Kyneton

SA2

Rest of Vic. / Heathcote - Castlemaine - Kyneton

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Data Sources ABSValuer GeneralRental BoardACARA Newest Sep 2026 · Refreshed ABS QuickStats 202021030 How we calculate this
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Statistical Area (SA2) Boundary Analysis

This analysis uses ABS Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2) boundaries, which can materially differ from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) even when sharing similar names.

SA2 boundaries are defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and are designed to represent communities for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP).

Suburbs and Localities (SAL) represent commonly-used suburb/locality names (postal-style areas) and may use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.

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Sales ActivityProperty Sales Trends in Kyneton

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DemographicsPopulation Growth in Kyneton

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Kyneton has an estimated 10,818 residents, up from 10,562 at the 2021 Census — a change of 256 people, or 2.4%. Growth has averaged 0.6% a year over five years, slower than 77% of areas nationally. 331 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. Density is about 19 people per square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.

Detail

According to research by AreaSearch, the resident count in Kyneton stands at approximately 10,818 as of Aug 2026. Compared to the 2021 Census tally of 10,562 people, this represents an expansion of 256 people (2.4%). This trajectory is calculated using the June 2025 ABS estimated resident population of 10,665 alongside 331 validated new addresses registered following the Census. The local population density equates to 19.4 persons per square kilometer, indicating a spacious living environment. The community's 2.4% post-census growth rate trails the broader SA3 area (4.4%) by only 2.0 percentage points, underscoring solid underlying growth trends.

Net overseas migration has served as the primary driver of demographic expansion, accounting for roughly 84.1% of total population additions over recent timeframes. For individual SA2 locations, AreaSearch incorporates ABS/Geoscience Australia projections published in 2024 using 2022 as the base year. In instances where an SA2 is omitted from this series, AreaSearch applies the VIC State Government's Regional/LGA projections issued in 2023, adjusting figures via weighted aggregation from LGA down to SA2 boundaries. Age cohort growth rates derived from these models are similarly assigned across every locality for the years 2032 to 2041. Future demographic forecasts place the district within the upper quartile of regional Australian territories, projecting a gain of 2,709 persons to 2041 according to the most recent annual ERP figures, which translates to a cumulative 23.6% expansion across the 16 years.

Frequently Asked Questions - Population

What is the latest population estimate for the Kyneton SA2?
Total population for the Kyneton SA2 was estimated to be approximately 10,818 as at Aug 26. This is based upon an estimated resident population of 10,665 from the ABS up to June 2025.
How has the population in the Kyneton SA2 changed since 2021?
The kyneton sa2 has added approximately 256 people and shown a 2.42% increase from the 10,562 people recorded at the 2021 Census period.
What is the population density in the Kyneton SA2?
The population density in the Kyneton SA2 is estimated at 19 persons per square kilometer based on the latest population estimate.
How much has the population grown over the past 10 years in the Kyneton SA2?
Over the past 10 years, the population in the Kyneton SA2 has shown a compound annual growth rate of 1.0% per annum.
What are the main drivers of population growth in the Kyneton SA2?
Population growth in the Kyneton SA2 is driven by: Overseas migration (84.1%), Interstate migration (15.9%), Natural increase (0.0%). The primary driver is Overseas migration, contributing 84.1% of overall population gains.

Residential SupplyHousing Development & Building Approvals in Kyneton

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295 new dwellings have been approved in Kyneton over the past five years, an average of 59 a year. That is 5.6 approvals per 1,000 residents. Of the 59 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 93% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this SA2 boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.

Detail

Residential building approvals in Kyneton have averaged roughly 59 dwellings annually, accumulating to 295 homes across the preceding 5 financial years. With an inflow averaging just 1 new residents per year per completed dwelling across the previous 5 financial years (between FY-22 and FY-26), housing supply is matching or outpacing demand, providing buyers with substantial selection and establishing room for demographic expansion beyond projected numbers. Meanwhile, newly approved residences carry an average construction value of $561,000—moderately higher than the regional benchmark—pointing toward an emphasis on premium residential construction. Furthermore, $32.5 million in commercial building permits have been granted during this financial year, demonstrating considerable commercial development progress.

Compared to Rest of Vic., local per-capita building activity remains closely aligned, maintaining a balanced market dynamic in line with adjacent districts. Free-standing houses constitute 93.0% of recent approvals, while 7.0% comprise townhouses or apartments, sustaining the region's open setting and appealing to purchasers seeking detached layouts and extra room. With roughly 261 people per approval, Kyneton exhibits characteristics typical of a low-density community. Long-range forecasts indicate Kyneton will gain 2,556 residents by 2041 based on the most recent AreaSearch quarterly estimate. Should dwelling construction continue at its existing pace, the pipeline of new housing could lag population gains, which may intensify competition among purchasers and place upward pressure on values.

