North Parramatta

SA2

Greater Sydney / Parramatta

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Statistical Area (SA2) Boundary Analysis

This analysis uses ABS Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2) boundaries, which can materially differ from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) even when sharing similar names.

SA2 boundaries are defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and are designed to represent communities for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP).

Suburbs and Localities (SAL) represent commonly-used suburb/locality names (postal-style areas) and may use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.

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Sales ActivityProperty Sales Trends in North Parramatta

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The median house price in North Parramatta is $1.82m, with units at $650k. House values have moved 4.1% a year compounded over five years.

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DemographicsPopulation Growth in North Parramatta

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North Parramatta has an estimated 23,781 residents, up from 22,878 at the 2021 Census — a change of 903 people, or 3.9%. That puts 3,368 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.

Detail

According to investigations by AreaSearch, the resident population of North Parramatta is calculated at approximately 23,781 in May 2026. This represents a growth of 903 individuals (3.9%) relative to the 2021 Census, which recorded 22,878 inhabitants. This shift is calculated using the official ABS estimated resident population of 23,781 in June 2025 alongside 83 validated new addresses confirmed since the Census. Such a population size results in a density of 3,368 persons per square kilometer, placing the locality in the top quartile of all Australian areas analyzed. The primary driver of this demographic expansion was international migration, which accounted for roughly 87.4% of the total population gains recently.

Projections from ABS and Geoscience Australia published in 2024 using 2022 as a starting point are utilized by AreaSearch for each SA2 region. For locations lacking this coverage, SA2 projections from the NSW State Government released in 2022 with a 2021 baseline are substituted. The age-specific growth rates derived from these sources are projected forward to the years 2032 to 2041. Based on these anticipated demographic trends, substantial growth placing the suburb in the highest national quartile is expected, with the population projected to rise by 6,705 individuals by 2041 relative to the most recent annual ERP statistics, translating to a total expansion of 28.2% over the 16 years.

Frequently Asked Questions - Population

What is the latest population estimate for the North Parramatta SA2?
Total population for the North Parramatta SA2 was estimated to be approximately 23,781 as at May 26. This is based upon an estimated resident population of 23,781 from the ABS up to June 2025.
How has the population in the North Parramatta SA2 changed since 2021?
The north parramatta sa2 has added approximately 903 people and shown a 3.95% increase from the 22,878 people recorded at the 2021 Census period.
What is the population density in the North Parramatta SA2?
The population density in the North Parramatta SA2 is estimated at 3,368 persons per square kilometer based on the latest population estimate.
How much has the population grown over the past 10 years in the North Parramatta SA2?
Over the past 10 years, the population in the North Parramatta SA2 has shown a compound annual growth rate of 0.5% per annum.
What are the main drivers of population growth in the North Parramatta SA2?
Population growth in the North Parramatta SA2 is driven by: Overseas migration (87.4%), Natural increase (12.6%), Interstate migration (0.0%). The primary driver is Overseas migration, contributing 87.4% of overall population gains.

Residential SupplyHousing Development & Building Approvals in North Parramatta

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217 new dwellings have been approved in North Parramatta over the past five years, an average of 43 a year. That is 1.9 approvals per 1,000 residents. Of the 40 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 30% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Approvals are currently running at an annualised 64, running ahead of that longer-run average. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this SA2 boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.

Detail

Approximately 43 building approvals for residential dwellings have been registered annually in North Parramatta, representing a sum of 217 residences over the course of the last 5 financial years. In the current FY-26 period, 59 approvals have been logged. Because the population decreased during the preceding interval, the volume of housing has remained sufficient to meet local demand, sustaining a balanced market offering ample choice to buyers, while newly approved dwellings carry a mean building cost of $456,000—slightly higher than regional benchmarks—which points to a focus on superior construction. Furthermore, commercial building approvals have reached $97.6 million this financial year, demonstrating robust commercial building activity.

Compared to the broader Greater Sydney region, North Parramatta experiences significantly lower building activity, running 75.0% below regional average per person. This restricted building volume generally supports demand and prices for existing stock, even though building rates have recently stepped up. This level is also below national standards, reflecting the established state of the local area and hinting at potential constraints in planning policies. Recent residential development consists of 30.0% detached houses and 70.0% multi-dwelling units or apartments. This preference for higher density housing offers more affordable entry points and suits downsizers, property investors, and first-time purchasers. With a ratio of roughly 409 people per dwelling approval, North Parramatta represents a highly mature market. Looking forward, projections indicate North Parramatta will add 6,705 residents by 2041 starting from the most recent quarterly estimate by AreaSearch. Should current construction volumes persist, the supply of new dwellings may fail to match the incoming population, potentially intensifying buyer competition and driving stronger capital appreciation.

