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This analysis uses Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, which can materially differ from Statistical Areas (SA2) even when sharing the same name.
SAL boundaries are defined by Australia Post and the Australian Bureau of Statistics to represent commonly-known suburb names used in postal addresses.
Statistical Areas (SA2) are designed for census data collection and may combine multiple suburbs or use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.
est. as @ -- *
2021 Census | -- people
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Hawthorn East has an estimated 16,441 residents, up from 14,834 at the 2021 Census — a change of 1,607 people, or 10.8%. Growth has averaged 0.8% a year over five years. 140 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. Overseas migration accounts for 91.0% of that increase. That puts 4,724 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.
Detail
In the suburb of Hawthorn East, the resident population has reached an estimated 16,441 as of May 2026, according to AreaSearch evaluations of updated ABS statistics alongside recently confirmed street addresses. Compared to the 14,834 residents counted in the 2021 Census, this represents a gain of 1,607 individuals, or 10.8%. This updated figure builds upon an AreaSearch baseline estimate of 16,439 derived from the ABS June 2025 regional population dataset, with 140 validated new addresses added since the census date. Consequently, the suburb has a density of 4,724 persons per square kilometer, placing it within the highest 10% of all areas analysed nationwide and highlighting the premium placed on local land.
The suburb of Hawthorn East outpaced the broader SA3 territory (6.6%) and the surrounding SA4 region, establishing itself as a local growth hub. Overseas migration served as the principal driver, accounting for roughly 91.0% of the population increase, though interstate migration and natural increase also made positive contributions. Future population outlooks rely on SA2 projections published by ABS and Geoscience Australia in 2024, using 2022 as their starting point. Where direct statistics are missing, estimations are built from the VIC State Government's 2023 LGA and regional forecasts, combined using a weighted aggregation method. The age distribution trends from these combined projections are carried forward to cover the years 2032 to 2041. Based on these demographic models, the suburb of Hawthorn East is expected to see a population expansion slightly below the national median, increasing by 2,026 residents by 2041 and representing a 12.3% gain over the 16 years.
Frequently Asked Questions - Population
270 new dwellings have been approved in Hawthorn East over the past five years, an average of 54 a year. That is 3.5 approvals per 1,000 residents. Of the 31 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 42% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Approvals are currently running at an annualised 55, broadly in line with that longer-run average. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this Suburb (SAL) boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.
Detail
Analyses of building approval records reveal that Hawthorn East averages approximately 54 approved residential dwellings each year. This translates to an estimated 270 residential approvals over the 5 financial years from FY-21 to FY-25, with 51 approvals logged during the current FY-26 period. Strong housing demand is indicated by an average intake of 2.4 additional residents per new dwelling built from FY-21 to FY-25, helping sustain property values. The average construction cost for these new homes stands at $1,372,000, showing that builders are focusing on premium, high-end designs. Local commercial activity also remains strong, with $45.3 million in business development approvals recorded in the current financial year.
Per capita residential building approvals in Hawthorn East run at approximately 63% of the level seen across Greater Melbourne, placing the suburb in the 21st percentile of markets nationwide. This lower volume limits choices for prospective buyers and helps support values for established properties. This below-average national building rate reflects the mature nature of the suburb and points to possible planning limitations. Multi-unit developments and medium to high-density options make up 58.0% of new projects, while standalone houses comprise 42.0%. Denser housing styles provide more affordable pathways and attract investors, first-time buyers, and downsizers. The ratio of around 760 residents for every approved dwelling underlines the established status of this housing market. Long-term forecasts suggest the local population will grow by 2,024 residents by 2041, based on the latest quarterly calculations. Current construction rates are keeping pace with these projections, although incoming residents will likely face increased competition for available properties.
Frequently Asked Questions - Development
Development applications around Hawthorn East
SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.
AreaSearch tracks 7 current infrastructure and development projects inside Hawthorn East, worth an estimated $1.36 billion. A further 167 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $66.5 billion. 46 are already under construction and 68 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, communities, precincts & urban renewal and transport & logistics. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.
Detail
Local infrastructure projects, planning choices, and development initiatives are key drivers of regional performance. AreaSearch has identified 28 projects expected to influence the local area. Key projects include the Camberwell Junction Activity Centre Development, Camberwell House, Nido Early School Hawthorn East, and the Hawthorn East Main Drain Upgrade, with the most relevant ones detailed in the list below.