Frequently Asked Questions - Development

How many dwelling approvals have occurred in the Kyneton SA2 recently?
Dwelling approval activity in the the Kyneton SA2 area has seen 83 residential approvals over the past two financial years, based on AreaSearch's SA2 aggregation method. The Kyneton SA2's current population of 10,818 has been supported by 59 approvals on average over recent years.
How does the Kyneton SA2's development activity compare to the broader region?
The Kyneton SA2 has seen 0.56 approvals per 100 people in recent years, compared to 0.75 approvals in the broader region. This means that one dwelling has been approved for every 261 people in the Kyneton SA2, compared to one for every 145 in the broader region.
Is the Kyneton SA2 keeping up with housing demand?
With the population expected to increase by 2,556 people by 2041, around 1,278 new dwellings will be necessary. Recent approval levels may be insufficient to meet these forecasts, considering the census average of 2.0 persons per dwelling. This indicates potential housing shortages if current approval trends continue.
What has been the trend in development approvals over the past five years in the Kyneton SA2?
Looking at development activity over the past five years, the Kyneton SA2's approval levels have been significantly below the yearly average of 59, showing a notable downturn in recent development.
How many dwellings will be needed to accommodate future population growth in the Kyneton SA2?
The population in the Kyneton SA2 is expected to grow by 2,556 people by 2041, necessitating approximately 1,278 new dwellings. This calculation is based on the current census average of 2.0 persons per dwelling in the area.
How does recent development compare to population growth in the Kyneton SA2?
Over the past five years, the population in the Kyneton SA2 has grown by approximately 2,724 people, while 295 residential approvals were recorded. This equates to a ratio of 9.2 people added for each new dwelling approval. This high ratio suggests strong population growth relative to housing supply, potentially indicating unmet housing demand.
Are there opportunities for residential developers in the Kyneton SA2?
With dwelling approval activity running at an average of 59 approvals per year and a population of 10,818, there appears to be a supply shortfall relative to projected demand, presenting strong opportunities for residential developers. With the population expected to increase by 2,556 people by 2041, around 1,278 new dwellings will be necessary. Current approval trends may be insufficient to meet forecast demand, indicating strong development opportunities.
Approvals Pipeline Development applications near Kyneton

Development applications around Kyneton

Development approvals is a new addition to AreaSearch. We’re actively expanding council coverage and refining the dataset — details and statuses for some councils may be partial. Check back regularly for the latest pipeline.
Application search is not available in Victoria. AreaSearch holds 6 applications for Kyneton, but they are a record of past activity rather than a current register. Victoria has no state-wide planning portal and its council coverage is uneven, so we have switched the search off here rather than return partial answers. We are currently investigating a solution. No credits are charged for Victorian applications, and building approvals from the ABS and the major projects we track are unaffected.

SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.

Project PipelineInfrastructure & Major Projects in Kyneton

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AreaSearch tracks 6 current infrastructure and development projects inside Kyneton, worth an estimated $173 million. A further 63 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $14.5 billion. 22 are already under construction and 20 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans communities, precincts & urban renewal, transport & logistics and residential development. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.

Detail

Community outcomes are significantly shaped by infrastructure upgrades, development schemes, and public works. AreaSearch has highlighted 6 projects positioned to influence the district, with principal undertakings including Kyneton Central, Kyneton Showgrounds Master Plan Implementation, Kyneton on Riverside, and Ambrosia Estate.

Professional plan users can use the search below to filter and access additional projects.

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Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure

What are some of the major infrastructure and planning changes likely to influence the Kyneton SA2?
Key infrastructure and planning changes likely to influence the Kyneton SA2 include: Kyneton Central (Approved); Kyneton Showgrounds Master Plan Implementation (Construction); Kyneton on Riverside (Construction); Ambrosia Estate (Construction); and Old Kyneton Primary School Redevelopment (Completed). These projects represent significant developments that will shape the area's future infrastructure landscape.
What types of infrastructure projects are impacting the Kyneton SA2?
Infrastructure development impacting the Kyneton SA2 spans multiple sectors including Residential Development, Transport & Logistics, and Environmental & Disaster Management, among others.
What is the scale of infrastructure investment impacting the Kyneton SA2?
Infrastructure investment analysis indicates significant investment of approximately $173 million in infrastructure projects affecting the region, with a notable concentration of investment within the immediate the Kyneton SA2 vicinity.
How does the Kyneton SA2's infrastructure development compare to other areas?
Infrastructure development activity impacting the Kyneton SA2 currently ranks below national averages at the 28thth percentile.
Cornerstone Kyneton
Category: Retail
Stage: Approved | Est. Comp: 2027
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

A $150 million masterplanned retail and commercial precinct spanning 62 hectares. The development includes large format retail anchored by a Bunnings warehouse, fast food outlets including McDonalds, a fuel station, and additional commercial warehouse spaces.

Retail

Kyneton Showgrounds Master Plan Implementation
Category: Sports & Recreation
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 2026
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Implementation of the Kyneton Showgrounds Master Plan, adopted by Council in March 2023, delivering upgraded netball and little athletics facilities. Little athletics facilities were relocated from the top oval to the bottom oval, including a new storage shed, discus cage and circle, shot put circles, and long jump/triple jump run-ups and pits, with works completed in July 2024. Netball upgrades are being delivered in two stages: Stage 1 is the redevelopment of the M.B. O'Sullivan Pavilion, adding two netball player change rooms, umpire change rooms, amenities, storage, first aid area, admin/office space, and an undercover spectator area, with completion expected by the end of 2025.Stage 2 is the construction of two new asphalt netball courts with LED floodlighting, perimeter fencing, and spectator seating, scheduled to begin late 2025 and conclude before the start of the 2026 netball season. The Victorian Government pledged up to 1.5 million dollars towards the netball facilities, with Council committing a further 1.3 million dollars.

