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This analysis uses Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, which can materially differ from Statistical Areas (SA2) even when sharing the same name.
SAL boundaries are defined by Australia Post and the Australian Bureau of Statistics to represent commonly-known suburb names used in postal addresses.
Statistical Areas (SA2) are designed for census data collection and may combine multiple suburbs or use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.
est. as @ -- *
2021 Census | -- people
The median house price in Hornsby is $1.85m, with units at $735k. House values have moved 1.4% a year compounded over five years.
Curious about local property values? Filter the chart to assess the volume and appreciation (including resales) trends and regional comparisons, or scroll to the map below view this information at an individual property level.
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Sales Detail
Hornsby has an estimated 23,588 residents, up from 22,462 at the 2021 Census — a change of 1,126 people, or 5.0%. 150 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. Overseas migration accounts for 83.0% of that increase. That puts 2,828 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.
Detail
Analysis of ABS population updates for the wider region and new addresses verified by AreaSearch since the Census estimates that Hornsby has a population of about 23,588 as of May 2026. This represents a growth of 1,126 residents (5.0%) from the 2021 Census, which counted 22,462 people. This shift is derived from the resident population of 23,586, which AreaSearch calculated using the ABS June 2025 ERP release alongside 150 validated new addresses added since the Census date. With this population level, the density ratio stands at 2,828 persons per square kilometer, placing the locality in the top quartile of all national areas evaluated by AreaSearch.
Outperforming the broader SA3 region (4.5%), Hornsby's 5.0% expansion since the 2021 census positions it as a regional growth leader. The primary driver of this population growth was overseas migration, which was responsible for about 83.0% of the overall population gains in recent times. AreaSearch employs ABS/Geoscience Australia projections for each SA2 region, published in 2024 with a 2022 baseline. For any SA2 locations lacking this coverage, projections from the NSW State Government SA2 dataset published in 2022 with a 2021 baseline are substituted. The age cohort growth rates from these combined sources are also applied to all locations for the period spanning 2032 to 2041. Looking at upcoming demographic trends, the area is projected to experience a population increase slightly below the national median, expanding by 2,140 individuals to 2041 according to collective SA2 projections, representing a 9.1% total expansion over the 16 years.
Frequently Asked Questions - Population
280 new dwellings have been approved in Hornsby over the past five years, an average of 56 a year. That is 2.4 approvals per 1,000 residents. Of the 64 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 52% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Approvals are currently running at an annualised 39, well below that longer-run average. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this Suburb (SAL) boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.
Detail
Based on AreaSearch analysis of ABS building approvals mapped from statistical divisions, Hornsby averages about 56 residential approvals annually, totaling an estimated 280 residential approvals over the last 5 financial years (from FY-21 to FY-25) and 36 during the current FY-26. Given that only 0.9 new residents arrived per approved home on average over the past 5 financial years (from FY-21 to FY-25), residential construction is meeting or running ahead of demand, providing purchasers with greater choice and supporting population expansion that may outpace current projections, while approved dwellings have an average value of $559,000, indicating that developers are focusing on the high-end segment with premium options.
Furthermore, commercial approvals worth $22.0 million have been documented during the current financial year, pointing to steady commercial building activity. Relative to Greater Sydney, Hornsby displays 12.0% less new development per person, placing in the 54th percentile of localities evaluated across the nation, even though building activity has risen in recent times. This volume also sits below the national average, reflecting the established nature of the area and indicating potential planning restrictions. The new supply comprises 52.0% standalone houses and 48.0% medium to high-density dwellings, with a broadening selection of townhouses and apartments offering choices across various price points, from family properties to more economical compact spaces. Residential construction leans more toward detached houses than current housing stock ratios indicate (35.0% at the Census), highlighting persistent demand for family residences despite rising density trends. There are approximately 292 people per residential approval, pointing to a low density market. Looking forward, the latest quarterly estimates from AreaSearch indicate Hornsby will add 2,138 residents by 2041. Construction is keeping pace reasonably well with this expected growth, though home buyers could experience heightened competition as the population rises.