Frequently Asked Questions - Development

How many dwelling approvals have occurred in the North Parramatta SA2 recently?
Dwelling approval activity in the the North Parramatta SA2 area has seen 117 residential approvals over the past two financial years, based on AreaSearch's SA2 aggregation method. The North Parramatta SA2's current population of 23,781 has been supported by 43 approvals on average over recent years.
How does the North Parramatta SA2's development activity compare to the broader region?
The North Parramatta SA2 has seen 0.18 approvals per 100 people in recent years, compared to 0.65 approvals in the broader region. This means that one dwelling has been approved for every 409 people in the North Parramatta SA2, compared to one for every 190 in the broader region.
Is the North Parramatta SA2 keeping up with housing demand?
With the population expected to increase by 6,705 people by 2041, around 3,353 new dwellings will be necessary. Recent approval levels may be insufficient to meet these forecasts, considering the census average of 2.0 persons per dwelling. This indicates potential housing shortages if current approval trends continue.
What has been the trend in development approvals over the past five years in the North Parramatta SA2?
Looking at development activity over the past five years, the North Parramatta SA2's approval levels have been significantly above the yearly average of 43, indicating strong recent growth in development activity.
How many dwellings will be needed to accommodate future population growth in the North Parramatta SA2?
The population in the North Parramatta SA2 is expected to grow by 6,705 people by 2041, necessitating approximately 3,353 new dwellings. This calculation is based on the current census average of 2.0 persons per dwelling in the area.
How does recent development compare to population growth in the North Parramatta SA2?
Over the past five years, the population in the North Parramatta SA2 has grown by approximately 6,731 people, while 217 residential approvals were recorded. This equates to a ratio of 31.0 people added for each new dwelling approval. This high ratio suggests strong population growth relative to housing supply, potentially indicating unmet housing demand.
Are there opportunities for residential developers in the North Parramatta SA2?
With dwelling approval activity running at an average of 43 approvals per year and a population of 23,781, there appears to be a supply shortfall relative to projected demand, presenting strong opportunities for residential developers. With the population expected to increase by 6,705 people by 2041, around 3,353 new dwellings will be necessary. Current approval trends may be insufficient to meet forecast demand, indicating strong development opportunities.
Approvals Pipeline Development applications near North Parramatta

Development applications around North Parramatta

Development approvals is a new addition to AreaSearch. We’re actively expanding council coverage and refining the dataset — details and statuses for some councils may be partial. Check back regularly for the latest pipeline.
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SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.

Project PipelineInfrastructure & Major Projects in North Parramatta

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AreaSearch tracks 9 current infrastructure and development projects inside North Parramatta, worth an estimated $4.77 billion. A further 191 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $139.2 billion. 51 are already under construction and 88 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, communities, precincts & urban renewal and communities. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.

Detail

Suburb dynamics are heavily shaped by updates to regional infrastructure, major works, and urban planning schemes. AreaSearch has identified a total of 72 projects expected to influence the local area. Principal developments include the Riverside Theatres Redevelopment, the Parramatta Live Precinct, the Parramatta North Urban Renewal Precinct, and Stage 1 of the Parramatta North Health and Innovation Precinct, with the following list detailing those of the greatest relevance.

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Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure

What are some of the major infrastructure and planning changes likely to influence the North Parramatta SA2?
Key infrastructure and planning changes likely to influence the North Parramatta SA2 include: Riverside Theatres Redevelopment (Planning); Parramatta Live Precinct (Planning); Parramatta North Urban Renewal Precinct (Planning); Parramatta North Health and Innovation Precinct (Stage 1) (Under Assessment); and Powerhouse Parramatta (Construction). These projects represent significant developments that will shape the area's future infrastructure landscape.
What types of infrastructure projects are impacting the North Parramatta SA2?
Infrastructure development impacting the North Parramatta SA2 spans multiple sectors including Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal, Transport & Logistics, and Arts & Culture, among others.
What is the scale of infrastructure investment impacting the North Parramatta SA2?
Infrastructure investment analysis indicates substantial capital deployment exceeding $38.3 billion in projects that will impact the extended area, with a notable concentration of investment within the immediate the North Parramatta SA2 vicinity.
How does the North Parramatta SA2's infrastructure development compare to other areas?
With an infrastructure score in the top 30%, the North Parramatta SA2 demonstrates above-average development activity compared to national benchmarks.
Riverside Theatres Redevelopment
Category: Arts & Culture
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 2030
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

The major redevelopment of the Riverside Theatres aims to create a world-class performing arts centre that doubles the existing capacity to 2,780 seats. The project includes a new 1,500-seat Broadway-style lyric theatre, a refurbished 760-seat Riverside Playhouse, a new 430-seat black-box drama theatre, and a 116-seat digital studio and cinema. The winning design by COX Architecture, 3XN, and others incorporates First Nations narratives and opens the venue toward the Parramatta River with new public spaces, a riverside bar, and a cafe.

Arts & Culture

North-East Investigation Planning Area (NEPIA) Planning Proposal
Category: Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 2029
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Planning proposal across 25 sites east of Church Street North aiming to uplift floor space ratios and maximum building heights to deliver approximately 550 new homes and upgraded local infrastructure.

Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal

Church Street North Precinct Rezoning
Category: Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Approved | Est. Comp: 2030
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

State-led urban renewal precinct rezoning along the Church Street North corridor in North Parramatta, providing capacity for approximately 1,800 new homes, increased height limits up to 30 storeys around Fennell Street and Prince Alfred Square light rail stations, and public space enhancements.

Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal

Parramatta Live Precinct
Category: Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 2029
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Parramatta Live is a transformative mixed-use precinct redevelopment at the Parramatta Leagues Club site. The masterplan includes a new four-storey clubhouse with high-end hospitality, a sports bar, and a wellness centre, an eight-storey hotel, and two residential towers providing over 200 apartments alongside retail and public gathering spaces.

Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal

31 O'Connell Street & 9 Albert Street Redevelopment
Category: Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 2028
Source / Links: Link 1   

Planning proposal to rezone and amend building heights up to 77m and floor space ratio 3.9:1 at 31 O'Connell Street and 9 Albert Street, facilitating high-density residential and mixed-use urban renewal.

Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal

Parramatta North Health and Innovation Precinct (Stage 1)
Category: Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Under Assessment | Est. Comp: 2047
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

A 42-hectare state-led urban renewal project transforming underutilised government land in North Parramatta into a health and innovation hub. A rezoning application was lodged with the Department of Planning, Housing and Infrastructure and publicly exhibited from January to February 2025; it is now under departmental assessment. The precinct will be anchored by a new University of Sydney campus supporting up to 25,000 students, integrated with the Westmead Health and Innovation District. Plans deliver 2,500 new homes (5-10% affordable), 12,000 jobs by 2047, approximately 10.5 hectares of public open space including green corridors, and protect around 30 significant heritage buildings including the Parramatta Female Factory.Located on the Parramatta Light Rail line at the Ngara stop.

Precincts & Urban Renewal

Parramatta North Urban Renewal Precinct
Category: Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 2035
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

A 42-hectare whole-of-government initiative transforming underutilised land into a mixed-use precinct. The finalized rezoning enables approximately 2,000 new homes with 5-10% affordable housing, a top-100 university campus for 25,000 students, and 10.5 hectares of public open space. The project includes the adaptive reuse of 30 significant heritage buildings within the Cumberland District Hospital and Parramatta Gaol sites, supporting 12,000 high-value jobs within the Westmead Health and Innovation District.

Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal

Powerhouse Parramatta
Category: Arts & Culture
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 2026
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Powerhouse Parramatta is a major NSW Government cultural infrastructure project on the Parramatta River foreshore. The new museum will deliver about 18,000 sqm of exhibition and public space across seven large presentation spaces, the Lang Walker Family Academy, rooftop public areas, productive gardens and an observatory for astronomy education. Construction is being managed by Lendlease and reached 95 percent complete in February 2026, with fitout and public domain works progressing ahead of opening in late 2026.

Arts & Culture

Jobs & IndustryEmployment Trends in North Parramatta

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15,589 residents of North Parramatta are employed, from a labour force of 16,214. Unemployment sits at 3.9%, with participation at 79.7%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 7.0% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. The working-day population is estimated at 20,459, about 86% of the resident population, so more people leave the area for work than travel in. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.

Detail

The local workforce in North Parramatta is highly qualified, featuring a strong concentration of professionals, an unemployment rate sitting at just 3.9%, and a 3.4% rise in estimated jobs over the past year. In March 2026, 15,589 local residents were employed, and the unemployment level was 0.3% below the Greater Sydney average of 4.1%, while workforce participation stood exceptionally high at 79.7% compared to 69.1% across Greater Sydney. Census data indicates that a notable 52.5% of the working population operated from home, though this figure should be interpreted alongside Covid-19 restriction impacts.

The primary employment fields for local citizens are health care & social assistance, professional & technical services, and education & training. Conversely, the construction sector represents only a small portion of the workforce at 5.5% compared to 8.6% across the wider region. Although local employment is available within the suburb, the ratio of Census workers to the localized population suggests a significant proportion of residents travel outside the suburb for work. According to analysis by AreaSearch using SALM and ABS statistics, the year ending March 2026 saw employment expand by 3.4% and the total labor force grow by 3.3%, which reduced the unemployment rate by 0.1 percentage points. In comparison, Greater Sydney saw employment rise by 1.9% and the labor force grow by 1.9%, with only a minimal decline in unemployment. National employment projections from May-25 issued by Jobs and Skills Australia provide further context regarding future labor demand in North Parramatta. These five and ten-year forecasts have been applied to the local workforce structure to model future growth. Nationally, employment is predicted to rise by 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, though rates of change vary widely across different sectors. Applying these industry-specific trends to the employment profile of North Parramatta indicates local employment could rise by 7.0% over five years and 14.3% over ten years, representing a basic weighted projection for comparison that does not incorporate local population forecasts.