Sports & Recreation

Ambrosia Estate
Category: Residential Development
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 2026
Source / Links: Link 1   

A boutique residential land estate providing 65 premium homesites ranging from 2000sqm to 7856sqm, ideal for architectural homes in the Macedon Ranges, less than an hour from Melbourne.

Residential Development

Kyneton on Riverside
Category: Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 2028
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Master planned neighbourhood on the south side of the Campaspe River with staged land releases. The estate offers walking access to Kyneton Station and town amenities with design guidelines and house and land packages available. Stages 6 and 14 are complete and titled, with ongoing sales in stages 10, 11, and 19.

Communities, Precincts & Urban Renewal

Kyneton Recycled Water Irrigation Project
Category: Environmental & Disaster Management
Stage: Completed | Est. Comp: 2023
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

The project involves the construction of a 14-kilometre pipeline to distribute Class C recycled water from the Kyneton Water Reclamation Plant to local irrigators, enabling the reuse of 200-300 megalitres annually for agricultural irrigation, supporting regional agriculture, and improving environmental outcomes for the Campaspe River by reducing non-compliant discharges.

Environmental & Disaster Management

Old Kyneton Primary School Redevelopment
Category: Education & Training
Stage: Completed | Est. Comp: 2024
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Transformation of the former Kyneton Primary School into a creative and community precinct, featuring restored heritage bluestone building for gallery and exhibition spaces, a new contemporary entry building, transformed library for events, and revitalized grounds with 3000 new plants.

Education & Training

Daylesford to Hanging Rock Shared Trail
Category: Sports & Recreation
Stage: Planning | Est. Comp: 2029
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

Proposed regional shared trail linking Daylesford, Tylden, Woodend, Hanging Rock and Kyneton through a combination of rail trail and shared-use trail sections. The project is being jointly progressed by Macedon Ranges Shire Council and Hepburn Shire Council to improve cycling, walking and horse riding opportunities while supporting regional tourism and local connectivity. Planning and feasibility work continues, with additional state funding required before construction can commence.

Sports & Recreation

Macedon Ranges Sports Precinct
Category: Sports & Recreation
Stage: Construction | Est. Comp: 2027
Source / Links: Link 1   Link 2  

The Macedon Ranges Sports Precinct is a staged regional sport and recreation development at New Gisborne, spread across two interconnected sites at the intersection of Barringo and Hamilton roads. It is the largest capital works project ever undertaken by Macedon Ranges Shire Council. Stage One, budgeted at over $29 million, opened on 28 June 2024 and delivered a three-court indoor sports stadium with spectator seating, kiosk, sport administration office and amenities on the western site, plus a natural turf AFL and cricket oval, pavilion with change rooms, fitness loop, half-court basketball, playground, outdoor table tennis, barbecue areas, wetland and car parking on the eastern site.Stage Two, valued at $17 million and funded by $15 million from the Australian Government and $2 million from Council, commenced in November 2025 under contractors Harris HMC (western stadium extension) and ACE Infrastructure (eastern sports fields). Stage Two adds three further multi-use indoor courts, four gender-neutral changerooms, additional offices, amenities and parking on the western site, and a second natural turf oval, two outdoor netball courts and further car parking on the eastern site. Construction progressed through 2026 with oval turf works completed and structural steel erected for the stadium extension by April 2026. Eastern side completion is expected mid-2026 and western side completion late 2026, with all new facilities open in early 2027. A proposed Stage Three, estimated at $15.5 million and still seeking external funding, would add retractable seating, a function and multi-purpose room extension, a canopy linking the existing netball courts to the sports hub, a pavilion extension and cricket nets. The precinct serves more than 3,300 participants across basketball, netball, AFL, cricket, futsal, volleyball and badminton, and adjoins the eight-court Macedon Ranges Regional Netball Complex.

Sports & Recreation

Jobs & IndustryEmployment Trends in Kyneton

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5,312 residents of Kyneton are employed, from a labour force of 5,415. Unemployment sits at 1.9%, with participation at 61.4%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.1% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.

Detail

Kyneton possesses an educated talent pool across varied industries, marked by an unemployment rate of only 1.9% and a 1.1% gain in estimated employment over the previous year. As of March 2026, 5,312 residents are employed, while local unemployment sits 1.8% below the Regional Vic. benchmark of 3.7%, and labour participation matches the Regional Vic. level of 61.1%. According to Census findings, 30.7% of working locals operated from home, though this figure reflects the influence of Covid-19 restrictions. The primary sectors supporting local workers are health care & social assistance, construction, and manufacturing.

The region demonstrates notable strength in professional & technical, where the local employment proportion is 1.8 times the regional benchmark. Conversely, health care & social assistance represents a comparatively smaller share, engaging 11.9% of workers locally versus 16.8% across the broader region. Despite existing local positions, comparisons between resident worker totals and local employment suggest substantial outward commuting. AreaSearch evaluations of ABS and SALM figures indicate that in the 12 months to March 2026, jobs grew by 1.1% and the workforce expanded by 0.8%, reducing unemployment by 0.3 percentage points. Across Regional Vic., employment contracted by 0.1%, the workforce shrank by 0.3%, and joblessness decreased by 0.2 percentage points. Forward-looking national projections from Jobs and Skills Australia as of Mar-26 provide additional context regarding future labour demand in Kyneton across five and ten-year horizons when aligned with local industry representation. Nationally, employment is projected to rise by 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, though trajectories diverge by sector. Applying these sectoral forecasts across Kyneton's industrial breakdown indicates local jobs could expand by 6.1% across five years and 12.8% across ten years (this represents a baseline weighted extrapolation for reference and excludes localized population models).

