proposal.
Professional plan users can use the search below to filter and access additional projects.
INFRASTRUCTURE SEARCH
Denotes AI-based impression for illustrative purposes only, not to be taken as definitive under any circumstances. Please follow links and conduct other investigations from the project's source for actual imagery. Developers and project owners wishing us to use original imagery please Contact Us and we will do so.
Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure
Trinity Point Marina & Resort Development
A $665 million luxury carbon-neutral waterfront destination designed by Koichi Takada. The State Significant Development includes a 5-star hotel with up to 220 rooms, 180 luxury residential apartments, and an expansion of the existing marina to 188 berths. Features include two 300-seat restaurants, a world-class wellness retreat, a floating helipad, and a public foreshore boardwalk. The project targets a 4-Star Green Star certification using green roofs and solar technology.
Darkinjung LALC & Landcom Housing Project
A partnership between Darkinjung LALC and Landcom to develop a site at Lake Munmorah, with early investigations showing potential for approximately 380 new dwellings, including affordable housing. The project includes a planning proposal to rezone approximately 75 hectares of land for residential development with an estimated yield of 600 lots, and around 88 hectares for environmental conservation. Rezoning was completed in late 2022.
Lakes Ridge Residential Estate
A 283-lot residential subdivision on 27.2 hectares of land. The development has received consent and includes 3 hectares for conservation, restoration of a wetland, a local park, and walking/cycleways.
Lake Munmorah Recreation Facility
A $3.81 million project to create a significant active precinct including an inclusive regional-sized playspace, a district-level skatepark and pump track, an upgraded access road and carpark, and supporting recreational infrastructure.
Caves Beach Ambulance Station
A new purpose-built ambulance station featuring internal parking for emergency vehicles, a dedicated wash bay, multipurpose paramedic areas, gym, and training rooms. It is part of the $615.5 million NSW Ambulance Infrastructure Program designed to optimize response times for the Caves Beach, Swansea, and Nords Wharf communities. Artist impressions were officially unveiled in January 2026, with construction expected to commence later in the year following contractor appointment.
South East Growth Area Plan
A strategic plan by Lake Macquarie City Council to manage and guide growth in the South East area of the LGA, including Swansea, Caves Beach, and Catherine Hill Bay. The plan focuses on leveraging the area's natural assets to become a tourism hub, while also accommodating population growth through appropriate development and infrastructure upgrades.
42-44 Lake Road Residential Development
A 3-storey residential building comprising 20 apartments (3 one-bedroom and 17 two-bedroom), a 27 square metre commercial kiosk, 21 car parking spaces, and 1,012 square metres of landscaping. The development received approval from Lake Macquarie Council in April 2024 despite community concerns regarding traffic, drainage, and overshadowing. The building height of 12.22 metres exceeds the development standard by 2.2 metres to accommodate flood-level requirements for ground-floor apartments. The project includes communal open space and additional setbacks to southern boundaries to maintain solar access and privacy for neighbouring properties.
Swansea Channel Permanent Dredging Solution
A permanent dredging solution for Swansea Channel involving a Beaver 30 dredge vessel and a new sand transfer system to maintain safe navigation, pumping sand to Blacksmiths Beach. The project also includes upgrades to the Blacksmiths boat ramp.
1,956 residents of Gwandalan are employed, from a labour force of 2,013. Unemployment sits at 2.8%, with participation at 63.1%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.4% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. The working-day population is estimated at 2,943, about 76% of the resident population, so more people leave the area for work than travel in. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Gwandalan maintains a diverse employment base that includes both white collar and blue collar positions, with essential services industries well represented, an unemployment rate of 2.8%, and an estimated employment growth of 3.1% over the previous year according to AreaSearch aggregation of statistical area data. As of March 2026, 1,956 residents are employed while the unemployment rate stands at 1.3% lower than Greater Sydney's rate of 4.1%, and workforce participation is notably lower at 63.1% compared to Greater Sydney's 68.9%. Census data indicates that 23.3% of residents worked from home, though the influence of Covid-19 lockdown periods should be taken into account when interpreting these figures.