Frequently Asked Questions - Development
Development applications around Hornsby
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| Lodged | Address | Description | Type | Distance | Status |
|---|
SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.
AreaSearch tracks 12 current infrastructure and development projects inside Hornsby, worth an estimated $2.94 billion. A further 37 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $46.3 billion. 5 are already under construction and 10 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, transport & logistics and communities, precincts & urban renewal. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.
Detail
Changes in local infrastructure, major developments, and urban planning initiatives represent key drivers of local performance. AreaSearch has identified a total of 16 projects that are expected to influence the locality. Important projects include Hornsby Park, Twin Towers Hornsby, the transformation of Hornsby Park from a quarry to parklands, and the Hornsby Town Centre Masterplan and TOD Rezoning, with the list below highlighting the most relevant initiatives.
Professional plan users can use the search below to filter and access additional projects.
INFRASTRUCTURE SEARCH
Denotes AI-based impression for illustrative purposes only, not to be taken as definitive under any circumstances. Please follow links and conduct other investigations from the project's source for actual imagery. Developers and project owners wishing us to use original imagery please Contact Us and we will do so.
Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure
Hornsby Park
Transformation of the 60-hectare former Hornsby Quarry site into a major regional bush parkland in Sydney's upper north shore. The first stage opened to the public in late March 2026, comprising the Crusher Plant Precinct (lawns, picnic shelters, electric BBQs, accessible toilets, free parking), the Southern Lookout providing fully accessible sweeping views into the volcanic quarry void, and the upgraded Heritage Steps linking the Hornsby Aquatic and Leisure Centre down into the precinct. Construction continues in stages, with future works including the Quarry Loop walking and cycling track, additional scenic lookouts, a bike jump and pump track, and the Old Mans Valley field of play.Longer term masterplan elements feature a freshwater quarry lake, wetlands cascade, lakeside amenities and an accessible lift to the quarry base. The masterplan was designed by Clouston Associates with Hornsby Shire Council. Stage 1 has been supported by the NSW Government through the Stronger Communities Fund.
Hornsby Town Centre Masterplan and TOD Rezoning
Council's adopted Hornsby Town Centre Masterplan has been implemented through the NSW Government's Hornsby Transport Oriented Development rezoning, which came into effect on 27 November 2024. The rezoning provides capacity for over 6,000 new homes, about 2,900 jobs, affordable housing contributions, new and upgraded open space, a new library, community centre, cultural and creative facilities, better walking and cycling links, and provisions for a new bus interchange. Development applications can now be lodged and assessed under the new planning controls.
Westfield Hornsby Transport Oriented Development
A major mixed-use redevelopment of Westfield Hornsby within the NSW Government's Transport Oriented Development (TOD) Accelerated Precinct. Following finalised state-led rezoning, the project allows for approximately 6,000 new dwellings across multiple high-rise residential towers (reaching up to 53 storeys), alongside expanded retail, commercial spaces, and 2,900 new jobs. Key infrastructure includes a new public library, a Town Square, a new pedestrian overpass at Hornsby Station, and upgraded open spaces like Burdett Street Park.
Linea Apartments (94-98 George Street)
DA-approved mixed-use project within Hornsby town centre: demolition of existing structures and construction of a 13-14 storey building comprising approx. 76 residential units above three levels of commercial floorspace, with recent Section 4.55 modifications lodged in 2025.
Twin Towers Hornsby (Westside Gateway)
Mixed-use twin tower development comprising approximately 200 apartments across Tower A (9 storeys) and Tower B (19 storeys), set above a podium of retail and commercial floorspace totalling approximately 4,793 square metres. The project includes a rooftop terrace on Tower A, communal open space between towers, basement parking for approximately 362 vehicles, and the relocation of a heritage-listed house and retention of heritage facades along Peats Ferry Road. Located in Hornsby CBD adjacent to Hornsby Park and four minutes walk from Hornsby railway station.