Frequently Asked Questions - Employment

What is the employment situation in the Kyneton SA2?
As of March 2026, the Kyneton SA2 has approximately 5,312 employed residents with an unemployment rate of 1.9%. This very low unemployment rate indicates a tight labour market with strong demand for workers. The area ranks in the top 25% nationally for employment performance, indicating a robust job market.
How does the Kyneton SA2's unemployment rate compare to the broader region?
As of March 2026, the unemployment rate in the Kyneton SA2 stands at 1.9%, which is 1.8 percentage points below Regional Vic.'s rate of 3.7%. This lower unemployment rate suggests stronger local employment conditions. For comparison, the national unemployment rate is 4.2%.
What are the major employment sectors in the Kyneton SA2?
The employment landscape in the Kyneton SA2 is dominated by several key sectors. The largest employers are health care & social assistance (11.9% of employment), construction (9.8%), and manufacturing (9.7%). The relatively diverse employment base, with the top three sectors comprising 31.4% of jobs, provides economic resilience. Other significant employers include education & training and retail trade.
How has employment changed recently in the Kyneton SA2?
Over the past year to March 2026, the Kyneton SA2 has experienced employment growth, with total employment increasing while the labour force increased. As a result, the unemployment rate has fall. By comparison, Regional Vic. saw employment decreased and its unemployment rate dropped.
What is the workforce participation rate in the Kyneton SA2?
The workforce participation rate in the Kyneton SA2 is 61.4%, which represents the proportion of working-age residents who are either employed or actively seeking work. This healthy participation rate reflects good employment opportunities and workforce engagement. The local rate leading the Regional Vic. average of 61.1%, showing similar workforce dynamics to the broader region.
Which industries are over-represented in the Kyneton SA2's employment market?
The kyneton sa2 shows notable specialization in professional & technical, which employs 8.4% of the local workforce compared to 4.7% regionally. This concentration suggests the area has developed competitive advantages in this sector.
What are the employment growth prospects for the Kyneton SA2?
Based on Jobs and Skills Australia projections applied to the Kyneton SA2's industry mix, employment is expected to grow by 6.1% over the next five years and 12.8% over ten years. This compares to national growth expectations of 6.6% over five years. Steady growth is anticipated across multiple sectors, providing diverse employment opportunities.
How does the job market in the Kyneton SA2 compare nationally?
The kyneton sa2's employment market shows strong performance nationally, ranking in the top 25% of areas assessed by AreaSearch. This indicates robust employment conditions and economic vitality compared to other regions. Recent job advertisement trends show the broader employment region saw a 3.2% decline, ranking 26.0th out of 37 regions nationally.
What employment opportunities exist for skilled workers in the Kyneton SA2?
Skilled workers will find good opportunities in the Kyneton SA2, with skilled sectors accounting for 34.6% of employment. Key sectors for skilled workers include health care & social assistance (11.9%), education & training (9.7%), and professional & technical (8.4%). With projected employment growth of 6.1% over five years, demand for skilled workers is expected to remain strong.

EarningsHousehold Income in Kyneton

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Median household income in Kyneton is $1,695 a week (about $88,000 a year), with median personal income at $771 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $52,808 a year against an average of $74,327. The average runs 41% above the median, a wider spread than most areas and a sign of a concentrated group of high earners. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.

Detail

According to the latest postcode ATO records compiled by AreaSearch for financial year 2023, taxpayers in the Kyneton SA2 recorded a median earnings figure of $52,808 and an average of $74,327. These metrics exceed national averages and outpace the Regional Vic. median of $50,954 and average of $62,728. Factoring in Wage Price Index growth of 9.62% since financial year 2023, updated figures reach roughly $57,888 (median) and $81,477 (average) as of March 2026. Across household, family, and individual brackets, Census results place Kyneton modestly between the 42nd and 47th percentiles.

In terms of earnings distribution, 32.4% of taxpayers (3,505 individuals) fall within the $1,500 - 2,999 bracket, aligning closely with the 30.3% observed regionally. After meeting accommodation expenses, households preserve 86.9% of their earnings, indicating solid disposable capacity, while the district sits in the 6th decile on the SEIFA income index.

