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This analysis uses ABS Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2) boundaries, which can materially differ from Suburbs and Localities (SAL) even when sharing similar names.
SA2 boundaries are defined by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and are designed to represent communities for statistical reporting (e.g., census and ERP).
Suburbs and Localities (SAL) represent commonly-used suburb/locality names (postal-style areas) and may use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.
est. as @ -- *
ABS ERP | -- people | --
2021 Census | -- people
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Epping - South has an estimated 8,329 residents, up from 8,204 at the 2021 Census — a change of 125 people, or 1.5%. 350 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. That puts 525 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.
Detail
According to findings by AreaSearch, the population of Epping - South stands at approximately 8,329 in May 2026. This represents a growth of 125 residents (1.5%) relative to the 2021 Census, when the count was 8,204 individuals. This shift is calculated using the ABS estimated resident population of 8,322 from June 2025 alongside 350 validated new addresses registered after the Census. Such a population size results in a density of 524 persons per square kilometer, offering substantial personal space and capacity for future housing projects. Expansion in the local population was almost exclusively generated by arrivals from overseas, which served as the sole source of population increases in recent times.
AreaSearch incorporates SA2 projections published by the ABS and Geoscience Australia in 2024, which utilize 2022 as their starting point. Where this dataset does not cover particular SA2 divisions, AreaSearch applies the 2023 Regional/LGA projections from the VIC State Government, adjusting them via a system that weights population growth from the LGA scale down to the SA2 scale. Age cohort growth rates derived from these weights are also projected forward for the years 2032 to 2041. Future demographic analysis indicates that the locality is set for extraordinary gains, placing it in the highest 10 percent of all statistical zones nationwide, with expectations to add 3,812 residents by 2041 based on the most recent annual ERP data, marking a 45.7% overall surge across the 16 years.
Frequently Asked Questions - Population
62 new dwellings have been approved in Epping - South over the past five years, an average of 12 a year. That is 1.5 approvals per 1,000 residents. Approvals are currently running at an annualised 5, well below that longer-run average. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this SA2 boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.
Detail
Epping - South averages approximately 12 residential building approvals annually, translating to a cumulative 62 dwellings over the preceding 5 financial years. Thus far in FY-26, 5 permits have been documented. Because the local population has contracted in recent times, the volume of housing has remained sufficient to meet demand, yielding a balanced marketplace with ample opportunities for purchasers, while incoming projects average a construction value of $210,000—a figure below the broader regional standard—pointing to more budget-friendly possibilities. Furthermore, commercial building approvals have reached $119.4 million during the current financial year, demonstrating robust commercial expansion.
Compared against the broader context of Greater Melbourne, building activity in Epping - South is noticeably quiet, sitting 89.0% below the regional average per capita. This lack of incoming housing supply typically boosts demand and values for existing stock. This level of activity also tracks below the countrywide average, reflecting the established nature of the locality and suggesting potential regulatory limitations on planning. Recent construction activity consists of 50.0% standalone houses and 50.0% multi-dwelling units or townhouses. Focusing on denser residential types provides more economical points of entry, catering to buyers looking to downsize, property investors, and first-time purchasers. This represents a clear departure from the current local profile (where 78.0% of properties are detached houses), showing a reduction in developable land, shifting preferences, and a requirement for a broader range of affordable housing styles. The calculation of 2606 people in the locality for each approved residential permit highlights the quiet pace of building development in the neighborhood. Demographic projections indicate that Epping - South is on track to add 3,805 inhabitants by 2041, based on the latest quarterly calculations by AreaSearch. Should the pace of construction remain at its current level, the supply of homes may fall short of matching population gains, which could intensify competition among buyers and foster stronger appreciation in property values.
Frequently Asked Questions - Development
Development applications around Epping - South
SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.
AreaSearch tracks 12 current infrastructure and development projects inside Epping - South, worth an estimated $8.64 billion. A further 85 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $24 billion. 25 are already under construction and 36 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, communities, precincts & urban renewal and education & training. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.