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Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure
Auburn Train and Tram Zone Activity Centre
Part of the Victorian Government Activity Centres Program to deliver 300,000 new homes by 2051. Planning controls were finalised in March 2026 via Amendment GC270 to allow increased density around Auburn Station. The approved plan specifies heights of 8 to 12 storeys in the commercial core, with selected areas reaching 16 storeys. Surrounding residential catchments within 800m allow for 3 to 6 storeys depending on lot size. The initiative aims to streamline approvals by removing VCAT appeal rights for developments that meet these new built form standards.
Nido Early School Hawthorn East
Construction of a premium 68-place early learning centre incorporating the adaptive reuse and extension of a heritage-listed Queen Anne villa. The project will provide Reggio Emilia inspired education for children from 6 weeks to school age with purpose-built indoor and outdoor learning spaces, atelier art studios, landscaped gardens and on-site kitchen facilities. The operator is targeting an opening in mid 2026, subject to final approvals.
Camberwell Junction Activity Centre Plan
A transformative urban renewal plan finalized by the Victorian Government in April 2025 to deliver at least 7,500 new homes by 2051. The plan introduces new planning controls including a Built Form Overlay allowing heights up to 12 storeys (approx. 43 meters) in the commercial core and a Housing Choice and Transport Zone in the surrounding catchment allowing 3 to 6 storeys. It focuses on high-density mixed-use development, heritage preservation, and improved pedestrian connectivity. Major private developments under this framework include the 12-storey 'Above Zero' project at 697-699 Burke Road, which was approved in early 2026 as the area's second tallest building.
Hawthorn East Main Drain Upgrade
Upgrading sections of the Hawthorn East Main Drain near Glenferrie Oval to address structural issues including brick separation and loss. The project will renew pipe sections to reduce flood risk and improve stormwater resilience. Investigative works commenced in June 2025.
Camberwell House
Landmark 12-storey mixed-use development designed by Cera Stribley for Above Zero. Features 36 penthouse-style apartments, 6 levels of commercial office, and ground floor retail. Set to be City of Boroondara's second tallest building with spectacular city skyline views.
Glenferrie Place Plan Implementation
Implementation of the Glenferrie Place Plan to revitalise the Glenferrie precinct, creating a more vibrant and connected local economy. Key initiatives include urban greening, sustainable transport improvements, streetscape upgrades, and the ongoing transformation of the Columbia Street laneway into a safe, people-focused space with improved amenity, landscaping, and accessibility to the station.
Greenline Project
A 4km trail of green space along the north side of the Yarra River designed to connect five precincts with a walking track, promoting urban renewal and economic development.
Scotch Hill Gardens
Scotch Hill Gardens is a major Hamton residential redevelopment of the former University of Melbourne Hawthorn campus in the Scotch Hill precinct. The project comprises six boutique residential buildings with 1, 2 and 3 bedroom residences, extensive landscaped gardens, retained mature trees, wellness and resident amenities, and a display gallery at 147 Robinson Road. A planning permit has been issued and amended, Brady Constructions has been appointed builder, demolition is complete and site works are progressing.
10,529 residents of Hawthorn East are employed, from a labour force of 10,854. Unemployment sits at 3.0%, with participation at 74.9%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 7.4% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Hawthorn East boasts a well-educated labor force with professional services playing a major role. The unemployment rate stands at 3.0%, and there was an estimated employment growth of 2.3% over the previous year according to AreaSearch data. By March 2026, 10,529 residents were employed, with an unemployment rate of 1.8% lower than the 4.8% recorded in Greater Melbourne. Workforce participation sits at 74.9%, which is slightly above the 70.2% average for Greater Melbourne. Census data indicates that 49.6% of residents worked from home, though this figure should be viewed in light of the lasting effects of Covid-19 lockdowns.
The major employment fields for residents are professional & technical services, healthcare & social assistance, and education & training. Professional and technical jobs show a particularly strong concentration, occurring at 1.9 times the metropolitan average. Conversely, building and construction roles are under-represented, accounting for 5.6% of workers compared to 9.7% across Greater Melbourne. The presence of 0.6 local jobs for every resident at the time of the Census indicates a higher-than-average level of local employment opportunities. Based on statistical data from the 12 months leading up to March 2026, local employment grew by 2.3% while the labour force expanded by 2.5%, leading to a small rise in the unemployment rate of 0.2 percentage points. Over the same timeframe, Greater Melbourne recorded a 2.1% increase in employment, a 2.3% rise in the labour force, and a 0.2 percentage point increase in unemployment. National forecasts from Jobs and Skills Australia dated May-25 offer additional perspective on potential employment patterns. These five and ten-year forecasts have been applied to local industries to project future growth. While national employment is projected to rise by 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, trends vary significantly by industry sector. Adjusting these projections to fit the local industry structure suggests employment will grow by 7.4% over five years and 14.8% over ten years, representing a simple weighted extrapolation that does not incorporate local population projections.