Frequently Asked Questions - Employment

What is the employment situation in the North Parramatta SA2?
As of March 2026, the North Parramatta SA2 has approximately 15,589 employed residents with an unemployment rate of 3.9%. This healthy unemployment rate suggests a well-functioning labour market. Employment performance is above the national median, showing positive labour market dynamics.
How does the North Parramatta SA2's unemployment rate compare to the broader region?
As of March 2026, the unemployment rate in the North Parramatta SA2 stands at 3.9%, which is broadly in line with Greater Sydney's rate of 4.1%. For comparison, the national unemployment rate is 4.2%.
What are the major employment sectors in the North Parramatta SA2?
The employment landscape in the North Parramatta SA2 is dominated by several key sectors. The largest employers are health care & social assistance (14.4% of employment), professional & technical (13.7%), and education & training (9.2%). Other significant employers include finance & insurance and retail trade.
How has employment changed recently in the North Parramatta SA2?
Over the past year to March 2026, the North Parramatta SA2 has experienced employment growth, with total employment increasing while the labour force increased. As a result, the unemployment rate has fall. By comparison, Greater Sydney saw employment increased and its unemployment rate dropped.
What is the workforce participation rate in the North Parramatta SA2?
The workforce participation rate in the North Parramatta SA2 is 79.7%, which represents the proportion of working-age residents who are either employed or actively seeking work. This high participation rate indicates strong workforce engagement and economic vitality. The local rate leading the Greater Sydney average of 69.1%, indicating stronger workforce attachment in the local area.
Which industries are over-represented in the North Parramatta SA2's employment market?
The north parramatta sa2 shows notable specialization in professional & technical, which employs 13.7% of the local workforce compared to 11.5% regionally. This moderate specialization indicates some local strength in the sector.
What are the employment growth prospects for the North Parramatta SA2?
Based on Jobs and Skills Australia projections applied to the North Parramatta SA2's industry mix, employment is expected to grow by 7.0% over the next five years and 14.3% over ten years. This exceeds the national forecast of 6.6% over five years, suggesting the area's industry composition is well-positioned for future growth. Steady growth is anticipated across multiple sectors, providing diverse employment opportunities.
How does the job market in the North Parramatta SA2 compare nationally?
The north parramatta sa2's employment market shows above-average performance nationally, placing in the top half of areas assessed. Employment indicators suggest healthy labour market conditions relative to other regions. Recent job advertisement trends show the broader employment region saw a 5.9% decline, ranking 29.0th out of 37 regions nationally.
What employment opportunities exist for skilled workers in the North Parramatta SA2?
Skilled workers will find excellent opportunities in the North Parramatta SA2, with knowledge-intensive sectors comprising 49.0% of local employment. Key sectors for skilled workers include health care & social assistance (14.4%), professional & technical (13.7%), and education & training (9.2%). With projected employment growth of 7.0% over five years, demand for skilled workers is expected to remain strong.

EarningsHousehold Income in North Parramatta

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Median household income in North Parramatta is $1,862 a week (about $97,000 a year), with median personal income at $944 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $60,271 a year against an average of $72,955. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.

Detail

According to postcode-level ATO data compiled by AreaSearch for the 2023 financial year, the North Parramatta SA2 recorded a median taxpayer income of $60,271 and a mean income of $72,955. These figures exceed national standards, while comparing to a median of $60,817 and a mean of $83,003 in Greater Sydney. Factoring in Wage Price Index growth of 10.32% since the 2023 financial year, current adjusted figures are estimated at approximately $66,491 for the median and $80,484 for the mean as of March 2026. The 2021 Census placed individual incomes at the 72nd percentile ($944 weekly) and household incomes at the 56th percentile.

The income distribution shows a high concentration in the $1,500 - 2,999 range, which contains 35.9% of residents (8,537 people), similar to the regional average of 30.9% in this bracket. Expensive housing costs absorb 19.8% of earnings, but solid overall compensation keeps disposable income at the 52nd percentile, and the local SEIFA income score places the area in the 7th decile.

Frequently Asked Questions - Income

What is the median taxable income in the North Parramatta SA2?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated median taxable income in the North Parramatta SA2 is approximately $66,491. The official ATO data from FY-23 recorded a median of $60,271.
What is the average taxable income in the North Parramatta SA2?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated average taxable income in the North Parramatta SA2 is approximately $80,484. The official ATO data from FY-23 recorded an average of $72,955.
How does the median taxable income in the North Parramatta SA2 compare to the region?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated median taxable income in the North Parramatta SA2 is approximately $66,491 compared to $67,093 in Greater Sydney. The official ATO data from FY-23 shows $60,271 and $60,817 respectively.
How does the average taxable income in the North Parramatta SA2 compare to the region?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated average taxable income in the North Parramatta SA2 is approximately $80,484 compared to $91,569 in Greater Sydney. The official ATO data from FY-23 shows $72,955 and $83,003 respectively.
What are the main income cohorts in the North Parramatta SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
As per the 2021 Census, the income bracket containing the largest proportion (~35.9% / 8,537 persons) of the North Parramatta SA2's population is the $1,500 - 2,999 cohort.
How do the main income cohorts in the North Parramatta SA2 compare to the region?
The largest income cohort in the North Parramatta SA2 is the $1,500 - 2,999 group, representing about 35.9% of the population. In comparison, Greater Sydney's largest income cohort is the $1,500 - 2,999 group, representing 30.9% of its population, according to the 2021 Census.
What is the median household income in the North Parramatta SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
The 2021 Census data indicates that the median household income in the North Parramatta SA2 is $1,862/wk.
What is the median family income in the North Parramatta SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
According to the 2021 Census, the median family income in the North Parramatta SA2 is $2,264/wk.
What is the median personal income in the North Parramatta SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
The 2021 Census shows that the median personal income in the North Parramatta SA2 is $944/wk.
How does the North Parramatta SA2's income rank nationally?
According to AreaSearch's aggregation of the latest postcode level ATO data released for FY-23, the North Parramatta SA2 had a median income among taxpayers of $60,271 with the average level standing at $72,955. This is above the national average and compares to levels of $60,817 and $83,003 across Greater Sydney respectively. Based on Wage Price Index growth of 10.32% since FY-23, current estimates would be approximately $66,491 (median) and $80,484 (average) as of March 2026.
What is the disposable income in the North Parramatta SA2?
The estimated disposable income in the North Parramatta SA2 is $6,472 per year according to AreaSearch analysis.
How does the North Parramatta SA2's disposable income compare to the region?
The north parramatta sa2's disposable income is $6,472 compared to $7,412 for Greater Sydney, based on AreaSearch analysis.