Detail
Local performance is heavily shaped by developments in regional infrastructure, major construction initiatives, and planning policies. A total of 50 projects have been identified by AreaSearch as having potential impacts on the locality. Key initiatives include the New Epping Health Hub, the Melbourne Food Innovation and Export Hub (MFIX), the Northern Hospital Redevelopment, and New Epping, with the list below highlighting the most significant undertakings.
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Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure
Northern Hospital Redevelopment
The $813 million Northern Hospital Redevelopment is a two-stage expansion of the Epping campus to meet the rising healthcare needs of Melbourne's fast-growing northern growth corridor. Stage 1 is delivering a four-storey Ambulatory Care Centre, which reached structural completion in October 2025 and is on track for opening in mid-2026. The new building will house outpatient, clinical and administration services with a ground link to the existing hospital. Stage 2, with John Holland appointed as Managing Contractor in October 2025, will deliver a new seven-level emergency department and inpatient unit tower fronting Cooper Street.The expanded ED will include a dedicated paediatric zone, a specialised mental health and alcohol and other drugs hub, an emergency observation unit, additional inpatient beds and more car parking. Early Works packages were advertised in late 2025, with Main Works packages being released progressively through early 2026. Once fully operational in late 2029, the redevelopment will provide nearly 200 emergency treatment spaces and support an additional 30,000 emergency patients each year. Both stages are expected to support up to 2,200 jobs during construction.
New Epping Health Hub
The New Epping Health Hub is a $1 billion state-of-the-art health and innovation precinct forming a significant public-private health cluster. Anchored by the now-operational Northern Private Hospital and the adjacent Northern Hospital, the 7-hectare hub features 80,000sqm of medical floorspace. Construction is currently underway on the $100 million New Epping Medical building, a six-storey facility providing 8,200sqm of specialist suites. Simultaneously, the $813 million Northern Hospital expansion is progressing, with the four-storey Ambulatory Care Centre structurally complete as of late 2025 and an emergency department tower under development.The precinct integrates specialist medical, research, and wellness facilities within a masterplan featuring a 2.7km nature loop.
Melbourne Food Innovation and Export Hub (MFIX)
The Melbourne Food Innovation and Export Hub (MFIX) is a planned 50-hectare precinct designed to co-locate food production, R&D, and export logistics. Situated next to the Melbourne Wholesale Fruit, Vegetable and Flower Market, it aims to create a world-class cluster for advanced food manufacturing and high-value exports. The project is a core component of the City of Whittlesea Agri-Food Plan 2023-2026, targeting the creation of over 6,000 jobs and positioning Northern Melbourne as a premier global food-tech destination.
New Epping
A 2 billion dollar urban renewal project by Riverlee transforming a 51-hectare former quarry into a carbon-neutral mixed-use precinct. The masterplan includes 2,500 dwellings across townhouses and apartments, alongside 110,000sqm of commercial space. Significant milestones reached in 2024-2025 include the opening of the Northern Private Hospital and progress on the Punthill Apartment Hotel, scheduled for 2026. The site features an 11-hectare central green spine with wetlands and a 2.7km walking trail.
Cooper Street Employment Precinct
The Cooper Street Employment Precinct is a state-significant industrial and commercial hub in Epping. It supports over 25,000 jobs across advanced manufacturing, logistics, and technology sectors. Key sub-precincts include Cooper Street West, East, and Macquarie, with major estates like 4Ten Epping and the Epping Logistics Estate under active development. The precinct is a primary gateway for Melbourne's north, featuring high-quality landscaped business parks, unique transparent cantilevered facade designs on modern warehouses, and strategic proximity to the Hume Freeway and the Melbourne Wholesale Fruit, Vegetable, and Flower Market.
Empire Epping
A bold new residential and commercial development set to redefine urban living in Epping. Features 94 apartments with one, two, and three-bedroom layouts, commercial spaces including shops, offices, a childcare centre, and a supermarket. Includes on-site amenities such as a gym, rooftop terrace, and residents garden. Offers high-end fixtures, spacious interiors, and secure parking.
