Chart Color Schemes
This analysis uses Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, which can materially differ from Statistical Areas (SA2) even when sharing the same name.
SAL boundaries are defined by Australia Post and the Australian Bureau of Statistics to represent commonly-known suburb names used in postal addresses.
Statistical Areas (SA2) are designed for census data collection and may combine multiple suburbs or use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.
est. as @ -- *
2021 Census | -- people
The median house price in Skennars Head is $1.85m, with units at $1.19m. House values have moved 4.7% a year compounded over five years.
Curious about local property values? Filter the chart to assess the volume and appreciation (including resales) trends and regional comparisons, or scroll to the map below view this information at an individual property level.
Find a Recent Sale
Sales Detail
Skennars Head has an estimated 2,222 residents, up from 1,303 at the 2021 Census — a change of 919 people, or 70.5%. Growth has averaged 11.6% a year over five years, faster than 98% of areas nationally. 244 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. That puts 298 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.
Detail
Based on evaluation of ABS demographic updates for the wider region alongside newly confirmed addresses recorded by AreaSearch since the Census, the suburb of Skennars Head has an estimated residency of 2,222 people in May 2026. This indicates a growth of 919 individuals (70.5%) relative to the 2021 Census, which documented a population of 1,303 people. This trend is drawn from an estimated resident count of 2,217 determined by AreaSearch following analysis of the ABS June 2025 ERP release, combined with 244 validated new addresses added since the Census. Such a population size results in a density ratio of 297 persons per square kilometer, indicating low density with potential space for future construction.
The 70.5% population expansion of the suburb of Skennars Head since the 2021 census outpaced the SA4 region (3.7%) and the Rest of NSW, establishing it as a primary growth pocket. Demographic gains were largely propelled by net overseas migration, which accounted for approximately 39.0% of total population increases recently, though natural growth and interstate relocations also registered positive gains. Projections from ABS and Geoscience Australia, issued in 2024 with a 2022 baseline, are utilised for each SA2 region, supplemented by NSW State Government SA2 projections from 2022 with a 2021 baseline where gaps exist. Age group growth variables from these sources are extended to project cohorts from 2032 to 2041. Future demographic shifts indicate significant gains for top-performing regional zones nationwide, with the suburb of Skennars Head projected to grow by 899 residents by 2041 under aggregated SA2 models, representing an overall expansion of 40.2% over the 16 years.
Frequently Asked Questions - Population
253 new dwellings have been approved in Skennars Head over the past five years, an average of 50 a year. That places the area in the 93rd percentile for residential development activity nationally, about 23 approvals per 1,000 residents a year. Of the 49 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 59% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Approvals are currently running at an annualised 29, well below that longer-run average. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this Suburb (SAL) boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.
Detail
Analysis of ABS building approvals allocated to local boundaries shows that the suburb of Skennars Head averages approximately 50 approved residential dwellings annually, with a total of 253 homes authorized over the last 5 financial years. Thus far in FY-26, there have been 27 residential permits recorded. Given that 3.7 individuals moved to the area per finished dwelling over the 5 financial years spanning FY-21 to FY-25, demand remains ahead of new supply, typically escalating buyer competition and prices, while new builds average a cost of $744,000, indicating that development is oriented toward high-end residential options.
Furthermore, commercial approvals reached $1.7 million during this financial year, reinforcing the residential focus of the area. Compared to the Rest of NSW, building activity per resident in the suburb of Skennars Head is 466.0% higher, offering prospective buyers diverse options despite a recent slowdown in construction volumes. This building rate is notably elevated relative to national averages, showcasing strong developer interest. Recent approvals consist of 59.0% detached houses and 41.0% multi-dwelling townhouses or apartments, delivering a broader range of options across different price points, from family residences to smaller, more affordable dwellings. This marks a departure from the historical mix where houses represent 89.0% of dwellings, reflecting fewer available building sites and responding to new demographic preferences and budget constraints. The suburb of Skennars Head records roughly 44 residents for each approved home building permit, reflecting a growing local market. Long-term outlooks indicate the suburb of Skennars Head will add 894 new residents by 2041, measured from the latest quarterly figures. Current construction paces suggest that incoming housing additions will adequately accommodate demand, sustaining favourable buying environments and potentially enabling expansion exceeding standard forecasts.
Frequently Asked Questions - Development
Development applications around Skennars Head
Loading development applications…
| Lodged | Address | Description | Type | Distance | Status |
|---|
SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.
AreaSearch tracks 2 current infrastructure and development projects inside Skennars Head, worth an estimated $15 million. A further 85 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $3 billion. 19 are already under construction and 28 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, communities, precincts & urban renewal and transport & logistics. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.