Housing StockHousing & Dwellings in North Parramatta

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North Parramatta had 8,961 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 17% detached houses and 69% apartments. 24% are owned with a mortgage, 61% rented and 14% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $410 a week and the median mortgage repayment $2,080 a month, a total housing cost higher than 86% of areas nationally. Rent absorbs 22.0% of household income here and mortgage repayments 25.8%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.

Detail

The mix of housing types in North Parramatta at the time of the latest Census consisted of 17.1% detached houses and 82.9% other residential options such as duplexes, townhouses, apartments, and alternative structures, compared to 55.9% houses and 44.1% other dwellings across metropolitan Sydney. Home ownership rates in North Parramatta were lower than metropolitan Sydney averages at 14.3%, with remaining homes occupied by households with a mortgage (24.3%) or tenants renting their homes (61.4%). The median monthly home loan repayment of $2,080 was well below the metropolitan Sydney benchmark of $2,427, and the median weekly rent was recorded at $410 compared to the metropolitan average of $470.

On a national level, North Parramatta mortgage payments are higher than the Australian average of $1,863, and weekly rents exceed the national benchmark of $375.

Frequently Asked Questions - Housing

What percentage of homes are owned vs rented in the North Parramatta SA2?
In the North Parramatta SA2, 14.3% of homes are owned outright, 24.3% are owned with a mortgage, and 61.4% are rented.
What percentage of dwellings in the North Parramatta SA2 are houses?
According to the latest data, 17.1% of dwellings in the North Parramatta SA2 are houses.
What percentage of dwellings in the North Parramatta SA2 are apartments or units?
In the North Parramatta SA2, 68.6% of dwellings are apartments or units, with an additional 14.2% being semi-detached dwellings.
What is the level of outright home ownership in the North Parramatta SA2?
Outright home ownership in the North Parramatta SA2 stands at 14.3%, compared to 28.7% in Greater Sydney.
What is the median monthly mortgage repayment in the North Parramatta SA2?
The median monthly mortgage repayment in the North Parramatta SA2 is $2,080, compared to $2,427 in Greater Sydney.
What is the median weekly rent in the North Parramatta SA2?
The median weekly rent in the North Parramatta SA2 is $410, compared to $470 in Greater Sydney.
What is the distribution of rental prices in the North Parramatta SA2?
In the North Parramatta SA2, 5.8% of rentals are $0-149/week, 19.8% are $150-349/week, 71.7% are $350-649/week, 2.5% are $650-949/week, and 0.3% are $950+/week.
What is the average monthly housing cost in the North Parramatta SA2?
The aggregate monthly housing cost in the North Parramatta SA2 is $1,596, which represents the average monthly cost across all housing types.
What percentage of income do residents spend on housing in the North Parramatta SA2?
In the North Parramatta SA2, households with mortgages typically spend 25.8% of their income on mortgage repayments, while renters spend 22.0% of their income on rent.
How crowded are homes in the North Parramatta SA2?
The average persons per bedroom ratio in the North Parramatta SA2 is 1.0, indicating the level of household density.
How does housing affordability in the North Parramatta SA2 compare to the region?
Housing affordability in the North Parramatta SA2 shows mortgage holders spending 25.8% of income on repayments (vs 27.0% regionally), while renters spend 22.0% of income on rent (vs 22.6% regionally).
What types of dwellings are most common in the North Parramatta SA2?
The dwelling mix in the North Parramatta SA2 consists of 17.1% detached houses, 14.2% semi-detached dwellings, 68.6% apartments, and 0.1% other dwelling types.
What is the weighted average housing cost based on tenure mix in the North Parramatta SA2?
Considering the housing occupancy patterns, the weighted average monthly housing cost is approximately $1,595. This accounts for outright owners paying no housing costs, mortgage holders paying $2,080/month, and renters paying $1,775/month.
How affordable is housing in the North Parramatta SA2 relative to local incomes?
Housing in North Parramatta consumes approximately 19.8% of median household income ($8,062 monthly), indicating costs are highly affordable. The generally accepted benchmark is that housing should not exceed 30% of household income.
How do proposed developments compare to existing housing types in the North Parramatta SA2?
Recent development applications in North Parramatta show attached dwellings contributing 83% of approvals compared to 83% of existing stock, while detached houses represent 17% of applications versus 17% of current dwellings. This suggests development patterns consistent with existing housing mix. This area is seeing substantial increases in dwelling density compared to most Australian locations.

HouseholdsHousehold Composition in North Parramatta

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North Parramatta counted 8,961 households at the 2021 Census, averaging 2.3 people each. 29% are couples with children, against 22% couples without children. 31% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.1 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.

Detail

Families make up the majority of households at 62.8%, which consists of couples with children at 28.8%, couples without children at 22.3%, and single parent households at 9.8%. The remaining 37.2% are non-family living arrangements, comprised of single person households at 31.2% and group households at 6.1%. The average household size of 2.3 individuals is smaller than the Greater Sydney average of 2.7.