Epping Activity Centre Plan
The Epping Activity Centre Plan is a long-term strategic framework that builds on the City of Whittlesea's Epping Central Structure Plan (June 2023) and forms part of the Victorian Government's Activity Centres Program under the Housing Statement. It identifies Epping as one of 10 priority Melbourne activity centres targeted to deliver more housing close to public transport, jobs and services. The plan supports between 9,800 and 13,900 new homes across the activity centre core and an 800 metre walkable catchment around Epping train station.Key features include simplified built form and design controls in the core, a deemed-to-comply pathway to streamline assessment, increased building heights graduating down toward sensitive interfaces, improved public realm and open space, and continued focus on Northern Hospital, Pacific Epping shopping centre and Melbourne Polytechnic as anchor uses. New planning controls including the Housing Choice and Transformation Zone, Built Form Overlay and Activity Centre Zone Schedule 1 were applied through planning scheme amendment GC252, approved on 11 April 2025.
Alto Epping
A 6-storey apartment development featuring 29 modern residences at 790 High Street, Epping. Designed by C&K Architecture to offer luxury and convenience with contemporary facade featuring concrete and timber-like cladding. The mid-rise development includes spacious open-plan layouts with city skyline views, superior-quality fixtures and fittings, and generously sized balconies. This boutique residential development focuses on community amenities and sustainable living in Epping's growing urban centre.
4,070 residents of Epping - South are employed, from a labour force of 4,465. Unemployment sits at 8.8%, with participation at 63.5%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.2% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. The working-day population is estimated at 13,790, about 166% of the resident population, so the area draws in more workers than it sends out. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Epping - South possesses a capable workforce, characterized by a heavy presence in the manufacturing and industrial sectors, alongside an unemployment rate of 8.8%, and estimated jobs growth of 1.4% over the preceding year. As of March 2026, there are 4,070 employed residents, though the local unemployment rate sits 4.1% above the Greater Melbourne average of 4.8%, highlighting areas for progress, while the participation rate is notably lower at 63.5% compared to 70.2% across Greater Melbourne. Census figures indicate that a modest 17.0% of the workforce operated from home, though this may have been influenced by pandemic-related restrictions.
The local workforce is heavily represented in healthcare & social assistance, retail trade, and construction. The district shows a high concentration of jobs in transport, postal & warehousing, where the employment proportion is 1.7 times the metropolitan average. Conversely, professional & technical occupations are underrepresented, accounting for 5.1% compared to the metropolitan average of 10.1%. With a ratio of 1.8 jobs for every resident at the time of the Census, the locality serves as a major employment center, hosting more positions than working residents and drawing commuters from neighboring suburbs. According to an analysis of SALM and ABS statistics by AreaSearch, the year leading to March 2026 saw employment expand by 1.4% and the labor force grow by 2.8%, leading to a 1.2 percentage point rise in the unemployment rate. Over the same timeframe, Greater Melbourne recorded a 2.1% lift in employment and a 2.3% rise in the labor force, with the unemployment rate rising by 0.2 percentage points. The national labor forecasts from Jobs and Skills Australia issued in May-25 offer additional perspective on potential future demand in Epping - South. These projections, spanning five and ten-year horizons, have been applied to the local workforce profile to model expansion patterns. While the national job market is anticipated to grow by 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, the rate of change varies widely by sector. Projecting these industry-specific trends onto the employment profile of Epping - South suggests local jobs will grow by 6.2% over five years and 13.0% over ten years, representing a basic weighted projection for display purposes that does not incorporate local demographic forecasts.
Frequently Asked Questions - Employment
Median household income in Epping - South is $1,443 a week (about $75,000 a year), with median personal income at $635 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $47,134 a year against an average of $52,889. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.
Detail
According to the most recent postcode ATO data from the 2023 financial year, taxpayers in the Epping - South SA2 have a median income of $47,134 and an average of $52,889. These figures sit below the national benchmarks, and compare with a median of $57,688 and average of $75,164 for Greater Melbourne. Factoring in Wage Price Index growth of 9.62% since the 2023 financial year, current values are estimated at approximately $51,668 for the median and $57,977 for the average as of March 2026. Census data shows household income ranks in the 32nd percentile with a weekly figure of $1,443, while individual earnings place in the 16th percentile.