Detail
Local infrastructure projects, major developments, and council planning policies are significant drivers of regional performance. A total of 3 major projects have been identified that could influence the local area, including Aureus Village Centre - Skennars Head, Aureus Townhomes, Lennox Rise Estate, and the Ballina Airport Boulevard & Southern Cross Industrial Estate Expansion.
Professional plan users can use the search below to filter and access additional projects.
INFRASTRUCTURE SEARCH
Denotes AI-based impression for illustrative purposes only, not to be taken as definitive under any circumstances. Please follow links and conduct other investigations from the project's source for actual imagery. Developers and project owners wishing us to use original imagery please Contact Us and we will do so.
Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure
Aureus Village Centre - Skennars Head
Two lot Torrens Title subdivision to create 1 x 6,402m2 Lot (Proposed Lot 1) and 1 x 6,649m2 Lot (Proposed Lot 2). Construction of a mixed use development (Commercial/Residential) on Proposed Lot 1 comprising 3 retail premises, 5 food and drink premises and 17 shop top housing dwellings, and associated car parking, landscaping and infrastructure works, and subsequent Stratum subdivision and Strata Title subdivision.
Aureus Townhomes
A $21.5-million residential development by Intrapac Property involving demolition of a sales office and construction of a two-storey multi-dwelling housing development comprising 25 dwellings (13 three-bedroom and 12 four-bedroom townhouses), each with double garages, ocean views, passive cooling features, associated earthworks, retaining walls, landscaping, and infrastructure works. Part of the broader Aureus Estate master-planned community at Skennars Head.
GemLife Lennox Head Resort
A secure, gated, pet-friendly over-50s lifestyle resort offering luxurious modern homes and premium country club facilities in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, close to beaches and shopping.
Lennox Rise Estate
A masterplanned hilltop land estate in Lennox Head offering premium, levelled and retained homesites across 41.16 hectares, with elevated district and ocean-breeze outlooks. The 189-lot community is being delivered by Lateral Properties across multiple stages, with a central activity park, playground and a southern leisure park featuring established pine trees. Lots are zoned R3 Medium Density with duplex potential (STCA). Most stages are sold out, with only a small number of lots remaining in the final release, priced from approximately $825,555 to $915,000.
Crest Estate
A 116-lot residential subdivision on approximately 14.82 hectares at Reservoir Hill, Lennox Head. Approved by Ballina Shire Council under DA 2018/51 (99 lots) and DA 2020/284 (a further 19 lots), the estate captures elevated coastal, hinterland and district views close to Lennox Village and North Creek Reserve. Development was delayed by council assessment processes and ecological constraints, including nearby endangered rainforest and freshwater wetland, but civil works and staged land releases have since progressed, with lots from 454 to 697 square metres continuing to be released and sold.
Mixed-Use Development at 21 Aureus Boulevard, Skennars Head
Two-lot subdivision for a mixed-use development, including 3 retail premises, 5 food and drink premises, and 17 shop-top housing dwellings, with associated parking, landscaping, and infrastructure.
Habitat Way Townhouses
DA-approved subdivision of a 6,606m2 block into 6 Torrens-title lots, with concept plans for 19 three-bedroom townhouses in a residential precinct.
New Ballina SES Headquarters
A purpose-built NSW State Emergency Service (SES) Ballina Unit headquarters and Emergency Operations Centre. The $6.3 million facility replaces an outdated building with a six-bay vehicle shed, modern incident control area, training rooms, and administration offices. The project also features carparking, lighting upgrades, and significant landscaping including 80 new trees. Construction is being jointly funded by Ballina Shire Council and the NSW Government to enhance regional flood and disaster response capabilities.
1,286 residents of Skennars Head are employed, from a labour force of 1,302. Unemployment sits at 1.2%, with participation at 70.2%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.9% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth, so in an area growing as fast as this one it understates the likely rise in local jobs. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
A highly qualified labor force characterizes the suburb of Skennars Head, which shows strong representation in key service industries, an unemployment rate of only 1.2%, and an estimated job growth of 11.5% over the past year. As of March 2026, there are 1,286 employed residents, with local unemployment sitting 2.9% lower than the Regional NSW benchmark of 4.1%, while workforce participation is elevated at 70.2% compared to the regional figure of 60.6%. Census files show a moderate 21.3% of workers carried out duties from home, though this may reflect temporary pandemic restrictions.