Frequently Asked Questions - Households

How many households are in the North Parramatta SA2?
As of the 2021 Census, the North Parramatta SA2 had 8,961 households. Based on population growth patterns, this has grown by approximately 4.0% to an estimated 9,315 households today.
What is the typical household size?
The median household size in the North Parramatta SA2 is 2.3 people. This compares to 2.7 in Greater Sydney and reflects the area's household composition mix.
What types of households are most common?
Family households dominate at 62.8% of all households. The remaining households consist of lone person households (31.2%), group households (6.1%), and other household types (0.0%).
How are families structured in the area?
Among the 5,627 family households, 28.8% are couples with children, 22.3% are couples without children at home, and 9.8% are single parent families. This mix shapes local demand for schools, family services, and housing types.
How does the North Parramatta SA2 compare to regional household patterns?
Compared to Greater Sydney, the North Parramatta SA2 shows distinct household patterns. Lone person households are notably over-represented at 31.2% (versus 23.2% regionally). Conversely, family households are under-represented at 62.8% compared to the regional 72.6%. This higher proportion of single-person households drives demand for smaller dwellings and different community services.
What is the average family size?
Families in the North Parramatta SA2 have an average of 1.1 children, slightly below the Greater Sydney average of 1.5. This influences local demand for child-related services and larger family homes.
What are the marriage patterns in the North Parramatta SA2?
Marriage patterns reveal 46.1% of the adult population are currently married, while 38.2% have never married. This compares to 48.3% married and 36.4% never married across Greater Sydney.
How significant are single-person households?
Single-person households represent 31.2% of all households in the North Parramatta SA2, higher than the regional average of 23.2%. This affects demand for smaller dwellings and single-person accommodation.
Are shared living arrangements common?
Group households (unrelated people sharing) account for 6.1% of households, well below the Greater Sydney average of 4.2%. This low rate suggests limited student or young professional shared accommodation.
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EducationSchools & Education in North Parramatta

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50.3% of adults in North Parramatta hold a university qualification, including 30.9% with a bachelor degree and 16.7% with postgraduate qualifications, higher than 91% of areas nationally. A further 12.3% hold a vocational qualification. 11 schools serve the area, with 8,035 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 1,115 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.

Detail

The proportion of educated residents in North Parramatta is significantly higher than broader benchmarks, with 50.3% of citizens aged 15+ holding a university degree, compared to national figures of 30.4% and state levels of 32.2% in NSW. This educational trend positions the community well for jobs in professional fields. Bachelor degrees are the most common higher qualification at 30.9%, followed by postgraduate degrees (16.7%) and graduate diplomas (2.7%). Technical and vocational education accounts for 22.9% of qualifications among residents aged 15+, which includes advanced diplomas (10.6%) and certificates (12.3%). A high proportion of the community is engaged in learning, with 31.2% of residents enrolled in an educational institution.

This population includes 9.0% attending primary school, 8.3% studying at the tertiary level, and 5.8% enrolled in secondary school.

Frequently Asked Questions - Education

What percentage of people in the North Parramatta SA2 have university qualifications?
50.3% of people aged 15 and over in the North Parramatta SA2 have university qualifications, compared to 38.0% in the broader region.
What percentage of people in the North Parramatta SA2 have no formal qualifications?
26.6% of people aged 15 and over in the North Parramatta SA2 have no formal qualifications, compared to 34.2% regionally.
How does the North Parramatta SA2's education level compare to national averages?
The north parramatta sa2 ranks in the 91th percentile nationally for education based on AreaSearch's analysis of qualification and performance metrics.
What types of qualifications are most common in the North Parramatta SA2?
The most common qualifications in the North Parramatta SA2 are: Bachelor Degree (30.9%), Postgraduate (16.7%), Certificate (12.3%).
What proportion of the North Parramatta SA2's population is currently attending educational institutions?
31.2% of the population in the North Parramatta SA2 is currently engaged in formal education, with 9.0% in primary school, 5.8% in secondary school, 8.3% at university.
What is the ICSEA score for schools in the North Parramatta SA2?
The average ICSEA (Index of Community Socio-Educational Advantage) score for schools in the North Parramatta SA2 is 1115, indicating above-average socio-educational advantage compared to the national average of 1000.
How many schools are located within the North Parramatta SA2?
There are 11 schools within the North Parramatta SA2, with a combined enrollment of approximately 8,035 students.
What types of schools are available in the North Parramatta SA2?
The north parramatta sa2 includes 6 primary schools, 2 secondary schools, 3 combined schools.

Schools Detail

AmenitiesServices & Amenities in North Parramatta

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Getting AroundTransport & Commuting in North Parramatta

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Public transport in North Parramatta reaches 127 stops on 78 routes, timetabled for about 8,900 services a week. The typical home sits about 120 m from its nearest stop. Buses carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 0.6 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.

Detail

Analysis of the local transit network shows 127 active public transport stops in North Parramatta, providing access to a combination of light rail and bus services. These stops are served by 78 different routes that deliver 8,851 weekly passenger journeys. Transport links are excellent, with residents living an average of 121 meters from the nearest stop. As the area is mostly residential, many commuters travel outside the suburb, with private cars being the primary mode of travel at 64%, followed by trains at 14% and buses at 9%. Average vehicle ownership is 0.6 per household, which is lower than the regional average.

