Chart Color Schemes
This analysis uses Suburbs and Localities (SAL) boundaries, which can materially differ from Statistical Areas (SA2) even when sharing the same name.
SAL boundaries are defined by Australia Post and the Australian Bureau of Statistics to represent commonly-known suburb names used in postal addresses.
Statistical Areas (SA2) are designed for census data collection and may combine multiple suburbs or use different geographic boundaries. For comprehensive analysis, consider reviewing both boundary types if available.
est. as @ -- *
2021 Census | -- people
Curious about local property values? Filter the chart to assess the volume and appreciation (including resales) trends and regional comparisons, or scroll to the map below view this information at an individual property level.
Find a Recent Sale
Sales Detail
Legana has an estimated 5,191 residents, up from 4,719 at the 2021 Census — a change of 472 people, or 10.0%. Growth has averaged 1.7% a year over five years. 232 new addresses have been validated here since Census night. Interstate and internal migration accounts for 73.0% of that increase. That puts 160 residents on each square kilometre. Population is estimated from ABS Estimated Resident Population releases and GNAF address data, re-based from the 2021 Census and updated annually.
Detail
In the suburb of Legana, population levels have reached an estimated 5,191 as of Aug 2026, according to AreaSearch evaluations combining broader ABS demographic releases and validated post-Census address additions. This represents a gain of 472 people (10.0%) from the 4,719 people recorded at the 2021 Census. Underlying this projection is an estimated resident count of 5,072 determined from the ABS ERP release from June 2025 alongside 232 validated new addresses recognized post-Census. With a density of 159 persons per square kilometer, the locality offers ample physical space along with capacity to accommodate extra residential building.
The 10.0% increase recorded in the suburb of Legana since the 2021 census outpaced the broader SA3 area (2.8%) as well as state figures, establishing the suburb as a primary growth corridor. Interstate migration served as the foremost component of local expansion, generating roughly 73.0% of total arrivals in recent times, though natural growth and overseas arrivals also registered positive additions. Population forecasting in the suburb of Legana relies on 2024 ABS/Geoscience Australia models pegged to a 2022 baseline for each SA2. For uncovered locations and age-specific distributions beyond 2032, models incorporate the 2022 Tasmanian State Government Regional/LGA projections (using 2021 as a base year), converting LGA figures to the SA2 level through weighted population distribution methods. Looking ahead, future population gains are projected to sit slightly under the nationwide non-metropolitan median, with aggregated SA2 figures pointing to an addition of 585 persons by 2041, representing a cumulative 9.0% rise across the 16 years.
Frequently Asked Questions - Population
252 new dwellings have been approved in Legana over the past five years, an average of 50 a year. That places the area in the 73rd percentile for residential development activity nationally, about 10 approvals per 1,000 residents a year. Of the 43 dwellings approved in the latest reporting year, 100% were detached houses and the rest townhouses or apartments. Approvals are currently running at an annualised 69, running ahead of that longer-run average. Figures come from ABS building approvals aggregated to this Suburb (SAL) boundary and are updated monthly as the ABS releases them.
Detail
Statistical building permit figures compiled by AreaSearch indicate that Legana averages approximately 50 residential approvals per year, accumulating an estimated 252 homes across the preceding 5 financial years. During FY-25 to date, 69 permits have been logged. Over the 5 financial years spanning FY-21 to FY-25, an average intake of 1.9 new residents per approved dwelling pointed toward stable, well-aligned market conditions, with recent metrics moderating to 0.7 people per dwelling across the last 2 financial years to reflect an even tighter alignment between construction and demand. New builds carry an average projected construction cost of $447,000, moderately higher than regional benchmarks and indicative of quality residential development.
Meanwhile, commercial construction activity has remained subdued, with approvals totaling $6.6 million over the current financial year. On a per-capita comparison, residential building approvals in Legana sit 118.0% above the level observed across Rest of Tas., offering home purchasers a broad selection of incoming properties. Entirely consisting of standalone houses, recent construction activity has preserved the neighborhood's low-density profile and continues to appeal to buyers looking for spacious properties. Recording roughly 98 people per approval, the locality exhibits the characteristics of an active residential growth market. Based on the most recent AreaSearch quarterly release, Legana is anticipated to expand by 466 residents through to 2041. Sustained building volumes should ensure residential supply keeps pace with incoming demand, creating an advantageous environment for buyers while potentially facilitating building activity above baseline projections.