Resident employment is primarily found in healthcare & social assistance, education & training, and construction. Educational services employment stands out, registering at 1.4 times the regional average, while agriculture, forestry & fishing accounts for only 1.4% of the local workforce, compared to 5.3% across Regional NSW. Although some residents find employment locally, a significant proportion commute outside the area, based on comparisons between the Census working population and local residents. Based on local projections from SALM and ABS sources, the 12 months ending March 2026 saw employment expand by 11.5% and the labor force grow by 11.9%, leading to a minor unemployment increase of 0.4 percentage points. Conversely, Regional NSW saw employment contract by 0.9% and the labor force shrink by 0.4%, with unemployment rising by 0.5 percentage points. Projections from Jobs and Skills Australia issued in May-25 offer additional perspectives on employment outlooks for the suburb of Skennars Head. When these five-year and ten-year national growth expectations are adjusted for local industry structures, employment is projected to expand by 6.9% over five years and 14.2% over ten years, representing a basic weighted calculation based on industry mix without adjusting for specific local population growth models.
Frequently Asked Questions - Employment
Median household income in Skennars Head is $1,674 a week (about $87,000 a year), with median personal income at $794 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $39,605 a year against an average of $53,306. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.
Detail
ATO records for the 2023 financial year show that the suburb of Skennars Head has an income profile below the national average, recording a median income of $39,605 and an average of $53,306. These figures compare to a median of $52,390 and an average of $65,215 across Regional NSW. Factoring in Wage Price Index growth of 10.32% since the 2023 financial year, current estimates would stand at approximately $43,692 for median income and $58,807 for average income as of March 2026. According to Census records, family, household, and individual earnings fall in the moderate range, ranking between the 45th and 48th percentiles.
About 28.6% of the population (635 individuals) earn within the $1,500 - 2,999 range, which is similar to the regional average of 29.9%. Following housing costs, 85.1% of household earnings remain available for other needs, and the local SEIFA index ranks in the 7th decile.
Frequently Asked Questions - Income
Skennars Head had 508 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 89% detached houses and 1% apartments. 31% are owned with a mortgage, 16% rented and 54% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $550 a week and the median mortgage repayment $2,297 a month. Rent absorbs 32.9% of household income here and mortgage repayments 31.7%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.
Detail
At the time of the last Census, residential housing in the suburb of Skennars Head consisted of 88.7% detached homes and 11.3% other formats including townhouses and apartments, compared to Regional NSW where detached houses represent 82.6% and other formats represent 17.4%. Home ownership is high, with 53.6% of homes owned outright, while the remaining properties are either being purchased under a mortgage (31.0%) or rented (15.5%). Typical monthly mortgage payments were higher than regional norms at $2,297, while typical weekly rent was $550, compared to $1,733 and $330 in Regional NSW.
Nationally, local mortgage obligations exceed the Australian median of $1,863, and weekly rents sit above the national average of $375.
Frequently Asked Questions - Housing
Skennars Head counted 508 households at the 2021 Census, an estimated 866 today, averaging 2.5 people each. 29% are couples with children, against 35% couples without children. 25% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.9 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Family households represent 73.2% of the local dwelling structure, consisting of couples with children at 28.5%, couples without children at 34.9%, and single-parent homes at 8.9%. Non-family households account for 26.8% of the total, with lone person households representing 25.4% and group living situations representing 1.7%. The typical household size is 2.5 people, which is slightly larger than the Regional NSW average of 2.4.
Frequently Asked Questions - Households
30.9% of adults in Skennars Head hold a university qualification, including 21.3% with a bachelor degree and 6.4% with postgraduate qualifications, higher than 85% of areas nationally. A further 25.0% hold a vocational qualification. 2 schools serve the area, with 1,281 enrolment places and an average ICSEA of 1,095 against a national benchmark of 1,000. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census; school enrolments, ICSEA and results come from ACARA's current release.
Detail
Higher education qualifications are prominent in the suburb of Skennars Head, where university degrees are held by 30.9% of residents aged 15+, exceeding the Rest of NSW average of 21.3% and the SA4 regional average of 24.3%. Bachelor degrees are the most common higher qualification at 21.3%, followed by postgraduate degrees at 6.4% and graduate diplomas at 3.2%. Vocational and technical qualifications are also common, with 37.8% of residents aged 15 or older holding credentials, including 12.8% with advanced diplomas and 25.0% with certificates. A significant portion of the population is engaged in study, with 27.2% of residents enrolled in an educational institution.
This comprises 10.5% in primary schooling, 8.6% in secondary education, and 2.9% enrolled in tertiary programs.