Hornsby Ku-ring-gai Hospital Redevelopment - Stage 2 & 2A
NSW Government $300 million investment in new clinical services building, expanded Emergency Department, renal dialysis unit, chemotherapy unit, robotic pharmacy, and rooftop helipad. First public hospital in NSW with robotic pharmacy. Completed in 2022, Stage 2 includes new multi-storey clinical services building, expanded emergency department, new operating theatres, enhanced maternity services, and outpatient ambulatory care services.
M1 Pacific Motorway Northbound Capacity (Wahroonga To Mount Colah)
Addressing extreme congestion on M1 Pacific Motorway between North Connex portal and Mt Colah to improve traffic flow for over 90,000 daily vehicle movements.
Hornsby Park - from quarry to parklands
Transformation of the 60-hectare former Hornsby Quarry site into a major regional parkland. The project is being delivered in stages, with the Crusher Plant Precinct, Southern Lookout, and Heritage Steps opening in March 2026. Current works focus on the Old Mans Valley Field of Play, featuring a multi-purpose sporting field, bike pump and jump tracks, and new community facilities to support the growing population near the Hornsby Town Centre.
12,718 residents of Hornsby are employed, from a labour force of 13,642. Unemployment sits at 6.8%, with participation at 68.4%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 7.3% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Hornsby possesses a highly qualified workforce, with strong representation in the technology sector, a 6.8% unemployment rate, and a 4.3% estimated rise in employment over the last year, according to AreaSearch statistical area compilations. As of March 2026, there are 12,718 local residents employed, while the unemployment rate sits 2.6% higher than the Greater Sydney level of 4.1%, and the participation rate is very close to the Greater Sydney figure of 69.1%. Census records show that a high proportion of residents (46.8%) worked from home, though this may reflect the influence of Covid-19 restrictions.
The principal sectors employing local residents are health care & social assistance, professional & technical, and education & training. The area exhibits a strong concentration of workers in health care & social assistance, where the employment share is 1.3 times the regional average. Conversely, the construction sector is underrepresented, employing only 4.6% of Hornsby's workforce compared to 8.6% across Greater Sydney. Although local jobs are available, comparison of the Census working population against the local resident population indicates a significant portion of residents travel to other areas for work. AreaSearch analysis of SALM and ABS data aggregated from wider statistical divisions shows that employment rose by 4.3% over the 12-month period, while the labor force expanded by 1.5%, causing the unemployment rate to drop by 2.5 percentage points. In contrast, Greater Sydney experienced employment expansion of 1.9%, labor force growth of 1.9%, and a negligible drop in unemployment. Future local employment demand can be assessed using the national employment forecasts released by Jobs and Skills Australia in May-25. These five and ten-year forecasts have been applied to the local workforce distribution to project future growth. While national employment is projected to grow by 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over ten years, the rate of expansion varies greatly by industry. Applying these industry projections to the local employment mix suggests Hornsby's employment could grow by 7.3% over five years and 14.9% over ten years (note that this represents a basic weighted extrapolation for demonstration purposes and does not incorporate local population forecasts).
Frequently Asked Questions - Employment
Median household income in Hornsby is $1,952 a week (about $102,000 a year), with median personal income at $890 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $57,703 a year against an average of $74,248. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.
Detail
According to the latest postcode ATO statistics compiled by AreaSearch for the 2023 financial year, Hornsby has a median taxpayer income of $57,703 and an average of $74,248. These figures exceed the national average, though they are lower than the Greater Sydney median of $60,817 and average of $83,003. Applying the Wage Price Index increase of 10.32% since the 2023 financial year yields updated estimates of approximately $63,658 for the median and $81,910 for the average as of March 2026. Data from the 2021 Census places household, family, and personal incomes in Hornsby around the 63rd percentile nationally.
The local earnings profile indicates the largest group is the 34.2% of residents (8,067 people) in the $1,500 - 2,999 weekly bracket, reflecting wider metropolitan patterns where 30.9% fall into this category. High housing costs absorb 18.5% of income, yet strong local earnings keep disposable income at the 59th percentile, and the area's SEIFA income score falls in the 8th decile.