A high 52.5% of residents work from home, based on 2021 Census data that may reflect pandemic-era conditions. Public transport services average 1,264 daily trips across all routes, which corresponds to roughly 69 weekly services per individual stop. The accompanying map displays the 100 closest transit stops relative to the suburb center.

Frequently Asked Questions - Transport

How many public transport stops are in North Parramatta?
There are 127 public transport stops within the North Parramatta SA2.
How frequent are the transport services in North Parramatta?
the North Parramatta SA2 has 8,851 weekly trips across 78 routes, averaging 1,264 trips per day.
How far are residents from public transport in North Parramatta?
On average, residential properties are 121 meters from the nearest transport stop.

Transport Stops Detail

HealthcareHealth Services in North Parramatta

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77.4% of residents in North Parramatta report no long-term health condition. 4.8% need daily assistance with core activities, and 55.4% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 6.1 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.

Detail

Health indicators in North Parramatta closely track national averages according to AreaSearch's evaluation of local mortality rates and the occurrence of long-term illnesses, showing typical rates of common medical conditions across both younger and older demographics. The level of private health insurance is high, covering approximately 55% of the population (~13,174 people), which compares to 59.9% across Greater Sydney. The most prevalent medical conditions reported among local residents are mental health conditions and asthma, affecting 6.9 and 5.5% of the population, respectively. Conversely, 77.4% of residents reported having no chronic medical conditions, compared to 74.6% across Greater Sydney.

The working-age population is exceptionally healthy with a low rate of chronic disease. The area has 13.0% of residents aged 65 and over (3,082 people), which is lower than the 15.5% rate in Greater Sydney, with health rankings generally matching national averages.

Frequently Asked Questions - Health

How many people in the North Parramatta SA2 have private health insurance?
Around 55.4% of people in the North Parramatta SA2 are covered by private health insurance, which compares to 59.9% in the broader region of Greater Sydney.
What percentage of the population requires ongoing medical assistance in the North Parramatta SA2?
In the North Parramatta SA2, 4.8% of the population is identified as requiring ongoing medical assistance. This figure is slightly different from the regional average, where 5.2% of people in Greater Sydney require similar assistance.
How prevalent is asthma in the North Parramatta SA2?
5.5% of people in the North Parramatta SA2 are diagnosed with asthma. In comparison, 6.4% of the population across Greater Sydney is affected by asthma.
What percentage of people have diabetes in the North Parramatta SA2?
Diabetes affects 4.4% of the the North Parramatta SA2 population, while in the surrounding region, 4.3% of people are diagnosed with diabetes.
What is the percentage of people with heart disease in the North Parramatta SA2?
2.6% of people in the North Parramatta SA2 have heart disease. Across the region of Greater Sydney, 3.2% of the population is affected by heart disease.
How does the North Parramatta SA2 compare to the region in terms of overall private health coverage?
In the North Parramatta SA2, 55.4% of the population are estimated to have private health insurance. Comparatively, Greater Sydney sees an estimated private health coverage rate of 59.9%.

Ancestry & LanguageCultural Diversity in North Parramatta

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57.1% of North Parramatta residents were born overseas and 57.2% speak a language other than English at home, more culturally diverse than 94% of areas nationally. The largest reported ancestries are Indian (12.9%) and English (12.2%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.

Detail

North Parramatta ranks as one of the most multicultural communities in Australia, with 57.2% of residents using a language other than English at home and 57.1% born overseas. The most common religious affiliation in North Parramatta is Christianity, representing 40.6% of the local population. The most prominent demographic difference is in the proportion of residents practicing Hinduism, which stands at 16.8%, compared to the Greater Sydney average of 5.2%. Looking at parent birthplaces, the largest ancestry groups in North Parramatta are categorized as Other at 22.9% of the population, compared to the regional average of 16.0%, Indian ancestry at 12.9%, compared to the regional average of 3.6%, and English ancestry at 12.2%, compared to the regional average of 19.0%.

Other distinct demographic patterns include Lebanese ancestry at 4.4% of North Parramatta (vs 2.6% regionally), Korean ancestry at 2.0% (vs 1.1%), and Filipino ancestry at 3.4% (vs 2.0%).

Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity

What is the level of cultural diversity in the North Parramatta SA2?
North Parramatta is among the most culturally diverse areas in the country, with 57.2% of its population speaking a language other than English at home and 57.1% born overseas.
What is the most common religion in the North Parramatta SA2?
The main religion in North Parramatta was found to be Christianity, which makes up 40.6% of people in North Parramatta. However, the most apparent overrepresentation was in Hinduism, which comprises 16.8% of the population, substantially higher than the Greater Sydney average of 5.2%.
What are the top countries of origin in the North Parramatta SA2?
In terms of ancestry (country of birth of parents), the top three represented groups in North Parramatta are Other, comprising 22.9% of the population, which is substantially higher than the regional average of 16.0%, Indian, comprising 12.9% of the population, which is substantially higher than the regional average of 3.6%, and English, comprising 12.2% of the population, which is notably lower than the regional average of 19.0%. Additionally, there are notable divergences in the representation of certain other ethnic groups: Lebanese is notably overrepresented at 4.4% of North Parramatta (vs 2.6% regionally), Korean at 2.0% (vs 1.1%) and Filipino at 3.4% (vs 2.0%).
How does the percentage of people born overseas compare to the regional average?
57.1% of the the North Parramatta SA2 population was born overseas, compared to 40.5% regionally.
What percentage of the the North Parramatta SA2 population speaks a language other than English at home?
57.2% of the population in the North Parramatta SA2 speaks a language other than English at home, compared to 39.5% in the wider region.
How many people in the North Parramatta SA2 identify as Australian Aboriginal?
0.8% of the the North Parramatta SA2 population identifies as Australian Aboriginal, compared to 1.3% in the region.
What is the citizenship status of the population in the North Parramatta SA2?
66.8% of the the North Parramatta SA2 population holds citizenship, compared to 80.8% in the wider region.