Frequently Asked Questions - Development
Development applications around Legana
Loading development applications…
| Lodged | Address | Description | Type | Distance | Status |
|---|
SOURCE: Planning portals and council registers, compiled by AreaSearch. Distance & bearing measured from the suburb midpoint.
AreaSearch tracks 9 current infrastructure and development projects inside Legana, worth an estimated $180 million. A further 44 sit in the immediately surrounding suburbs, taking the tracked pipeline within reach of the area to $2.59 billion. 12 are already under construction and 17 are due for completion within three years. The pipeline spans residential development, sports & recreation and environmental & disaster management. Records are compiled from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, council planning portals and public announcements, reviewed and updated daily, then ranked by proximity, construction stage, completion horizon and project scale.
Detail
Strategic infrastructure investment, civic projects, and local planning frameworks play a fundamental role in shaping community growth. A total of 10 significant projects have been monitored by AreaSearch for their anticipated local influence. Major works include the Legana Grove Estate, Legana Ambulance Station, Legana Indoor Basketball Facility, and Legana Town Centre Commercial Development, with prominent developments detailed below.
Professional plan users can use the search below to filter and access additional projects.
INFRASTRUCTURE SEARCH
Denotes AI-based impression for illustrative purposes only, not to be taken as definitive under any circumstances. Please follow links and conduct other investigations from the project's source for actual imagery. Developers and project owners wishing us to use original imagery please Contact Us and we will do so.
Frequently Asked Questions - Infrastructure
Legana Community, Sports and Recreation Precinct
The Legana Community, Sports and Recreation Precinct Master Plan features an indoor multi-purpose facility, new clubrooms, and community spaces. Stage 1, slated to begin in the 2026/27 financial year, focuses on delivering the indoor multi-purpose courts to address a regional shortage. The project has secured $5 million in Federal funding and a $5 million commitment from the West Tamar Council.
Legana Ambulance Station
A new purpose-built ambulance station at Lot 23 Legana Park Drive within the Innova Business Park precinct, part of the Tasmanian Government's 2030 Strong Plan commitment to deliver 16 new or upgraded ambulance stations statewide. The facility will house all of Ambulance Tasmania's operational requirements with capacity for future service expansion, and will reduce emergency response times for Legana and surrounding northern Tasmanian communities. Public consultation was expected in June 2025, with construction scheduled to begin in early 2026 and complete later that year.
West Tamar Highway Duplication - Freshwater Point Road to Acropolis Drive
Duplication of approximately two kilometres of the West Tamar Highway between Freshwater Point Road and Acropolis Drive in Legana, expanding the road from one lane to two lanes in each direction. Works include intersection upgrades at Freshwater Point Road and Acropolis Drive, a new dual-lane roundabout at Bridgenorth Road, pedestrian crossings, and shared paths for cyclists and pedestrians. The project is jointly funded by the Australian and Tasmanian governments as part of the Northern Roads Package and aims to reduce congestion, improve safety, and support population growth in Northern Tasmania's fastest-growing suburb.Construction began in early 2024. The southbound lanes and Freshwater Point Road roundabout stage was expected operational by late December 2025, with the full project now anticipated to wrap up in the first half of 2026.
Legana Grove Estate
Legana Grove Estate is a prestigious master-planned land subdivision in Legana, one of Northern Tasmania's fastest-growing regions. The estate is now releasing Stage 24 along Brigalow Street, following on from the completed Stage 22 and Stage 23 releases, with the project total exceeding 143 residential lots. It is positioned as the closest new land estate to the Legana shopping centre, within 400m of the Woolworths-anchored precinct. Unit and townhouse development is deliberately controlled and kept to a minimum to protect estate values.The site is less than 2km from the new Legana Primary School, which began operations in 2025. Blocks are available vacant or as fixed-price house and land packages with no hidden costs.