Health care & social assistance, construction, and retail trade constitute the primary employment sectors for local workers. Workforce concentration is exceptionally pronounced in construction, where local participation runs at 2.0 times the regional average. Conversely, professional & technical roles account for only 4.5% of Gwandalan's resident workers versus 11.5% in Greater Sydney. The Census balance between working population and resident labour indicates a largely residential community with limited internal employment generation. According to AreaSearch's evaluation of ABS and SALM metrics over the 12 months to March 2026, local employment expanded by 3.1% while the labour pool grew by 3.3%, yielding a 0.3 percentage points rise in unemployment. Across Greater Sydney over the same timeframe, employment climbed by 1.9%, the labour force rose by 1.9%, and unemployment declined marginally. Longer-term employment prospects can be gauged through national projections from Jobs and Skills Australia as of Mar-26, which anticipate countrywide employment expanding 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years. Weighting these sectoral forecasts against Gwandalan's occupational profile indicates prospective local employment growth of 6.4% over five years and 13.4% over ten years, noting this illustrative extrapolation excludes localised demographic adjustments.
Frequently Asked Questions - Employment
Median household income in Gwandalan is $1,493 a week (about $78,000 a year), with median personal income at $687 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $49,670 a year against an average of $60,356. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.
Detail
According to AreaSearch compilations of ATO postcode statistics for financial year 2023, taxpayers in the suburb of Gwandalan recorded a median income of $49,670 and an average income of $60,356, trailing national benchmarks as well as Greater Sydney medians of $60,817 and averages of $83,003. Applying a 10.32% Wage Price Index increase recorded since financial year 2023 yields updated estimates of approximately $54,796 for median income and $66,585 for average income as of March 2026. Findings from the 2021 Census place local personal, family, and household earnings between the 25th and 35th percentiles nationally.
The predominant weekly income bracket spans $1,500 - 2,999, taking in 34.3% of residents (1,320 people), consistent with the 30.9% regional proportion. Affordability pressures leave households with 82.8% of income after shelter costs, ranking at the 34th percentile.
Frequently Asked Questions - Income
Gwandalan had 1,426 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 97% detached houses and 1% apartments. 43% are owned with a mortgage, 20% rented and 37% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $385 a week and the median mortgage repayment $1,800 a month. Rent absorbs 25.8% of household income here and mortgage repayments 27.8%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.
Detail
At the most recent Census, the housing stock in Gwandalan consisted of 96.7 percent houses alongside 3.3 percent other dwelling types such as semi-detached units, apartments, and other residential structures, which contrasts sharply with the Sydney metro area where houses make up 55.9 percent and other dwellings account for 44.1 percent. Home ownership rates in Gwandalan significantly outpace those across the Sydney metro, standing at 36.9 percent, whereas the rest of the housing units are split between mortgaged properties at 43.2 percent and rented homes at 19.9 percent. Monthly mortgage payments in Gwandalan fall considerably below the Sydney metro mean of $1,800, and weekly rent amounts are listed at $385, compared to the Sydney metro benchmarks of $2,427 and $470 respectively.
On a national scale, mortgage costs in Gwandalan remain under the Australian average of $1,863, yet rental expenses surpass the national standard of $375.
Frequently Asked Questions - Housing
Gwandalan counted 1,426 households at the 2021 Census, averaging 2.5 people each. 31% are couples with children, against 32% couples without children. 22% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.8 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Families constitute 75.6% of local households, made up of couples without children (32.2%), couples with children (30.7%), and single parent families (11.3%). Non-family living arrangements account for the remaining 24.4%, with lone person households representing 22.4% and group households comprising 2.1%. The area records a median household size of 2.5 people, slightly below the 2.7 benchmark for Greater Sydney.
Frequently Asked Questions - Households
11.5% of adults in Gwandalan hold a university qualification, including 8.4% with a bachelor degree and 1.5% with postgraduate qualifications, lower than 82% of areas nationally. A further 38.1% hold a vocational qualification. 1 school serves the area, with 348 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 955 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.
Detail
Tertiary educational attainment in the area is comparatively low, with university qualification levels at 11.5% versus 38.0% across Greater Sydney, highlighting scope for educational development programs. Higher education credentials include bachelor degrees at 8.4%, graduate diplomas at 1.6%, and postgraduate qualifications at 1.5%. Conversely, technical training is widespread, with 47.4% of residents aged 15+ holding vocational certifications, comprising 38.1% in certificates and 9.3% in advanced diplomas. Current participation in schooling and academic programs is robust, with 26.3% of local residents enrolled in formal studies. This cohort comprises 9.8% attending primary education, 7.0% engaged in secondary education, and 2.6% enrolled in tertiary education.