Frequently Asked Questions - Employment
Median household income in Hawthorn East is $2,253 a week (about $117,000 a year), with median personal income at $1,244 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $69,652 a year against an average of $117,834. The average runs 69% above the median, a wider spread than most areas and a sign of a concentrated group of high earners. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.
Detail
Tax office data for the 2023 financial year indicates a median taxpayer income of $69,652 and an average taxpayer income of $117,834. These levels are exceptionally high compared to the Greater Melbourne median of $57,688 and average of $75,164. Adjusting for a Wage Price Index increase of 9.62% since the 2023 financial year suggests current figures of roughly $76,353 for the median and $129,170 for the average as of March 2026. The 2021 Census ranks household, family, and personal incomes in the area between the 81st and 93rd percentiles nationally.
Weekly earnings between $1,500 and $2,999 are received by 29.3% of residents (4,817 individuals), which is close to the wider regional level of 32.8% in the same bracket. A significant proportion of top earners, with 38.5% receiving more than $3,000 weekly, highlights substantial household purchasing power. Housing costs consume 14.9% of local incomes, leaving residents in the 81st percentile for disposable income, and the suburb ranks in the 10th decile on the SEIFA index.
Frequently Asked Questions - Income
Hawthorn East had 6,251 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 33% detached houses and 49% apartments. 29% are owned with a mortgage, 41% rented and 30% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $415 a week and the median mortgage repayment $2,500 a month, a total housing cost higher than 78% of areas nationally. Rent absorbs 18.4% of household income here and mortgage repayments 25.6%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.
Detail
At the most recent Census, the local housing mix consisted of 33.1% standalone houses and 66.9% other property types, including semi-detached options and apartments. This contrasts with the wider Melbourne metropolitan area, where standalone houses make up 67.9% of dwellings and other options comprise 32.1%. The rate of home ownership matches the metropolitan average of 30.2%, with the remaining properties occupied by residents with a mortgage (28.8%) or renting tenants (41.0%). The median monthly mortgage payment in the suburb was $2,500, which is higher than the Melbourne metropolitan average of $2,000.
The median weekly rent of $415 also exceeds the metropolitan average of $390. Globally, local mortgage repayments are higher than the Australian average of $1,863, and weekly rents are above the national average of $375.
Frequently Asked Questions - Housing
Hawthorn East counted 6,251 households at the 2021 Census, an estimated 6,928 today, averaging 2.3 people each. 26% are couples with children, against 27% couples without children. 33% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.1 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Families make up the majority of households at 60.4%, consisting of couples with children at 25.8%, couples without children at 26.5%, and single parents at 6.9%. Non-family living arrangements account for the remaining 39.6%, with lone person households representing 33.2% and group housing making up 6.3%. The median household size of 2.3 occupants is smaller than the Greater Melbourne average of 2.6.
Frequently Asked Questions - Households
61.6% of adults in Hawthorn East hold a university qualification, including 37.8% with a bachelor degree and 18.4% with postgraduate qualifications, higher than 91% of areas nationally. A further 7.7% hold a vocational qualification. 4 schools serve the area, with 1,868 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 1,149 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.
Detail
Educational attainment is high, with 61.6% of residents aged 15 and over holding a university qualification, compared to national and state averages of 30.4% and 33.4% respectively. This educational profile positions the suburb well for knowledge-intensive industries. Bachelor degrees are the most common qualification at 37.8%, followed by postgraduate degrees at 18.4% and graduate diplomas at 5.4%. Vocational education accounts for 16.6% of qualifications among residents aged 15 and over, split between advanced diplomas (8.9%) and certificates (7.7%). A high percentage of residents are engaged in study, with 30.2% enrolled in formal education programs.
This group includes 10.2% studying at the tertiary level, 7.9% in primary school, and 7.1% attending secondary school.
Frequently Asked Questions - Education
Schools Detail
Public transport in Hawthorn East reaches 23 stops on 8 routes, timetabled for about 6,900 services a week. The typical home sits about 230 m from its nearest stop. Trams carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 0.9 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
The local transit network features 23 active stops, consisting of light rail and bus options. These stops are served by 8 distinct transit routes, which provide a total of 6,851 weekly passenger journeys. Transport links are good, with residents living an average of 233 meters from their nearest stop. Because the suburb is mostly residential, many workers commute out of the area. Private vehicles remain the primary travel option at 71%, followed by trains at 14% and walking at 7%. Vehicle ownership is low, averaging 0.9 cars per household, which is below the metropolitan average.