Frequently Asked Questions - Income
Hornsby had 8,664 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 35% detached houses and 59% apartments. 33% are owned with a mortgage, 44% rented and 24% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $440 a week and the median mortgage repayment $2,240 a month, a total housing cost higher than 85% of areas nationally. Rent absorbs 22.5% of household income here and mortgage repayments 26.5%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.
Detail
Based on the latest Census, the mix of dwellings in Hornsby consists of 35.3% houses and 64.7% other types of housing (such as duplexes, apartments, and alternative dwellings), compared to the Sydney metropolitan distribution of 55.9% houses and 44.1% other dwellings. The rate of home ownership in Hornsby is 23.5%, trailing the Sydney metropolitan average, with the remaining properties occupied by residents with a mortgage (32.5%) or renting (44.0%). The median monthly mortgage payment of $2,240 is lower than the Sydney metropolitan median of $2,427, and the median weekly rent of $440 is lower than the metropolitan median of $470.
On a national level, Hornsby's mortgage payments are notably higher than the Australian average of $1,863, and rents are also significantly above the national median of $375.
Frequently Asked Questions - Housing
Hornsby counted 8,664 households at the 2021 Census, an estimated 9,098 today, averaging 2.5 people each. 34% are couples with children, against 24% couples without children. 27% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.2 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Families make up 69.9% of all households, consisting of 34.1% couples with children, 24.0% couples without children, and 10.2% single parent households. Non-family households represent the remaining 30.1% of the total, with single person households accounting for 26.5% and group households making up 3.6%. The median household size of 2.5 people is smaller than the Greater Sydney average of 2.7.
Frequently Asked Questions - Households
50.2% of adults in Hornsby hold a university qualification, including 31.2% with a bachelor degree and 16.0% with postgraduate qualifications, higher than 98% of areas nationally. A further 12.5% hold a vocational qualification. 7 schools serve the area, with 5,157 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 1,130 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.
Detail
Levels of education in Hornsby are well above broader averages, with 50.2% of residents aged 15+ holding a university degree, compared to 30.4% in Australia and 32.2% in NSW. This high level of education positions the area well for knowledge-based employment. Bachelor degrees are the most common at 31.2%, followed by postgraduate qualifications (16.0%) and graduate diplomas (3.0%). Vocational credentials are held by 24.0% of the population aged 15+ – consisting of advanced diplomas (11.5%) and certificates (12.5%). Student numbers are high, with 30.3% of local residents enrolled in formal study.
This student body includes 9.2% in primary schools, 7.0% in tertiary institutions, and 6.4% in high schools.
Frequently Asked Questions - Education
Schools Detail
Public transport in Hornsby reaches 135 stops on 66 routes, timetabled for about 6,100 services a week. The typical home sits about 200 m from its nearest stop. Trains carry the largest share of public transport commuters. Households keep an average of 0.7 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Public transport analysis identifies 135 active transport stops in Hornsby, representing a combination of train stations and bus stops. These stops are serviced by 66 distinct routes, which provide 6,061 passenger trips every week. Transport access is classified as good, with residents living an average of 202 meters from the nearest stop. Because Hornsby is mainly a residential area, the majority of working residents travel outside the suburb, with cars remaining the main mode of transit at 59%, followed by trains at 24%, and walking at 10%. Average vehicle ownership stands at 0.7 per household, which is below the regional average.
A high proportion of residents work from home (46.8% in the 2021 Census, which may reflect pandemic-era conditions). Service frequency across all routes averages 865 trips daily, which translates to about 44 weekly trips per transport stop. The accompanying map displays the 100 closest stops to the center of the area.
Frequently Asked Questions - Transport
Transport Stops Detail
77.0% of residents in Hornsby report no long-term health condition, a healthier profile than 85% of areas nationally. 4.5% need daily assistance with core activities, and 56.3% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 4.5 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.