Frequently Asked Questions - Income

What is the median taxable income in the Kyneton SA2?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated median taxable income in the Kyneton SA2 is approximately $57,888. The official ATO data from FY-23 recorded a median of $52,808.
What is the average taxable income in the Kyneton SA2?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated average taxable income in the Kyneton SA2 is approximately $81,477. The official ATO data from FY-23 recorded an average of $74,327.
How does the median taxable income in the Kyneton SA2 compare to the region?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated median taxable income in the Kyneton SA2 is approximately $57,888 compared to $55,856 in Regional Vic.. The official ATO data from FY-23 shows $52,808 and $50,954 respectively.
How does the average taxable income in the Kyneton SA2 compare to the region?
Based on Wage Price Index adjustments to March 2026, the estimated average taxable income in the Kyneton SA2 is approximately $81,477 compared to $68,762 in Regional Vic.. The official ATO data from FY-23 shows $74,327 and $62,728 respectively.
What are the main income cohorts in the Kyneton SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
As per the 2021 Census, the income bracket containing the largest proportion (~32.4% / 3,505 persons) of the Kyneton SA2's population is the $1,500 - 2,999 cohort.
How do the main income cohorts in the Kyneton SA2 compare to the region?
The largest income cohort in the Kyneton SA2 is the $1,500 - 2,999 group, representing about 32.4% of the population. In comparison, Regional Vic.'s largest income cohort is the $1,500 - 2,999 group, representing 30.3% of its population, according to the 2021 Census.
What is the median household income in the Kyneton SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
The 2021 Census data indicates that the median household income in the Kyneton SA2 is $1,695/wk.
What is the median family income in the Kyneton SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
According to the 2021 Census, the median family income in the Kyneton SA2 is $2,086/wk.
What is the median personal income in the Kyneton SA2 according to the 2021 Census?
The 2021 Census shows that the median personal income in the Kyneton SA2 is $771/wk.
How does the Kyneton SA2's income rank nationally?
As per AreaSearch's latest postcode level ATO data released for FY-23, the Kyneton SA2's median income among taxpayers is $52,808, with an average of $74,327. This is above the national average, and compares to Regional Vic.'s median of $50,954 and average of $62,728. Based on Wage Price Index growth of 9.62% since FY-23, current estimates would be approximately $57,888 (median) and $81,477 (average) as of March 2026.
What is the disposable income in the Kyneton SA2?
The estimated disposable income in the Kyneton SA2 is $6,383 per year according to AreaSearch analysis.
How does the Kyneton SA2's disposable income compare to the region?
The kyneton sa2's disposable income is $6,383 compared to $5,209 for Regional Vic., based on AreaSearch analysis.

Housing StockHousing & Dwellings in Kyneton

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Kyneton had 3,960 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 91% detached houses and 0% apartments. 40% are owned with a mortgage, 18% rented and 42% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $351 a week and the median mortgage repayment $1,737 a month. Rent absorbs 20.7% of household income here and mortgage repayments 23.6%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.

Detail

At the time of the latest Census, residential stock in Kyneton consisted of 91.4% standalone houses alongside 8.6% alternative dwelling types (comprising semi-detached units, apartments, and other configurations), relative to 90.1% houses and 9.9% other dwellings across Regional Vic.. Full home ownership stood at 42.4%, matching the Regional Vic. proportion, while remaining properties were either held with a mortgage (39.6%) or occupied by tenants (18.0%). Typical monthly mortgage obligations reached $1,737, exceeding the Regional Vic. level of $1,430, whereas median weekly rent was $351 compared to $285 regionally. On a nationwide scale, local mortgage payments remain below the Australian benchmark of $1,863, and weekly rents sit under the national figure of $375.

Frequently Asked Questions - Housing

What percentage of homes are owned vs rented in the Kyneton SA2?
In the Kyneton SA2, 42.4% of homes are owned outright, 39.6% are owned with a mortgage, and 18.0% are rented.
What percentage of dwellings in the Kyneton SA2 are houses?
According to the latest data, 91.4% of dwellings in the Kyneton SA2 are houses.
What percentage of dwellings in the Kyneton SA2 are apartments or units?
In the Kyneton SA2, 0.1% of dwellings are apartments or units, with an additional 6.6% being semi-detached dwellings.
What is the level of outright home ownership in the Kyneton SA2?
Outright home ownership in the Kyneton SA2 stands at 42.4%, compared to 40.9% in Regional Vic..
What is the median monthly mortgage repayment in the Kyneton SA2?
The median monthly mortgage repayment in the Kyneton SA2 is $1,737, compared to $1,430 in Regional Vic..
What is the median weekly rent in the Kyneton SA2?
The median weekly rent in the Kyneton SA2 is $351, compared to $285 in Regional Vic..
What is the distribution of rental prices in the Kyneton SA2?
In the Kyneton SA2, 10.0% of rentals are $0-149/week, 33.7% are $150-349/week, 53.7% are $350-649/week, 1.6% are $650-949/week, and 0.9% are $950+/week.
What is the average monthly housing cost in the Kyneton SA2?
The aggregate monthly housing cost in the Kyneton SA2 is $961, which represents the average monthly cost across all housing types.
What percentage of income do residents spend on housing in the Kyneton SA2?
In the Kyneton SA2, households with mortgages typically spend 23.6% of their income on mortgage repayments, while renters spend 20.7% of their income on rent.
How crowded are homes in the Kyneton SA2?
The average persons per bedroom ratio in the Kyneton SA2 is 0.7, indicating the level of household density.
How does housing affordability in the Kyneton SA2 compare to the region?
Housing affordability in the Kyneton SA2 shows mortgage holders spending 23.6% of income on repayments (vs 23.8% regionally), while renters spend 20.7% of income on rent (vs 20.6% regionally).
What types of dwellings are most common in the Kyneton SA2?
The dwelling mix in the Kyneton SA2 consists of 91.4% detached houses, 6.6% semi-detached dwellings, 0.1% apartments, and 1.9% other dwelling types.
What is the weighted average housing cost based on tenure mix in the Kyneton SA2?
Given the tenure profile of the area, the weighted average monthly housing cost is approximately $961. This accounts for outright owners paying no housing costs, mortgage holders paying $1,737/month, and renters paying $1,520/month.
How affordable is housing in the Kyneton SA2 relative to local incomes?
Housing in Kyneton consumes approximately 13.1% of median household income ($7,339 monthly), indicating costs are highly affordable. The generally accepted benchmark is that housing should not exceed 30% of household income.
How do proposed developments compare to existing housing types in the Kyneton SA2?
Recent development applications in Kyneton show attached dwellings contributing 5% of approvals compared to 9% of existing stock, while detached houses represent 95% of applications versus 91% of current dwellings. This suggests development patterns consistent with existing housing mix. Density increases remain below national trends.