Looking at distribution, the income band between $1,500 and 2,999 contains 34.7% of the population, which equates to 2,890 people, resembling the metropolitan distribution where 32.8% fall into this bracket. Financial strain related to housing is high, with residents retaining only 84.2% of their income, which sits in the 32nd percentile.
Frequently Asked Questions - Income
Epping - South had 2,853 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 78% detached houses and 1% apartments. 30% are owned with a mortgage, 35% rented and 35% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $350 a week and the median mortgage repayment $1,500 a month. Rent absorbs 24.3% of household income here and mortgage repayments 24.0%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.
Detail
The mix of housing in Epping - South at the time of the last Census consisted of 77.8% detached houses and 22.1% alternative options like townhouses, flats, and other types, compared to Greater Melbourne's split of 67.9% detached houses and 32.1% alternative options. Home ownership rates in Epping - South reached 34.5%, exceeding the metropolitan average, while the remaining properties were either being purchased with a mortgage (30.3%) or occupied by tenants (35.1%). The median monthly outlay for mortgages in the area was lower than the metropolitan average at $1,500, and the median weekly rent stood at $350, compared to metropolitan figures of $2,000 and $390.
Across the nation, Epping - South mortgage repayments are below the Australian average of $1,863, and rent costs are lower than the national benchmark of $375.
Frequently Asked Questions - Housing
Epping - South counted 2,853 households at the 2021 Census, averaging 2.7 people each. 32% are couples with children, against 24% couples without children. 23% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.6 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Family households make up the majority of the community at 73.9% of all homes, comprising couples with offspring at 32.0%, couples without offspring at 23.8%, and single parents with children at 16.6%. The remaining 26.1% consists of non-family households, with single-person households at 22.8% and group living situations representing 3.2% of the total. The median size of local households is 2.7 residents, which is larger than the Greater Melbourne average of 2.6.
Frequently Asked Questions - Households
22.2% of adults in Epping - South hold a university qualification, including 14.0% with a bachelor degree and 6.6% with postgraduate qualifications. A further 19.9% hold a vocational qualification. 7 schools serve the area, with 3,234 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 1,009 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.
Detail
The neighborhood faces educational hurdles, with university graduation rates at 22.2%, a figure significantly lower than the Greater Melbourne average of 37.0%. This scenario highlights an opportunity for targeted learning programs. Bachelor degrees represent the main qualification at 14.0%, with postgraduate degrees at 6.6% and graduate diplomas at 1.6%. Vocational and technical qualifications are common, with 30.9% of residents aged 15+ holding qualifications, consisting of advanced diplomas at 11.0% and certificates at 19.9%. Enrolment in education is quite strong, with 29.1% of local residents currently participating in formal study. This cohort comprises 8.8% in primary schools, 7.2% in secondary institutions, and 5.2% engaged in higher education.
Frequently Asked Questions - Education
Schools Detail
Public transport in Epping - South reaches 76 stops on 11 routes, timetabled for about 8,100 services a week. The typical home sits about 190 m from its nearest stop. Buses carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 1.3 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Public transit assessment indicates there are 76 active stops in Epping - South, consisting of bus services. These locations are served by 11 separate routes, which combine to support 8,075 weekly passenger journeys. Access to transport is classified as excellent, with typical resident distances to the nearest stop standing at 190 meters. Being a mostly residential district, the majority of workers travel outside the suburb, with private cars representing the primary mode of travel at 81%, followed by trains at 11%. Car ownership averages 1.3 vehicles per household. About 17.0% of the workforce worked from home, according to the 2021 Census, which may reflect pandemic circumstances.
Service frequency stands at an average of 1,153 daily runs across all routes, which corresponds to roughly 106 weekly journeys for each individual transit stop.
Frequently Asked Questions - Transport
Transport Stops Detail
69.8% of residents in Epping - South report no long-term health condition, a less healthy profile than 85% of areas nationally. 9.4% need daily assistance with core activities, and 46.3% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 11.3 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.