Detail
Health indicators show excellent outcomes across Hornsby, based on AreaSearch analysis of mortality statistics and chronic disease rates, which reveals a very low rate of common medical conditions across all age brackets. Private health insurance coverage is high, with approximately 56% of the population (~13,272 people) covered, compared to 59.9% across Greater Sydney. The most prevalent health conditions recorded locally were mental health challenges and asthma, which affect 6.6 and 5.9% of residents, respectively, while 77.0% of the population reported no medical conditions at all, compared to 74.6% across Greater Sydney.
The working-age population is exceptionally healthy with a low rate of chronic illness. Residents aged 65 and over make up 15.8% of the community (3,726 people). Health outcomes among this older cohort are strong, with national comparisons aligning with the broader population trends.
Frequently Asked Questions - Health
53.8% of Hornsby residents were born overseas and 52.8% speak a language other than English at home, more culturally diverse than 92% of areas nationally. The largest reported ancestries are Chinese (19.0%) and English (16.4%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Hornsby ranks among the most culturally diverse locations in the nation, with 52.8% of the population speaking a non-English language at home and 53.8% born outside Australia. Christianity is the primary religion, representing 39.0% of local residents. The most pronounced religious overrepresentation is Hinduism, which is practiced by 10.6% of the population, a share significantly higher than the Greater Sydney average of 5.2%. Looking at parent countries of birth, the three largest ancestry groups represented in Hornsby are Chinese, making up 19.0% of the population (compared to the regional average of 8.4%), Other at 17.6%, and English at 16.4%.
There are also notable differences in other ethnic backgrounds: Korean is highly represented at 3.1% of Hornsby (versus 1.1% regionally), Russian at 0.9% (versus 0.4%), and Filipino at 2.9% (versus 2.0%).
Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity
The median resident of Hornsby is 38. 27.6% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.
Detail
The median age of 38 years in Hornsby is close to the Greater Sydney median of 37 and matches the national median of 38. Compared to Greater Sydney, Hornsby has a larger share of residents aged 35 - 44 (16.9%) but a smaller proportion of people aged 15 - 24 (12.0%). Since the 2021 Census, the 15 to 24 age bracket has risen from 10.6% to 12.0% of the population, whereas the 0 to 4 group has decreased from 6.0% to 4.9%. By 2041, Hornsby is projected to undergo significant shifts in its age structure.
The 75 to 84 age cohort is expected to lead this demographic change, growing by 53% (634 people) to reach 1,837 from 1,202. The trend toward an aging population is clear, with individuals aged 65+ making up 61% of the projected growth. Conversely, population declines are forecast for the 25 to 34 and 5 to 14 age cohorts.
Frequently Asked Questions - Age
Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Hornsby
9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Aug 2026.
Everything is aggregated to the Suburb (SAL) boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.
The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section
| Section | Source & update cycle | Currency |
|---|---|---|
| Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections | ||
| Population | ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to May 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline. | ||
| Age profile | ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to May 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate. | ||
| Development & approvals | ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) | Jun 2026 2 months ago headline measures · May 2026 baseline |
| Property sales & rents | Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents | Aug 2026 this month all 21 measures |
| Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Aug 2026. | ||
| Infrastructure projects | Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily | May 2026 3 months ago all 12 projects tracked here |
| Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated May 2026. | ||
| Employment | ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) | Mar 2026 5 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census. | ||
| Education | ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) | Aug 2026 this month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Transport | ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release | Jul 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Services & amenities | Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous | Jul 2026 last month all 14 measures |
| Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections | ||
| Income | ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) | FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail. | ||
| Health | ABS, ATO Annual | 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current. | ||
| Housing | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures |
| Households | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures |
| Cultural diversity | ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures |
"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.
How the numbers are built
Population
The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 150 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for May 2026, not a 2021 count (22,462 at the 2021 Census → 23,588 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.
Age profile
Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to May 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".
Property sales
Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.
Rents
Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.
Development & infrastructure
Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.
Employment & income
Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.
Education, transport & amenities
School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.
Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.
Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.
Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (SAL11943). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.