Age StructureAge Profile of North Parramatta

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The median resident of North Parramatta is 35, younger than 79% of areas nationally. 33.3% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.

Detail

The median age of 35 years in North Parramatta is slightly younger than Greater Sydney's median of 37 and younger than the national average of 38. The 25 - 34 age bracket is highly represented at 22.2% compared to Greater Sydney, while children in the 5 - 14 group are less common at 8.9%. This concentration of young adults aged 25 - 34 is well above the national level of 14.6%. Since 2021, the 65 to 74 cohort has risen from 6.3% to 7.7% of the population. In contrast, the 5 to 14 group has fallen from 10.5% to 8.9%, and the 35 to 44 age bracket decreased from 20.3% to 19.2%.

Long-term forecasts to 2041 project significant demographic shifts, with the 25 to 34 age group expected to expand by 1,194 people (23%) from 5,269 to 6,464.

Frequently Asked Questions - Age

What is the median age in the North Parramatta SA2?
According to the latest data, the median age in the North Parramatta SA2 is 35 years.
How does the North Parramatta SA2's median age compare to broader areas?
At 35 years, North Parramatta is 2 years younger than the Greater Sydney average (37 years) and 3 years younger than the national average (38 years).
What age groups are over-represented in the North Parramatta SA2?
The most over-represented age group in the North Parramatta SA2 compared to the Greater Sydney region is the 25 - 34 group, making up 22.2% of the population.
What age groups are under-represented in the North Parramatta SA2?
The most under-represented age group in the North Parramatta SA2 compared to the Greater Sydney region is the 5 - 14 group, making up 8.9% of the population.
Are there age groups with notable population variances?
Yes, certain age groups in the North Parramatta SA2 show significant variance compared to the Greater Sydney region. The most over-represented age group is 25-34 year-olds (22.2% vs 16.1%).
What is the percentage of children (0-14 years) in the North Parramatta SA2?
The percentage of children aged 0-14 years in the North Parramatta SA2 is 14.4%.
What is the percentage of older people (65+ years) in the North Parramatta SA2?
The percentage of people aged 65 and over in the North Parramatta SA2 is 13.0%.

Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for North Parramatta

Data currency Refreshed

9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Aug 2026.

Everything is aggregated to the SA2 boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.

The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section

Section Source & update cycle Currency
Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections
Population ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to May 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline.
Age profile ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to May 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate.
Development & approvals ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) Jun 2026 2 months ago headline measures · May 2026 baseline
Property sales & rents Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents Aug 2026 this month all 21 measures
Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Aug 2026.
Infrastructure projects Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily Aug 2026 this month all 12 projects tracked here
Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Aug 2026.
Employment ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) Mar 2026 5 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census.
Education ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) Jul 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Transport ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release Jul 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Services & amenities Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous Jul 2026 last month all 14 measures
Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections
Income ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail.
Health ABS, ATO Annual 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current.
Housing ABS 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures
Households ABS 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures
Cultural diversity ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures

"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.

How the numbers are built

Population

The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 83 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for May 2026, not a 2021 count (22,878 at the 2021 Census → 23,781 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.

Age profile

Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to May 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".

Property sales

Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.

Rents

Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.

Development & infrastructure

Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.

Employment & income

Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.

Education, transport & amenities

School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.

Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.

Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.

Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (125041489). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.

Common questions about this page

Why can the North Parramatta SA2 boundary differ from the suburb boundary?
This page uses ABS Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) boundaries for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP). SA2 areas can differ materially from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, even when they share similar names, because they are defined for different purposes and often use different geographic boundaries.
Where does the data on this North Parramatta page come from?
AreaSearch compiles this page from official and industry sources — including ABS, Geoscience Australia, Valuer General, Provider directories, DEWR, JSA, State Transport Departments and ACARA — then aggregates them to the boundary shown and calculates the rankings, growth rates and benchmarks itself. Property sales come from the state valuation authority, rents from state rental bond lodgements, development applications from council and state planning portals, school data from ACARA, and public transport from state transport departments.
Is the North Parramatta data on this page just from the 2021 Census?
No. Most of this page is maintained well beyond the Census. Sourced entirely from current releases: development & approvals (Jun 2026), property sales & rents (Aug 2026), infrastructure projects (Aug 2026) and services & amenities (Jul 2026). Built on a Census baseline but carrying newer measures on top: population (to May 2026), age profile (to May 2026), employment (to Mar 2026), income (to FY 2023), education (to Jul 2026), transport (to Jul 2026) and health (to 2024). Population and age cohorts in particular are re-based to the latest ABS Estimated Resident Population rather than left at 2021 counts. Only housing, households and cultural diversity remain wholly Census-based, because no more current small-area dataset exists for those measures.

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