Legana Town Centre Commercial Development
Commercial infill and pad-site development in the Legana town centre, adjacent to the Woolworths-anchored Legana Shopping Centre. Recent completions include a flagship Pets Domain store at 1 Legana Grove (2024) with additional retail tenancies delivered/leased around Tatana Way. Works align with West Tamar Council's Legana Town Centre structure planning and the completed Legana Main Street connection, supporting the area's growth.
5 Thorne Avenue, Legana - Multiple Dwellings
Development application for the construction of two new dwellings.
Fermoy Estate
Fermoy Estate is a residential land subdivision in Legana, offering 38 prime residential lots and house and land packages. The estate is located close to the Legana Shopping Centre and the new Legana Primary School.
Legana Primary School
A new Tasmanian Government primary school in Legana delivering contemporary learning spaces for around 350 students, with undercover sports court, full-sized oval, makers space, state-of-the-art library and an onsite oral health clinic. Construction finished in late 2024 and the school opened to students in Term 1, 2025.
2,636 residents of Legana are employed, from a labour force of 2,669. Unemployment sits at 1.3%, with participation at 64.0%. Weighted for its industry mix, the area's sectors are forecast to grow about 6.5% nationally over five years. That reflects industry composition only and makes no allowance for local population growth. The working-day population is estimated at 4,435, about 85% of the resident population, so more people leave the area for work than travel in. Unemployment and labour force come from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, updated quarterly; the industry and occupation profile is from the 2021 Census.
Detail
A robust local labour market characterizes Legana, marked by substantial representation in essential services and an unemployment rate standing at only 1.3%, based on statistical aggregations from AreaSearch. By March 2026, employed residents reached 2,636, with unemployment tracking 2.7% lower than the 3.9% recorded across Regional Tas., while the participation rate of 64.0% clearly exceeded the regional mark of 58.7%. Census records show that a modest 7.2% of workers performed their duties from home, a metric subject to the broader context of Covid-19 restrictions. The resident workforce is concentrated most heavily in health care & social assistance, construction, alongside education & training.
In contrast, agriculture, forestry & fishing accounts for only 2.0% of local jobs compared to 8.4% across the wider region. Comparing the Census count of local workers against the resident base demonstrates that the area contains a relatively modest pool of jobs within its own boundaries. Examining SALM and ABS figures aggregated across wider statistical areas reveals that in the year to March 2026, the local workforce contracted by 1.5% alongside a 1.2% reduction in employment, translating to a 0.3 percentage point drop in the jobless rate. This diverged from Regional Tas., where the workforce expanded by 1.7%, jobs grew by 1.8%, and unemployment saw a minor reduction. Future workforce requirements can be assessed using national occupational forecasts from Jobs and Skills Australia as of Mar-26. Mapping these multi-year industry trajectories to local employment compositions provides indicative five- and ten-year projections. Against projected nationwide gains of 6.6% over five years and 13.7% over a decade, applying sector-by-sector weights to Legana's workforce indicates prospective local employment growth of 6.5% over five years and 13.7% over ten years (representing a direct baseline weighting model that excludes distinct local population adjustments).
Frequently Asked Questions - Employment
Median household income in Legana is $1,643 a week (about $85,000 a year), with median personal income at $773 a week. ATO records put median taxable income at $52,131 a year against an average of $62,070. Household income is from the 2021 Census; taxable income is from ATO Taxation Statistics for the latest financial year available, indexed forward using the ABS Wage Price Index.
Detail
Taxation records compiled by AreaSearch for financial year 2023 place personal earnings in the suburb of Legana below the Australian benchmark. Within the suburb of Legana, taxable individuals recorded a median income of $52,131 and an average income of $62,070, exceeding the respective Regional Tas. benchmarks of $49,689 and $59,358. Accounting for a 10.95% rise in the Wage Price Index since financial year 2023, updated figures for March 2026 are modeled at approximately $57,839 for the median and $68,867 for the average. Across broader Census measures, personal, household, and family earnings sit modestly between the 43rd and 44th percentiles.
The primary income bracket is $1,500 - 2,999, capturing 35.4% of residents (1,837 people), which aligns with the 28.5% regional distribution in that tier. Residential shelter costs leave 87.5% of income retained, while net disposable income registers in the 48th percentile and local SEIFA socioeconomic status sits within the 5th decile.