Frequently Asked Questions - Education
Schools Detail
Public transport in Skennars Head reaches 20 stops on 34 routes, timetabled for about 270 services a week. The typical home sits about 140 m from its nearest stop. Households keep an average of 1.5 vehicles. Stop and service counts are built from operators' published GTFS timetables and refresh with each timetable release; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Public transport options include 20 active transit stops in the suburb of Skennars Head, consisting of bus services. These stops connect to 34 distinct routes, delivering 273 passenger services each week. Access is convenient, with residents living an average of 139 meters from their nearest stop. Commuters mostly travel outside the suburb for employment, with private vehicles remaining the primary mode of travel at 96%. Households average 1.5 vehicles, while 21.3% of residents work from home based on 2021 Census records which may reflect pandemic restrictions. Services average 39 weekly runs across the route network, which represents about 13 departures per week from each transit stop.
Frequently Asked Questions - Transport
Transport Stops Detail
69.1% of residents in Skennars Head report no long-term health condition, a healthier profile than 80% of areas nationally. 4.5% need daily assistance with core activities, and 48.1% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 3.3 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.
Detail
Health indicators show favorable outcomes in the suburb of Skennars Head, with low rates of chronic diseases and overall mortality across all age cohorts. Private health insurance coverage is held by approximately 48% of the population (about 1,068 people), compared to a coverage rate of 51.9% across Regional NSW and a national average of 55.7%. Arthritis and asthma are the most common diagnosed conditions, affecting 9.5% and 6.8% of local residents, respectively, while 69.1% of the population reported no chronic conditions, compared to 63.3% in Regional NSW. Health status for the working-age cohort matches broader averages.
The suburb of Skennars Head has 23.4% of its population aged 65 and older (519 people), and health outcomes for this senior cohort are favorable, with national standings matching the broader population.
Frequently Asked Questions - Health
Skennars Head is largely Australian-born, at 87.8% of residents, with 3.8% speaking a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are English (30.7%) and Australian (28.0%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Cultural diversity measures are lower than average, with 87.8% of the population born within Australia, 93.1% holding citizenship, and 96.2% using only English at home. Christianity is the primary religion, representing 57.5% of the local population, compared to 55.9% across Regional NSW. The primary ancestral backgrounds in the suburb of Skennars Head are English at 30.7%, Australian at 28.0%, and Irish at 13.4%. Some ancestral backgrounds show higher representation than regional averages, with French heritage at 1.1% (compared to 0.4% regionally), Scottish heritage at 9.7% (compared to 8.0%), and Sri Lankan heritage at 0.4% (compared to 0.1%).
Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity
The median resident of Skennars Head is 47, older than 85% of areas nationally. 16.8% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.
Detail
The median age in the suburb of Skennars Head is 47 years, which is older than the Regional NSW median of 43 years and the national median of 38 years. Residents aged 45 to 54 represent a significant portion of the population at 14.9%, while those aged 25 to 34 represent a smaller portion at 6.5% compared to regional trends. Since 2021, the 35 to 44 age cohort has increased from 12.4% to 14.1%, while the 5 to 14 cohort decreased from 14.2% to 12.6%. By 2041, demographic changes will see the 45 to 54 cohort increase by 50% (166 people), growing from 331 to 498.
Frequently Asked Questions - Age
Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Skennars Head
9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Aug 2026.
Everything is aggregated to the Suburb (SAL) boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.
The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section
| Section | Source & update cycle | Currency |
|---|---|---|
| Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections | ||
| Population | ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to May 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline. | ||
| Age profile | ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual | May 2026 3 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to May 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate. | ||
| Development & approvals | ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) | Jun 2026 2 months ago headline measures · May 2026 baseline |
| Property sales & rents | Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents | Aug 2026 this month all 21 measures |
| Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Aug 2026. | ||
| Infrastructure projects | Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily | Aug 2025 about a year ago all 2 projects tracked here |
| Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Aug 2025. | ||
| Employment | ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) | Mar 2026 5 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census. | ||
| Education | ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) | Aug 2026 this month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Transport | ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release | Jul 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Services & amenities | Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous | Jul 2026 last month all 14 measures |
| Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections | ||
| Income | ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) | FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail. | ||
| Health | ABS, ATO Annual | 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current. | ||
| Housing | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures |
| Households | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures |
| Cultural diversity | ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures |
"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.
How the numbers are built
Population
The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 244 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for May 2026, not a 2021 count (1,303 at the 2021 Census → 2,222 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.
Age profile
Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to May 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".
Property sales
Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.
Rents
Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.
Development & infrastructure
Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.
Employment & income
Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.
Education, transport & amenities
School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.
Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.
Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.
Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (SAL13569). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.