HouseholdsHousehold Composition in Kyneton

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Kyneton counted 3,960 households at the 2021 Census, averaging 2.4 people each. 30% are couples with children, against 32% couples without children. 26% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.7 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.

Detail

Family units constitute the primary living arrangement at 71.6% of households, consisting of 29.5% couples with children, 32.4% couples without children, and 8.7% single parent families. Non-family residences comprise the remaining 28.4%, with single-person occupancies representing 25.9% and group homes accounting for 2.6%. The typical household size of 2.4 people equals the Regional Vic. standard.

Frequently Asked Questions - Households

How many households are in the Kyneton SA2?
As of the 2021 Census, the Kyneton SA2 had 3,960 households. Based on population growth patterns, this has grown by approximately 2.4% to an estimated 4,056 households today.
What is the typical household size?
The median household size in the Kyneton SA2 is 2.4 people. This compares to 2.4 in Regional Vic. and reflects the area's household composition mix.
What types of households are most common?
Family households dominate at 71.6% of all households. The remaining households consist of lone person households (25.9%), group households (2.6%), and other household types (0.1%).
How are families structured in the area?
Among the 2,835 family households, 29.5% are couples with children, 32.4% are couples without children at home, and 8.7% are single parent families. This mix shapes local demand for schools, family services, and housing types.
How does the Kyneton SA2 compare to regional household patterns?
Compared to Regional Vic., the Kyneton SA2 shows distinct household patterns. This family-oriented profile influences local demand for family homes, schools, and children's services.
What is the average family size?
Families in the Kyneton SA2 have an average of 1.7 children, slightly below the Regional Vic. average of 1.8. This influences local demand for child-related services and larger family homes.
What are the marriage patterns in the Kyneton SA2?
Marriage patterns reveal 47.9% of the adult population are currently married, while 32.9% have never married. This compares to 46.3% married and 34.0% never married across Regional Vic..
How significant are single-person households?
Single-person households represent 25.9% of all households in the Kyneton SA2, similar to the regional average of 29.3%. This affects demand for smaller dwellings and single-person accommodation.
Are shared living arrangements common?
Group households (unrelated people sharing) account for 2.6% of households, well below the Regional Vic. average of 2.9%. This low rate suggests limited student or young professional shared accommodation.
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EducationSchools & Education in Kyneton

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31.5% of adults in Kyneton hold a university qualification, including 19.9% with a bachelor degree and 6.9% with postgraduate qualifications. A further 21.6% hold a vocational qualification. 9 schools serve the area, with 2,246 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 1,059 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.

Detail

Educational attainment in the district is elevated relative to regional standards, with tertiary credentials held by 31.5% of residents aged 15+, outstripping the Rest of Vic. average of 21.7% as well as the SA4 region figure of 25.4%. Bachelor degrees constitute the largest share at 19.9%, followed by postgraduate degrees (6.9%) and graduate diplomas (4.7%). Technical and vocational training is also well represented, with 33.4% of residents aged 15+ possessing vocational qualifications, including advanced diplomas (11.8%) and certificates (21.6%). Formal study participation is strong across the community, with 27.8% of residents enrolled in an educational course.

This cohort includes 11.0% attending primary school, 7.7% in secondary institutions, and 3.6% undertaking tertiary studies.

Frequently Asked Questions - Education

What percentage of people in the Kyneton SA2 have university qualifications?
31.5% of people aged 15 and over in the Kyneton SA2 have university qualifications, compared to 21.7% in the broader region.
What percentage of people in the Kyneton SA2 have no formal qualifications?
35.1% of people aged 15 and over in the Kyneton SA2 have no formal qualifications, compared to 40.4% regionally.
How does the Kyneton SA2's education level compare to national averages?
The kyneton sa2 ranks in the 73th percentile nationally for education based on AreaSearch's analysis of qualification and performance metrics.
What types of qualifications are most common in the Kyneton SA2?
The most common qualifications in the Kyneton SA2 are: Certificate (21.6%), Bachelor Degree (19.9%), Advanced Diploma (11.8%).
What proportion of the Kyneton SA2's population is currently attending educational institutions?
27.8% of the population in the Kyneton SA2 is currently engaged in formal education, with 11.0% in primary school, 7.7% in secondary school, 3.6% at university.
What is the ICSEA score for schools in the Kyneton SA2?
The average ICSEA (Index of Community Socio-Educational Advantage) score for schools in the Kyneton SA2 is 1059, indicating average socio-educational advantage (national average is 1000).
How many schools are located within the Kyneton SA2?
There are 9 schools within the Kyneton SA2, with a combined enrollment of approximately 2,246 students.
What types of schools are available in the Kyneton SA2?
The kyneton sa2 includes 5 primary schools, 4 secondary schools.

Schools Detail

AmenitiesServices & Amenities in Kyneton

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Getting AroundTransport & Commuting in Kyneton

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Public transport in Kyneton reaches 43 stops on 13 routes, timetabled for about 780 services a week. The typical home sits about 360 m from its nearest stop. Buses carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 1.7 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.