Frequently Asked Questions - Income
Legana had 1,738 occupied dwellings at the 2021 Census, 96% detached houses and 1% apartments. 43% are owned with a mortgage, 16% rented and 41% owned outright. At that Census the median rent was $350 a week and the median mortgage repayment $1,517 a month. Rent absorbs 21.3% of household income here and mortgage repayments 21.3%. Dwelling stock, tenure and housing costs are 2021 Census measures — the only source that counts dwellings at this boundary size.
Detail
According to the most recent Census, the local housing landscape in Legana was composed of 96.1% houses and 3.9% other dwellings (apartments, attached homes, and other dwelling forms), contrasting with 89.9% houses and 10.1% other dwellings across Regional Tas.. Outright homeownership aligned with the regional standard at 41.4%, while mortgaged properties accounted for 42.9% and tenanted homes represented 15.7%. Median monthly mortgage commitments were substantially elevated relative to Regional Tas. at $1,517 (compared to $1,274), with median weekly rents standing at $350 against $250 regionally. When benchmarked against Australian averages, mortgage repayments in Legana remain well below the national mark of $1,863, and weekly rents sit below the nationwide figure of $375.
Frequently Asked Questions - Housing
Legana counted 1,738 households at the 2021 Census, an estimated 1,912 today, averaging 2.6 people each. 34% are couples with children, against 33% couples without children. 21% of households are people living alone, and families average 1.8 children. Household and family composition is measured only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Families constitute the clear majority of local living arrangements, accounting for 76.4% of all households, subdivided into couples with children (33.5%), couples without children (33.1%), and single parent families (9.1%). The balance of 23.6% consists of non-family households, including single-person dwellings at 21.2% and group shared arrangements at 2.3%. With an average of 2.6 people per home, the median household size is higher than the Regional Tas. benchmark of 2.3.
Frequently Asked Questions - Households
22.2% of adults in Legana hold a university qualification, including 14.3% with a bachelor degree and 5.1% with postgraduate qualifications, higher than 91% of areas nationally. A further 30.4% hold a vocational qualification. Qualifications come from the 2021 Census.
Detail
Tertiary qualification levels in Legana remain below the national standard, with 22.2% of individuals aged 15+ holding a higher education degree compared to 30.4% in Australia, highlighting opportunities for further educational attainment. Holders of bachelor degrees make up 14.3% of the community, while postgraduate credentials account for 5.1% and graduate diplomas represent 2.8%. Vocational and technical education is well represented, with 41.0% of residents aged 15+ possessing vocational credentials, including 10.6% holding advanced diplomas and 30.4% holding certificates. Participation in study is prominent throughout the community, with 28.5% of residents actively undertaking formal education.
Breaking down this cohort, 10.9% attend primary education, 8.2% are enrolled in secondary education, and 3.8% are engaged in tertiary education.
Frequently Asked Questions - Education
Schools Detail
Getting around Legana means driving: households keep an average of 1.8 vehicles, and no scheduled public transport appears in the current timetable feeds. Service data is built from operators' published GTFS timetables; vehicle ownership is from the 2021 Census.
Frequently Asked Questions - Transport
Transport Stops Detail
65.6% of residents in Legana report no long-term health condition. 5.3% need daily assistance with core activities, and 51.8% hold private health cover. The standardised death rate runs at 5.7 per 1,000 residents. Health conditions, assistance needs and insurance are 2021 Census measures; the death rate comes from current ABS releases.
Detail
Evaluations of disease incidence and mortality trends by AreaSearch point to below-average overall health metrics in Legana, with routine health conditions presenting at slightly elevated rates across both younger and older demographics. Private health insurance uptake stands relatively low, covering approximately 52% of the total population (~2,687 people), compared to 49.1% across Regional Tas.. Arthritis and mental health conditions constitute the two most widespread diagnoses in the locality, affecting 10.3 and 9.2% of residents respectively, while 65.6% of people reported being completely unaffected by long-term health conditions compared to 62.0% across Regional Tas..
Chronic health issues are elevated among working-age individuals. Residents aged 65 and over comprise 21.3% of the population (1,105 people), below the 25.1% share recorded in Regional Tas., with elderly residents demonstrating above-average wellbeing and national health standings that surpass the wider community.