A high 49.6% of residents worked from home according to the 2021 Census, which may have been influenced by pandemic conditions. Across all transit routes, services run at an average of 978 trips each day, translating to roughly 297 weekly departures from each individual stop.
Frequently Asked Questions - Transport
Transport Stops Detail
73.3% of residents in Hawthorn East report no long-term health condition, a healthier profile than 80% of areas nationally. 3.9% need daily assistance with core activities, and 73.1% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 4.5 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.
Detail
Health indicators show positive outcomes, with low rates of chronic illness across all age demographics and exceptionally high levels of private health insurance, covering approximately 73% of residents (12,023 people). This compares to coverage rates of 56.7% across Greater Melbourne and a national average of 55.7%. Mental health conditions and asthma are the most common diagnoses, affecting 7.9% and 7.5% of the population, respectively. However, 73.3% of residents reported having no long-term medical conditions, slightly higher than the Greater Melbourne average of 72.6%. Working-age individuals display strong health markers. Residents aged 65 and over make up 16.3% of the community (2,679 people), which is above the Greater Melbourne average of 15.0%.
Health outcomes among these older residents remain robust, aligning with general population health trends.
Frequently Asked Questions - Health
31.7% of Hawthorn East residents were born overseas and 25.0% speak a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are English (22.7%) and Australian (18.9%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Cultural diversity is higher than in most other localities, with 31.7% of residents born outside Australia and 25.0% speaking a non-English language at home. Christianity is the most common religious affiliation, encompassing 38.5% of the population. The most prominent religious overrepresentation is Judaism, which accounts for 2.4% of residents compared to 1.0% across Greater Melbourne. Regarding ancestral backgrounds, the three most common heritages are English at 22.7%, Australian at 18.9%, and Chinese at 10.0%. Other notable groups include French, which is represented at 0.8% locally compared to 0.5% regionally, Greek at 2.6% compared to 2.7%, and Polish at 0.9% compared to 0.8%.
Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity
The median resident of Hawthorn East is 36. 36.4% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.
Detail
The median age of residents is 36 years, which is close to the Greater Melbourne average of 37 and slightly below the national median of 38. Compared to Greater Melbourne, there is a higher proportion of young adults aged 25 to 34 (21.5%) and fewer children aged 5 to 14 (8.8%). The concentration of residents aged 25 to 34 is also higher than the national figure of 14.6%. Since the 2021 Census, the proportion of residents aged 25 to 34 grew from 19.7% to 21.5%, and the 15 to 24 age bracket increased from 13.2% to 14.9%.
Over the same period, the 5 to 14 cohort decreased from 10.7% to 8.8%, and the 45 to 54 group fell from 12.7% to 11.1%. Demographic projections suggest the age profile will change by 2041, with the 65 to 74 group expected to grow by 33%, adding 418 residents to total 1,684. Older residents aged 65 and over will account for 52% of the total population growth, highlighting the aging trend, while the 5 to 14 and 15 to 24 age groups are projected to decrease in size.
Frequently Asked Questions - Age
Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Hawthorn East
9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Aug 2026.
Everything is aggregated to the Suburb (SAL) boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.
The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section
| Section | Source & update cycle | Currency |
|---|---|---|
| Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections | ||
| Population | ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to May 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline. | ||
| Age profile | ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to May 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate. | ||
| Development & approvals | ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) | Jun 2026 2 months ago headline measures · May 2026 baseline |
| Property sales & rents | Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents | Aug 2026 this month all 21 measures |
| Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Aug 2026. | ||
| Infrastructure projects | Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily | Jul 2026 last month all 7 projects tracked here |
| Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Jul 2026. | ||
| Employment | ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) | Mar 2026 5 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census. | ||
| Education | ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) | Aug 2026 this month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Transport | ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release | Jul 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Services & amenities | Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous | Jul 2026 last month all 14 measures |
| Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections | ||
| Income | ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) | FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail. | ||
| Health | ABS, ATO Annual | 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current. | ||
| Housing | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures |
| Households | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures |
| Cultural diversity | ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures |
"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.
How the numbers are built
Population
The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 140 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for May 2026, not a 2021 count (14,834 at the 2021 Census → 16,441 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.
Age profile
Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to May 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".
Property sales
Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.
Rents
Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.
Development & infrastructure
Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.
Employment & income
Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.
Education, transport & amenities
School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.
Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.
Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.
Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (SAL21153). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.