Detail
Health statistics indicate significant obstacles in Epping - South, according to AreaSearch's evaluation of death rates and the presence of chronic illnesses, which are noticeable among both younger and older residents, while the proportion of people with private medical insurance is extremely low at roughly 46% of the population, representing about 3,856 individuals. This is lower than the 56.7% recorded in Greater Melbourne and the national benchmark of 55.7%. The most prevalent health issues identified in the region are arthritis and mental health challenges, affecting 7.6 and 7.5% of the population, respectively, while 69.8% of the community reported having no medical conditions, compared to 72.6% across Greater Melbourne.
Health profiles for working-age individuals are generally standard. The area contains 18.1% of residents aged 65 and over, representing 1,510 individuals, which is higher than the 15.0% proportion in Greater Melbourne. Health profiles among older residents present some difficulties, with rankings relative to national averages tracking higher than for the general population.
Frequently Asked Questions - Health
44.3% of Epping - South residents were born overseas and 51.5% speak a language other than English at home, more culturally diverse than 88% of areas nationally. The largest reported ancestries are English (15.0%) and Australian (14.3%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Epping - South exhibits high levels of cultural variety, with 44.3% of the community born in other countries and 51.5% using a non-English language at home. Christianity is the primary religion, representing 49.4% of the population in Epping - South. The most notable difference is in the Other category, which accounts for 5.3% of the community compared to 2.3% across Greater Melbourne. Looking at ancestral backgrounds, the three largest groups in Epping - South are Other at 17.7% of the population, English at 15.0% of the population, which is lower than the metropolitan benchmark of 20.1%, and Australian at 14.3% of the population.
There are also marked variations in the proportions of other backgrounds: Macedonian background represents 5.9% of Epping - South compared to 0.7% across the region, Italian represents 9.6% compared to 5.2%, and Serbian accounts for 0.9% compared to 0.4%.
Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity
The median resident of Epping - South is 38. 29.8% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.
Detail
The median age of 38 years in Epping - South is comparable to the Greater Melbourne average of 37 and matches the national median of 38. Compared to Greater Melbourne, Epping - South has a higher proportion of residents in the 65 - 74 bracket (9.6%) but fewer children in the 5 - 14 group (10.0%). Since the 2021 Census, the 75 to 84 cohort has increased from 5.0% to 6.5% of the population, and the 25 to 34 group has risen from 16.0% to 17.4%. In contrast, the 45 to 54 cohort fell from 12.0% to 10.4%.
By 2041, the age profile in Epping - South is expected to undergo major adjustments, led by the 45 to 54 cohort which is projected to grow by 64% (554 people), increasing from 867 to 1,422.
Frequently Asked Questions - Age
Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Epping - South
9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Aug 2026.
Everything is aggregated to the SA2 boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.
The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section
| Section | Source & update cycle | Currency |
|---|---|---|
| Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections | ||
| Population | ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to May 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline. | ||
| Age profile | ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to May 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate. | ||
| Development & approvals | ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) | Jun 2026 2 months ago headline measures · May 2026 baseline |
| Property sales & rents | Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents | Aug 2026 this month all 21 measures |
| Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Aug 2026. | ||
| Infrastructure projects | Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily | Jul 2026 last month all 12 projects tracked here |
| Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Jul 2026. | ||
| Employment | ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) | Mar 2026 5 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census. | ||
| Education | ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) | Aug 2026 this month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Transport | ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release | Jul 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Services & amenities | Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous | Jul 2026 last month all 14 measures |
| Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections | ||
| Income | ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) | FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail. | ||
| Health | ABS, ATO Annual | 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current. | ||
| Housing | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures |
| Households | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures |
| Cultural diversity | ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures |
"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.
How the numbers are built
Population
The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 350 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for May 2026, not a 2021 count (8,204 at the 2021 Census → 8,329 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.
Age profile
Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to May 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".
Property sales
Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.
Rents
Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.
Development & infrastructure
Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.
Employment & income
Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.
Education, transport & amenities
School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.
Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.
Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.
Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (209041432). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.