Detail

The public transit network in Kyneton includes 43 active transport stops featuring train services. These facilities are connected by 13 individual routes that deliver a combined 775 weekly passenger trips. Network coverage is rated as good, with locals generally situated 357 meters from their closest transit point. Given the town's residential character, commuter travel is mostly outbound, with private vehicles accounting for 88% of journeys and 6% walking. Households maintain an average of 1.7 motor vehicles, higher than regional figures. Additionally, 30.7% of workers reported working from home during the 2021 Census, which may reflect pandemic-related conditions.

Transit schedules provide an average of 110 trips per day across the network, translating to roughly 18 weekly trips per individual stop.

Frequently Asked Questions - Transport

How many public transport stops are in Kyneton?
There are 43 public transport stops within the Kyneton SA2.
How frequent are the transport services in Kyneton?
the Kyneton SA2 has 775 weekly trips across 13 routes, averaging 110 trips per day.
How far are residents from public transport in Kyneton?
On average, residential properties are 357 meters from the nearest transport stop.

Transport Stops Detail

HealthcareHealth Services in Kyneton

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64.1% of residents in Kyneton report no long-term health condition. 6.6% need daily assistance with core activities, and 56.1% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 5.6 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.

Detail

Health considerations in Kyneton are elevated based on AreaSearch evaluations of mortality and chronic illness rates, with ailments evident across both younger and older cohorts, alongside a high private health insurance uptake of roughly 56% across the community (~6,068 people). This compares to a 50.5% coverage level observed across Regional Vic.. Mental health conditions and arthritis represent the most prevalent diagnoses among residents, recorded at 9.7 and 9.3% respectively, while 64.1% of the population reported no long-term medical ailments compared to 63.4% across Regional Vic.. Chronic conditions appear at higher rates among working-age individuals.

Seniors aged 65 and over make up 25.4% of the population (2,747 people), exceeding the 24.0% share in Regional Vic., with elderly health outcomes outperforming regional and national norms.

Frequently Asked Questions - Health

How many people in the Kyneton SA2 have private health insurance?
Around 56.1% of people in the Kyneton SA2 are covered by private health insurance, which compares to 50.5% in the broader region of Regional Vic..
What percentage of the population requires ongoing medical assistance in the Kyneton SA2?
In the Kyneton SA2, 6.6% of the population is identified as requiring ongoing medical assistance. This figure is slightly different from the regional average, where 6.9% of people in Regional Vic. require similar assistance.
How prevalent is asthma in the Kyneton SA2?
7.5% of people in the Kyneton SA2 are diagnosed with asthma. In comparison, 8.7% of the population across Regional Vic. is affected by asthma.
What percentage of people have diabetes in the Kyneton SA2?
Diabetes affects 4.2% of the the Kyneton SA2 population, while in the surrounding region, 4.6% of people are diagnosed with diabetes.
What is the percentage of people with heart disease in the Kyneton SA2?
4.2% of people in the Kyneton SA2 have heart disease. Across the region of Regional Vic., 4.4% of the population is affected by heart disease.
How does the Kyneton SA2 compare to the region in terms of overall private health coverage?
In the Kyneton SA2, 56.1% of the population are estimated to have private health insurance. Comparatively, Regional Vic. sees an estimated private health coverage rate of 50.5%.

Ancestry & LanguageCultural Diversity in Kyneton

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Kyneton is largely Australian-born, at 84.9% of residents, with 5.4% speaking a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are English (31.5%) and Australian (27.7%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.

Detail

Measures of cultural diversity in Kyneton track below wider benchmarks, with Australian citizens making up 89.0% of the community, 84.9% born in Australia, and 94.6% using only English at home. Christianity represents the leading faith, adhered to by 43.8% of locals. The most notable statistical variance appears in Judaism, which encompasses 0.2% of residents compared to 0.1% across Regional Vic.. Regarding ancestral background based on parental birthplaces, the most common lineages in Kyneton are English at 31.5%, Australian at 27.7%, and Irish at 12.1%. Noticeable variations also emerge across other heritage groups, including Scottish representation at 10.0% (compared to 8.8% regionally), Welsh at 0.7% (versus 0.4%), and Maltese at 0.8% (versus 0.5%).

Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity

What is the level of cultural diversity in the Kyneton SA2?
Kyneton was found to be below average in terms of cultural diversity, with 89.0% of its population being citizens, 84.9% born in Australia, and 94.6% speaking English only at home.
What is the most common religion in the Kyneton SA2?
The main religion in Kyneton was found to be Christianity, which makes up 43.8% of people in Kyneton. However, the most apparent overrepresentation was in Judaism, which comprises 0.2% of the population, compared to 0.1% across Regional Vic..
What are the top countries of origin in the Kyneton SA2?
In terms of ancestry (country of birth of parents), the top three represented groups in Kyneton are English, comprising 31.5% of the population, Australian, comprising 27.7% of the population, and Irish, comprising 12.1% of the population. Additionally, there are notable divergences in the representation of certain other ethnic groups: Scottish is notably overrepresented at 10.0% of Kyneton (vs 8.8% regionally), Welsh at 0.7% (vs 0.4%) and Maltese at 0.8% (vs 0.5%).
How does the percentage of people born overseas compare to the regional average?
15.1% of the the Kyneton SA2 population was born overseas, compared to 13.2% regionally.
What percentage of the the Kyneton SA2 population speaks a language other than English at home?
5.4% of the population in the Kyneton SA2 speaks a language other than English at home, compared to 7.6% in the wider region.
How many people in the Kyneton SA2 identify as Australian Aboriginal?
0.7% of the the Kyneton SA2 population identifies as Australian Aboriginal, compared to 1.4% in the region.
What is the citizenship status of the population in the Kyneton SA2?
89.0% of the the Kyneton SA2 population holds citizenship, compared to 88.6% in the wider region.