Frequently Asked Questions - Education
Schools Detail
Public transport in Gwandalan reaches 16 stops on 22 routes, timetabled for about 240 services a week. The typical home sits about 210 m from its nearest stop. Households keep an average of 1.6 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Public transport connectivity in Gwandalan comprises 16 bus stops operating across 22 transit routes, which together account for 239 weekly passenger trips. Access to transit is convenient, with residents located an average of 212 meters from their closest boarding point. Commuters predominantly travel outside the area using private vehicles, which represent the main transit mode at 97%, supported by vehicle ownership of 1.6 per dwelling that exceeds regional norms. Census records from 2021 showed 23.3% of residents working from home, influenced in part by prevailing pandemic restrictions. Transit service schedules deliver an average of 34 trips per day across the network, providing approximately 14 weekly trips for each individual stop in the suburb.
Frequently Asked Questions - Transport
Transport Stops Detail
62.5% of residents in Gwandalan report no long-term health condition, a less healthy profile than 81% of areas nationally. 7.1% need daily assistance with core activities, and 50.8% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 5.6 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.
Detail
Local health profiles compiled by AreaSearch indicate elevated mortality and chronic illness rates across younger and older demographics alike, accompanied by a low private health insurance uptake of approximately 51% of the total population (~1,956 people), lagging the 59.9% coverage observed across Greater Sydney. Prevalent medical conditions reported among residents include arthritis at 11.1% and mental health conditions at 9.4%, while 62.5% of the community reported no chronic health diagnoses compared to 74.6% across Greater Sydney. Chronic illnesses present distinct challenges for the working-age population. Furthermore, seniors aged 65 and over represent 22.7% of residents (873 people), exceeding the 15.5% share in Greater Sydney, with older cohort health outcomes aligning closely with nationwide benchmarks.
Frequently Asked Questions - Health
Gwandalan is largely Australian-born, at 89.7% of residents, with 4.0% speaking a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are Australian (31.7%) and English (31.4%). 4.7% of residents identify as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander. Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Cultural diversity measures in Gwandalan track below metropolitan averages, with 89.7% of residents born in Australia, 93.2% holding citizenship, and 96.0% speaking only English in domestic settings. Christianity represents the primary religious affiliation at 55.3% of the community, exceeding the 49.2% recorded across Greater Sydney. Ancestral backgrounds are led by Australian heritage at 31.7% of the populace and English heritage at 31.4%, both tracking well above their respective regional benchmarks of 17.8% and 19.0%, alongside Irish heritage at 9.3%. Other distinct cultural representations include Australian Aboriginal ancestry at 4.7% (compared to 1.3% regionally), Maltese at 2.0% (versus 1.0%), and Serbian at 0.4% (against 0.5%).
Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity
The median resident of Gwandalan is 42. 23.1% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.
Detail
Demographic estimates updated to August 2026 show an older age structure in Gwandalan than Greater Sydney, with retirees and elderly residents (65+) making up 22.7% of the population compared to 15.5% regionally, while young to middle aged adults (25 - 44) account for 23.3% versus 31.4% across the broader metro area. The median age is estimated at 42, matching the 2021 Census and sitting 5 years above the Greater Sydney median of 37 recorded in 2021. Mature adults and younger retirees (45 - 64) have decreased from 26.9% at the Census to an estimated 25.2%.
Over the horizon to 2041, senior demographics are projected to drive local growth, increasing by 342 residents (39%) to reach a total of 1,216.
Frequently Asked Questions - Age
Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Gwandalan
9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Oct 2026.
Everything is aggregated to the Suburb (SAL) boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.
The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section
| Section | Source & update cycle | Currency |
|---|---|---|
| Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections | ||
| Population | ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) | Aug 2026 2 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to Aug 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline. | ||
| Age profile | ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual | Aug 2026 2 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to Aug 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate. | ||
| Development & approvals | ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) | Aug 2026 2 months ago headline measures · Jul 2026 baseline |
| Property sales & rents | Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents | Oct 2026 this month headline measures · Sep 2026 baseline |
| Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Oct 2026. | ||
| Infrastructure projects | Infrastructure Australia, Local governments Daily | May 2026 5 months ago all 2 projects tracked here |
| Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated May 2026. | ||
| Employment | ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) | Mar 2026 7 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census. | ||
| Education | ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) | Sep 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Transport | ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release | Jul 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Services & amenities | Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous | Sep 2026 last month all 14 measures |
| Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections | ||
| Income | ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) | FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail. | ||
| Health | ABS, ATO Annual | 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current. | ||
| Housing | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures |
| Households | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures |
| Cultural diversity | ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures |
"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.
How the numbers are built
Population
The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 9 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for Aug 2026, not a 2021 count (3,785 at the 2021 Census → 3,850 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.
Age profile
Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to Aug 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".
Property sales
Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.
Rents
Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.
Development & infrastructure
Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.
Employment & income
Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.
Education, transport & amenities
School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.
Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.
Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.
Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (SAL11831). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.