Frequently Asked Questions - Health
Legana is largely Australian-born, at 84.7% of residents, with 5.5% speaking a language other than English at home. The largest reported ancestries are English (34.0%) and Australian (33.4%). Ancestry, language and country of birth are counted only by the Census, so these are 2021 figures.
Detail
Measures of cultural diversity in Legana sit below nationwide averages, with 84.7% of residents born in Australia, 93.2% holding Australian citizenship, and 94.5% speaking exclusively English within the household. Christianity is the predominant religious affiliation, claimed by 46.9% of the local population. The most prominent comparative overrepresentation occurs in Hinduism, which accounts for 1.2% of residents relative to 1.1% across Regional Tas.. Reflecting parental countries of birth, the primary ancestry groups in Legana are English (34.0%), Australian (33.4%), and Irish (6.9%). Specific demographic divergences also appear among other cultural backgrounds, with Dutch ancestry notably elevated at 3.9% in Legana (against 1.7% regionally), South Australian ancestry at 0.5% (compared to 0.2%), and Korean ancestry at 0.3% (against 0.1%).
Frequently Asked Questions - Diversity
The median resident of Legana is 40. That is 1 year younger than at the 2021 Census. 24.3% of residents are aged 15 to 34. Age cohorts are not raw Census counts: the Census split is re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections.
Detail
The age distribution in Legana is noticeably younger than the overall profile for Regional Tas.. Children and young people aged 0 - 24 represent 30.4% of residents as at August 2026, compared to 26.3% across Regional Tas., while older residents and retirees aged 65+ make up 21.3% against a regional level of 25.1%. The estimated median age in the suburb is 40 as at August 2026, down from 41 at the 2021 Census and sitting 5 years younger than the Regional Tas. median of 45 at that same Census. The most pronounced shift across age bands since the Census occurred among the 45 - 64 cohort, which decreased from 25.6% to an estimated 23.1%.
Long-term forecasts to 2041 project that middle-aged adults and early retirees will drive population expansion, growing by 208 residents (17%) to reach 1,407, while the young to middle-aged adult demographic is expected to decline.
Frequently Asked Questions - Age
Data & MethodBoundaries, Sources & Method for Legana
9 of 14 data sections on this page were updated within the last 12 months — the newest current to Sep 2026.
Everything is aggregated to the Suburb (SAL) boundary shown above, on a 2021 Census baseline. Only 3 sections — housing, households and cultural diversity — still wait on the 2026 Census.
The ledger — source, cycle and currency by section
| Section | Source & update cycle | Currency |
|---|---|---|
| Updated within the last 12 months 9 sections | ||
| Population | ABS, GNAF, Geoscience Australia Annual (ABS ERP) | Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release) and updated with new dwellings from GNAF address data. Current to Aug 2026, with the 2021 Census supplying the small-area baseline. | ||
| Age profile | ABS, Geoscience Australia, State governments Annual | Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Age cohorts are re-based to the latest ABS population estimates and state projections, current to Aug 2026. Each cohort is held as a Census baseline and a current estimate. | ||
| Development & approvals | ABS, GNAF Monthly (ABS approvals) | Aug 2026 last month headline measures · Jul 2026 baseline |
| Property sales & rents | Valuer General, Rental Board, ABS Weekly sales, quarterly rents | Sep 2026 this month all 21 measures |
| Sales from the state Valuer General register, refreshed weekly, and rents from quarterly rental bond lodgements. Both are read live each time this page loads, current to Sep 2026. | ||
| Infrastructure projects | Infrastructure Australia, State agencies, Local governments Daily | Aug 2026 last month all 9 projects tracked here |
| Project pipeline maintained continuously from Infrastructure Australia, state agencies, local government and public announcements. Records are added and revised daily; this area was last updated Aug 2026. | ||
| Employment | ABS, DEWR, JSA Quarterly (ABS SALM) | Mar 2026 6 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Unemployment and labour force from ABS Small Area Labour Markets, current to Mar 2026. The growth outlook applies Department of Employment (now Jobs and Skills Australia) forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to the local industry mix, so it measures sector composition rather than local expansion and makes no allowance for population growth. Job demand comes from the same agency via its Internet Vacancy Index; industry and occupation structure from the 2021 Census. | ||
| Education | ABS, ACARA Annual (ACARA) | Aug 2026 last month headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Transport | ABS, State Transport Departments Each timetable release | Jul 2026 2 months ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Services & amenities | Provider directories, ACECQA Continuous | Jul 2026 2 months ago all 14 measures |
| Annual and financial-year sources 2 sections | ||
| Income | ABS, ATO Annual (ATO) | FY 2023 3 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| ATO taxable income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index. Census household income provides the distribution detail. | ||
| Health | ABS, ATO Annual | 2024 2 years ago headline measures · 2021 Census baseline |
| Census-measured — next update: 2026 Census 3 sections No more current small-area source exists for these, so they are labelled as Census-measured rather than implied to be current. | ||
| Housing | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 30 measures |
| Households | ABS 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 18 measures |
| Cultural diversity | ABS, Geoscience Australia 5-yearly (Census) | 2021 Census next update 2026 all 44 measures |
"Currency" is the most recent release feeding that section. Where the Census supplies the structural baseline underneath a current headline figure, the row says so.