Age StructureAge Profile of Kyneton

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The median resident of Kyneton is 46, older than 81% of areas nationally. 16.8% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.

Detail

The age distribution in Kyneton aligns closely with Regional Vic. benchmarks, displaying a maximum divergence of 4.5 percentage points. The median age remains at an estimated 46, consistent with the 2021 Census figure and 3 years above the Regional Vic. median of 43 from that same Census, while the national median sat at 38. Since that time, the proportion of adults aged 25 - 44 has decreased from 21.0% to an estimated 19.0%. By 2041, the largest demographic gain is projected within this 25 - 44 age cohort, adding 819 residents (40%) to reach 2,874.

Frequently Asked Questions - Age

What is the median age in the Kyneton SA2?
AreaSearch estimates the median age in the Kyneton SA2 at 46 years as at August 2026. That is in line with the 2021 Census figure of 46 years, on an age profile AreaSearch re-estimates for population change recorded since the Census.
How does the Kyneton SA2's median age compare to broader areas?
At an estimated 46 years as at August 2026, Kyneton is 3 years older than the Regional Vic. 2021 Census average (43 years) and 8 years older than the national Census average (38 years).
What age groups are over-represented in the Kyneton SA2?
On AreaSearch estimates updated to August 2026, the most over-represented age group in the Kyneton SA2 compared to the Regional Vic. region is the 45 - 54 group, making up 15.1% of the population.
What age groups are under-represented in the Kyneton SA2?
On AreaSearch estimates updated to August 2026, the most under-represented age group in the Kyneton SA2 compared to the Regional Vic. region is the 25 - 34 group, making up 7.3% of the population.
Are there age groups with notable population variances?
No, the age distribution in the Kyneton SA2 is broadly in line with the Regional Vic. region.
What is the percentage of children (0-14 years) in the Kyneton SA2?
AreaSearch estimates children aged 0-14 years at 17.3% of the population in the Kyneton SA2 as at August 2026.
What is the percentage of older people (65+ years) in the Kyneton SA2?
AreaSearch estimates people aged 65 and over at 25.4% of the population in the Kyneton SA2 as at August 2026.

Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Kyneton

Data currency Refreshed

9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Sep 2026.

Everything is aggregated to the SA2 boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.

The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section

Section Source & update cycle Currency
Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections
Population ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to Aug 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline.
Age profile ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to Aug 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate.
Development & approvals ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) Aug 2026 last month headline measures · Jul 2026 baseline
Property sales & rents Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents Sep 2026 this month all 21 measures
Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Sep 2026.
Infrastructure projects Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily Aug 2026 last month all 6 projects tracked here
Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Aug 2026.
Employment ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) Mar 2026 6 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census.
Education ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Transport ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release Jul 2026 2 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Services & amenities Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous Jul 2026 2 months ago all 14 measures
Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections
Income ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail.
Health ABS, ATO Annual 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline
Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current.
Housing ABS 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures
Households ABS 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures
Cultural diversity ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures

"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.

How the numbers are built

Population

The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 331 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for Aug 2026, not a 2021 count (10,562 at the 2021 Census → 10,818 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.

Age profile

Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to Aug 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".

Property sales

Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.

Rents

Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.

Development & infrastructure

Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.

Employment & income

Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.

Education, transport & amenities

School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.

Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.

Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.

Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (202021030). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.

Common questions about this page

Why can the Kyneton SA2 boundary differ from the suburb boundary?
This page uses ABS Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) boundaries for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP). SA2 areas can differ materially from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, even when they share similar names, because they are defined for different purposes and often use different geographic boundaries.
Where does the data on this Kyneton page come from?
AreaSearch compiles this page from official and industry sources — including ABS, Geoscience Australia, Valuer General, Provider directories, DEWR, JSA, State Transport Departments and ACARA — then aggregates them to the boundary shown and calculates the rankings, growth rates and benchmarks itself. Property sales come from the state valuation authority, rents from state rental bond lodgements, development applications from council and state planning portals, school data from ACARA, and public transport from state transport departments.
Is the Kyneton data on this page just from the 2021 Census?
No. Most of this page is maintained well beyond the Census. Sourced entirely from current releases: development & approvals (Aug 2026), property sales & rents (Sep 2026), infrastructure projects (Aug 2026) and services & amenities (Jul 2026). Built on a Census baseline but carrying newer measures on top: population (to Aug 2026), age profile (to Aug 2026), employment (to Mar 2026), income (to FY 2023), education (to Aug 2026), transport (to Jul 2026) and health (to 2024). Population and age cohorts in particular are re-based to the latest ABS Estimated Resident Population rather than left at 2021 counts. Only housing, households and cultural diversity remain wholly Census-based, because no more current small-area dataset exists for those measures.

Nearby Areas