How the numbers are built
Population
The Census provides the small-area baseline, aggregated from mesh blocks to this boundary. It is then re-based to the ABS Estimated Resident Population (June 2025 release), and new dwellings built since Census night are counted from address data — 232 validated new addresses here. The headline figure is therefore a current estimate for Aug 2026, not a 2021 count (4,719 at the 2021 Census → 5,191 now). Annual growth rates are compound (CAGR), not simple averages.
Age profile
Cohort shares are not raw Census counts. Every cohort is held as a pair — the Census baseline and a current estimate — and the split is re-based using ERP and state population projections, current to Aug 2026. Median age is the Census median plus modelled change since. Charts that show both are labelled "2021 Census vs Current Estimate".
Property sales
Sourced from the state valuation authority's sales register — current, not Census, and refreshed weekly. Medians are calculated from settled transactions in the period shown; periods with very low transaction counts are flagged or suppressed, because a handful of sales can move a median substantially.
Rents
Derived from state rental bond lodgement data, by dwelling type and bedroom count. Bonds are lodged at the start of a new tenancy, so this reflects new lettings, not the whole rented stock.
Development & infrastructure
Building approvals come from current ABS releases; development applications are collected from council and state planning portals; the infrastructure pipeline is compiled from Infrastructure Australia and local government sources. Applications are matched to this boundary by address or coordinates, so very recent lodgements may not yet appear.
Employment & income
Industry and occupation structure comes from the Census, but the headline labour-market indicators do not. Unemployment and labour force are derived from ABS Small Area Labour Markets (quarterly). The employment outlook applies Department of Employment forecasts for all 19 industry divisions to this area's own industry mix (the agency is now Jobs and Skills Australia), as does the Internet Vacancy Index used for job demand. Because it is weighted on industry composition alone, that outlook carries no allowance for local population growth — in fast-growing areas the real rise in local jobs will typically be higher. Income combines Census household income with ATO taxable-income statistics for FY 2023, indexed forward using the Wage Price Index.
Education, transport & amenities
School enrolments, ICSEA and performance come from ACARA's current release, not the Census. Public transport stops and service frequency are derived from GTFS timetable feeds published by state transport departments. Services and amenities are proximity and count scores built from provider directories, refreshed on their own cycle. The Census contributes only the travel-to-work and qualification measures.
Rankings and benchmarks. Where we rank this area, the comparison set is every area of the same boundary type — suburbs against suburbs, SA2s against SA2s. Benchmarks compare this area against its greater capital city region and the national figure for the same measure and period.
Limits worth knowing. Small areas carry larger error margins, and the ABS introduces small random adjustments to Census counts to protect confidentiality — so totals may not sum exactly. Estimates re-based from regional data describe the area's expected trajectory, not a direct count of it. Figures are indicative for research and are not financial, planning or valuation advice.
Cross-check us. The Census baseline for this boundary is at ABS 2021 Census QuickStats (SAL60327). QuickStats reports 2021 only — the figures on this page are more current wherever the ledger shows a later date.